Cross-country analysis of strategies for achieving progress towards global goals for women's and children's health
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OBJECTIVE: To identify how 10 low- and middle-income countries achieved accelerated progress, ahead of comparable countries, towards meeting millennium development goals 4 and 5A to reduce child and maternal mortality. METHODS: We synthesized findings from multistakeholder dialogues and country policy reports conducted previously for the Success Factors studies in 10 countries: Bangladesh, Cambodia, China, Egypt, Ethiopia, the Lao People's Democratic Republic, Nepal, Peru, Rwanda and Viet Nam. A framework approach was used to analyse and synthesize the data from the country reports, resulting in descriptive or explanatory conclusions by theme. FINDINGS: Successful policy and programme approaches were categorized in four strategic areas: leadership and multistakeholder partnerships; health sector; sectors outside health; and accountability for resources and results. Consistent and coordinated inputs across sectors, based on high-impact interventions, were assessed. Within the health sector, key policy and programme strategies included defining standards, collecting and using data, improving financial protection, and improving the availability and quality of services. Outside the health sector, strategies included investing in girls' education, water, sanitation and hygiene, poverty reduction, nutrition and food security, and infrastructure development. Countries improved accountability by strengthening and using data systems for planning and evaluating progress. CONCLUSION: Reducing maternal and child mortality in the 10 fast-track countries can be linked to consistent and coordinated policy and programme inputs across health and other sectors. The approaches used by successful countries have relevance to other countries looking to scale-up or accelerate progress towards the sustainable development goals.
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Improved sanitation and handwashing reduced under-five mortality, schistosomiasis, and acquiring other soil-transmitted helminths and parasites.
“Other aspects of WASH, including improved sanitation and handwashing, likewise reduced underfive mortality (Ahmed et al., 2016;Dendup et al., 2018), and schistosomiasis (Donohue et al., 2017), or acquiring other soiltransmitted helminths and parasites (Baker et al., 2018).”
From A Systematic Review of Water and Gender Interlinkages: Assessing the Intersection With Health (2020) · cites this paper as Ahmed et al., 2016
Maternal or household access to clean water significantly reduced the risk of under-five mortality, child stunting, schistosomiasis, and hookworm infections.
“Concretely, studies showed that maternal, or household access to clean water significantly reduced the risk of under-five mortality (Ahmed et al., 2016;Acheampong et al., 2017Acheampong et al., , 2018)), child stunting (Akombi et al., 2017;Vos et al., 2017;Marinda et al., 2018), schistosomiasis (Atalabi et al., 2016;Donohue et al., 2017), and hookworm infections (Baker et al., 2018).”
From A Systematic Review of Water and Gender Interlinkages: Assessing the Intersection With Health (2020) · cites this paper as Ahmed et al., 2016
Poor WASH is linked to a multitude of health burdens, particularly childhood diseases including schistosomiasis, under-5 mortality, and stunting.
“Poor WASH, in general, was linked to a multitude of health burdens, and particularly childhood diseases, including schistosomiasis, under-5 mortality, and stunting (Ahmed et al., 2016;Atalabi et al., 2016;Acheampong et al., 2017Acheampong et al., , 2018;;Akombi et al., 2017;Donohue et al., 2017;Vos et al., 2017;Baker et al., 2018;Marinda et al., 2018).”
From A Systematic Review of Water and Gender Interlinkages: Assessing the Intersection With Health (2020) · cites this paper as Ahmed et al., 2016
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- Authors
- Ahmed, S. M., Rawal, L. B., Chowdhury, S. A., Murray, J., Arscott-Mills, S., Jack, S., Hinton, R., Alam, P. M., & Kuruvilla, S.
- Affiliations
- BRAC University (BD)
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research (BD)
- Independent Expert and Consultant Reproductive, Maternal and Child Health and Nutrition Policy and Implementation, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
- Maternal and Child Health Consultant, Iowa City, United States of America (USA).
- International Health and Development, ICF International, Fairfax, USA.
- University of Otago (NZ)
- Partnership for Maternal, Newborn & Child Health, Geneva, Switzerland.
- World Health Organization (CH)
- Corresponding author
- Kuruvilla, Shyama
- ORCID
- Venue
- Bulletin of the World Health Organization
- Publisher
- WHO Press
- Published
- 2016-05-01
- Volume
- 94
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 351-361
- ISSN
- 0042-9686 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4850533
- OpenAlex
- W2343138196
- Cited by
- 71
- References
- 24
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 5
- FWCI
- 9.69
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- diamond
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Bulletin of the World Health Organization (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- BRAC University Institutional Repository (BRAC University) (publishedVersion)
- Acquire (CQUniversity) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- BRAC University Institutional Repository (BRAC University) (submittedVersion)
- Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- World Bank Group
- World Health Organization
- Alliance for Health Policy and Systems Research
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Global Maternal and Child Health
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Child Nutrition and Water Access
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Human Rights and Development
- Keywords
- maternal mortality, child mortality, Millennium Development Goals, global health progress, low- and middle-income countries, health policy, multi-stakeholder partnerships, intersectoral coordination, accountability, health care financing, financial protection, health data systems, women's education, water, sanitation and hygiene, nutrition, poverty reduction, infrastructure development, Sustainable Development Goals, success factors
- MeSH terms
- Child Health, Maternal-Child Health Services, Child, Cooperative Behavior, Developing Countries, Education, Food Supply, Health Services Accessibility, Humans, Leadership, Maternal Mortality, Quality of Health Care, Sanitation, World Health Organization, Women's Health, Immunization Programs, Child Mortality, Policy
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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