Cited by 6Hate Speech and Cyberbullying DetectionSentiment Analysis and Opinion MiningMisinformation and Its Impacts

Review of Recent Trends in the Detection of Hate Speech and Offensive Language on Social Media

Open access
Sokolová, Zuzana, Staš, Ján, Juhár, Jozef·2022·Acta Electrotechnica et Informatica

Abstract

Abstract In the article, we describe recent trends in the detection of hate speech and offensive language on social media. We accord from the latest studies and scientific contributions. The article describes current trends and the most used methods in connection with the detection of hate speech and offensive language. At the same time, we focus on the importance of emoticons, hashtags, and swearing in the field of social networks. We point out the topicality of the selected topic, describe the next direction of our work, and suggest possible solutions to current problems in this field of research.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.2478/aei-2022-0018

Cites

17 of 17 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • Several studies used DistilBERT for cyberbullying detection in social networks and obtained promising performance.

    “Several studies [54-56] used DistilBERT for cyberbullying detection in social networks. Their experimental results show that they obtained a promising performance while using DistilBERT as the word-embedding technique as well as the fine-tuned classifier.”

    From A Review on Deep-Learning-Based Cyberbullying Detection (2023) · cites this paper as [55]

    The Text Prediction section reports promising DistilBERT results in studies of offensive-language detection, including YouTube comments and relatively high F1 scores. It does not identify those studies as cyberbullying detection or establish that DistilBERT was used both as a word-embedding technique and as a fine-tuned classifier. Page numbers are unavailable in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.85)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Research works printed but not linked: 5

  1. VASWANI, A. et al.: (2017) Attention is all you need". Guyon, I., et al. (eds.): Advances in Neu- ral Information Processing Systems, Vol. 30, ISBN 9781510860964.
  2. ALONSO, H. M. -PLANK, B.: (2017) When is mul- titask learning effective? Semantic sequence predic- tion under varying data conditions. In: Proceedings of the 15th Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics, Valencia, Spain, pp. 44-53.
  3. YASASWINI, K. et al.: (2021) IIITT DravidianLangTech-EACL2021: Transfer learn- ing for offensive language detection in Dravidian languages. In: Proceedings of the First Workshop on Speech and Language Technologies for Dravidian Languages, Kyiv, Ukraine, pp. 187-194 .
  4. DEL VIGNA, F. et al.: (2017) Hate me, hate me not: Hate speech detection on Facebook. In: Proceed- ings of the First Italian Conference on Cybersecurity, ITASEC17, Venice, Italy, pp. 86-95.
  5. OR ǍSAN, C.: (2018) Aggressive language identifica- tion using word embeddings and sentiment features. In: Proceedings of the First Workshop on Trolling, Aggression and Cyberbullying, TRAC-2018, Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA, pp. 113-119.

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Sokolová, Z., Staš, J., & Juhár, J.
Affiliations
Technical University of Košice (SK)
Venue
Acta Electrotechnica et Informatica
Published
2022-12-01
Volume
22
Issue
4
Pages
18-24
ISSN
  • 1335-8243 (ISSN-L)
  • 1338-3957
OpenAlex
W4389495513
Cited by
6
References
11
Citations by year
2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 1
FWCI
0.49
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Acta Electrotechnica et Informatica (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • Ministerstvo školstva, vedy, výskumu a športu Slovenskej republiky (2/0165/21)
  • Agentúra na Podporu Výskumu a Vývoja (APVV-15-0517, SK-TW-21-0002, APVV-15)
  • Kultúrna a Edukacná Grantová Agentúra MŠVVaŠ SR (009TUKE-4-2019, KEGA 009TUKE-4-2019)
  • Vedecká Grantová Agentúra MŠVVaŠ SR a SAV (VEGA 2/0165/21, VEGA 1/0753/20, 1/0753/20, 2/0165/21)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Hate Speech and Cyberbullying Detection
  • Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Sentiment Analysis and Opinion Mining
  • Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Misinformation and Its Impacts
Keywords
hate speech detection, offensive language detection, social media, emoticons, hashtags, swearing, online abuse

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review