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Cited by 125Parasitic Infections and DiagnosticsVeterinary medicine and infectious diseasesHelminth infection and control

Experimental infection of cats with Tritrichomonas foetus

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Gookin, Jody L., Levy, Michael G., Law, J. Mac, Papich, Mark G., Poore, Matthew F., Breitschwerdt, Edward B.·2001·American Journal of Veterinary Research
DOI 10.2460/ajvr.2001.62.1690
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Abstract

Objective—To determine whether infection with Tritrichomonas foetus causes diarrhea in specific pathogen-free or Cryptosporidium coinfected cats. Animals—4 cats with subclinical cryptosporidiosis (group 1) and 4 specific-pathogen-free cats (group 2). Procedure—Cats were infected orogastrically with an axenic culture of T foetus isolated from a kitten with diarrhea. Direct microscopy and protozoal culture of feces, fecal character, serial colonic mucosal biopsy specimens, and response to treatment with nitazoxanide (NTZ; group 1) or prednisolone (groups 1 and 2) were assessed. Results—Infection with T foetus persisted in all cats for the entire 203-day study and resulted in diarrhea that resolved after 7 weeks. Group-1 cats had an earlier onset, more severe diarrhea, and increased number of trichomonads on direct fecal examination, compared with group-2 cats. Use of NTZ eliminated shedding of T foetus and Cryptosporidium oocysts, but diarrhea consisting of trichomonad-containing feces recurred when treatment was discontinued. Prednisolone did not have an effect on infection with T foetus but resulted in reappearance of Cryptosporidium oocysts in the feces of 2 of 4 cats. During necropsy, T foetus was isolated from contents of the ileum, cecum, and colon. Tritrichomonas foetus organisms and antigen were detected on surface epithelia and within superficial detritus of the cecal and colonic mucosa. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—After experimental inoculation in cats, T foetus organisms colonize the ileum, cecum, and colon, reside in close contact with the epithelium, and are associated with transient diarrhea that is exacerbated by coexisting cryptosporidiosis but not treatment with prednisolone. (Am J Vet Res 2001;62:1690–1697)

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  • It was previously shown that C parvum coinfection potentiated Tritrichomonas foetus infections in cats.

    “It was previously shown that C parvum coinfection potentiated Tritrichomonas foetus infections in cats.17”

    From Evaluation of fenbendazole for treatment of Giardia infection in cats concurrently infected with Cryptosporidium parvum. (2003) · cites this paper as [17]

    The Discussion (page not provided) reports that cats with coexisting cryptosporidiosis developed earlier, more severe diarrhea after T. foetus inoculation and suggests that coinfection was associated with T. foetus proliferation. However, it identifies the coinfecting organism only as Cryptosporidium spp., not C. parvum, and presents the proliferation finding as suggestive rather than established potentiation. (LLM, conf=0.87)

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Research works printed but not linked: 9

  1. [1]1. Da Cunha AM, Muniz J. Trabalhos do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Sobre um flagellado parasito do gato. Brazil-Medico 1922;36:285-286.
  2. [7]7. Barr SC. Enteric protozoal infections. In: Greene CE, ed. Infectious diseases of the dog and cat. 2nd ed. Philadelphia: WB Saunders Co, 1998;487.
  3. [9]9. Guilford WG, Strombeck DR. Gastrointestinal tract infec- tions, parasites, and toxicoses. In: Strombeck' s small animal gastroen- terology. 3rd ed. Philadelphia: WB Saunders Co, 1996;427.
  4. [10]10. Jordan HE. Trichomonas spp. in feline: a case report. Vet Med 1956;51:23-24.
  5. [14]14. Levy MG, Gookin JL, Poore MF, et al. Information on para- sitic gastrointestinal infections in cats (lett). J Am Vet Med Assoc 2001;218:194-195.
  6. [15]15. Levy MG, Gookin JL, Poore MF, et al Tritrichomonas foetus and not Pentatrichomonas hominis is the causative agent of the recently described feline intestinal trichomonosis. J Vet Intern Med 2001;15:315.
  7. [28]28. Euzeby J, Tep SP, Rossignol JF. Experimentation des propri- etes anthelminthiques de la nitazoxanide chez le chien, le chat et les ovins. Res Med Vet 1980;131:687-696.
  8. [29]29. Plumb DC. Prednisolone. In: Veterinary drug handbook. 3rd ed. Ames, Iowa: Iowa State University Press, 1999;533.
  9. [31]31. Kerr WR. Experiments in cattle with Trichomonas suis. Vet Rec 1958;70:613-615.

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Authors
Gookin, J. L., Levy, M. G., Law, J. M., Papich, M. G., Poore, M. F., & Breitschwerdt, E. B.
Affiliations
  • North Carolina State University (US)
  • American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine (US)
ORCID
Venue
American Journal of Veterinary Research
Publisher
American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)
Published
2001-11-01
Volume
62
Issue
11
Pages
1690-1697
ISSN
0002-9645 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.2460/ajvr.2001.62.1690
OpenAlex
W2003861266
Semantic Scholar
8cbe63be0eaae12179f10b02692ab67912cca293
Cited by
125
References
23
Citations by year
2025: 4 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 8
FWCI
1.96
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • American Journal of Veterinary Research (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • NCSU Libraries Repository (North Carolina State University Libraries) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Parasitology › Parasitic Infections and Diagnostics
  • Health Sciences › Veterinary › Small Animals › Veterinary medicine and infectious diseases
  • Health Sciences › Veterinary › Small Animals › Helminth infection and control
Keywords
Tritrichomonas foetus, feline trichomoniasis, Cryptosporidium, cryptosporidiosis, co-infection, diarrhea, cats, nitazoxanide, prednisolone, experimental infection, intestinal colonization, oocyst shedding
MeSH terms
Animals, Antigens, Protozoan, Antiprotozoal Agents, Cat Diseases, Cats, Cryptosporidiosis, Cryptosporidium, Diarrhea, Feces, Female, Intestinal Diseases, Intestinal Mucosa, Nitro Compounds, Parasite Egg Count, Prednisolone, Protozoan Infections, Protozoan Infections, Animal, Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms, Thiazoles, Tritrichomonas foetus

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