Serial Evaluation of Physiologic, Pathological, and Behavioral Changes Related to Disease Progression of Experimentally Induced Mannheimia Haemolytica Pneumonia in Postweaned Calves
Open accessAbstract
Objective—To determine the usefulness of physiologic, behavioral, and pathological changes as objective indicators of early respiratory disease in calves with Mannheimia haemolytica pneumonia. Animals—14 crossbred beef steers. Procedures—Disease was experimentally induced in healthy calves through endoscopic pulmonary inoculation of M haemolytica. Calves were necropsied on days 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, and 9 after inoculation. Physical examination variables (rectal temperature, heart rate, and respiration characteristics), clinical illness score, and degree of activity were assessed 3 times daily beginning 4 days prior to inoculation and continuing throughout the study. Twice before inoculation and on days 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, and 9, arterial blood gas measurements, serum biochemical analyses, and CBCs were performed. Pedometers and accelerometers were used to monitor cattle behavior and activity throughout the trial. Results—All calves became clinically ill after inoculation and had gross and histopathologic signs of bronchopneumonia. No variable was a reliable indicator of disease progression as judged by percentage of pulmonary involvement. However, activity as measured by total steps taken in a 24-hour period was lower after versus before disease induction. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—This single-pathogen challenge model successfully yielded clinical signs and pathological effects consistent with naturally acquired respiratory disease. Routine laboratory variables and subjective measures were not reliable indicators of lung involvement or the progression of pneumonia. However, activity, objectively measured with pedometers and accelerometers, appeared to be a promising indicator for early recognition of bovine respiratory disease.
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Delayed detection of BRD can impair treatment effectiveness and outcomes.
“Delayed detection of BRD can impair treatment effectiveness and outcomes [237].”
From Strategies for Bovine Respiratory Disease (BRD) Diagnosis and Prognosis: A Comprehensive Overview (2024) · cites this paper as [237]
The Discussion (page unavailable) says early recognition is important to reducing the effects of BRD in beef calves, and the introductory passage notes that overt signs are often absent early in the disease. However, the paper does not establish that delayed detection impairs treatment effectiveness or compare outcomes by treatment timing. (LLM, conf=0.83)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredFollowing M. haemolytica infection, a reduction in activity levels, slower gait speed (p < 0.05), and decreased standing duration were observed via accelerometers.
“In a study that examined various physiological and behavioral parameters, the most notable outcome was a reduction in activity levels, slower gait speed (p < 0.05), and decreased standing duration, as monitored by accelerometers following M. haemolytica infection.”
From Strategies for Bovine Respiratory Disease (BRD) Diagnosis and Prognosis: A Comprehensive Overview (2024) · cites this paper as [237]
The Activity results (page not available in our copy) report fewer steps after inoculation, measured by pedometers. The accelerometer results report significantly less time standing (P < 0.05), but do not report slower gait speed; time spent walking was not associated with trial day (P = 0.86). The claim also incorrectly attributes the step-count finding to accelerometers. (LLM, conf=0.92)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
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- Authors
- Hanzlicek, G. A., White, B. J., Mosier, D., Renter, D. G., & Anderson, D. E.
- Affiliations
- Kansas State University (US)
- Corresponding author
- White, Brad J.
- Venue
- American Journal of Veterinary Research
- Published
- 2010-03
- Volume
- 71
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 359-369
- ISSN
- 0002-9645 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2125331903
- Cited by
- 98
- References
- 39
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 4.70
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- American Journal of Veterinary Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Microbiology › Microbial infections and disease research
- Health Sciences › Veterinary › Small Animals › Animal health and immunology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Keywords
- Mannheimia haemolytica, bovine respiratory disease, experimental pneumonia, disease progression, early disease detection, pedometers, accelerometer, activity monitoring, bronchopneumonia, clinical signs, arterial blood gases, serum biochemistry, pulmonary involvement
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Blood Cell Count, Blood Gas Analysis, Body Temperature, Cattle, Cattle Diseases, Erythrocyte Count, Euthanasia, Heart Rate, Leukocyte Count, Serotyping, Weaning, Least-Squares Analysis, Mannheimia haemolytica, Lymphocyte Count, Pneumonia of Calves, Enzootic
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