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Cited by 8

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A Geological and Spatial Approach to Prehistoric Archaeological Surveys on Small Islands: Case Studies from Maluku Barat Daya, Indonesia

Kealy, Shimona, Wattimena, Lucas, O'Connor, Sue·2018·Kapata Arkeologi
DOI 10.24832/kapata.v13i2.458
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Abstract

Survei arkeologi sangat penting untuk penemuan dan interpretasi sisa-sisa yang ditinggalkan oleh aktivitas manusia prasejarah. Saat ini penginderaan jarak jauh dan model prediktif telah meningkatkan jangkauan dan keberhasilan survei arkeologi, namun survei pejalan kaki untuk mengembangkan parameter model dan prediksi kebenaran dasar masih penting untuk keberhasilan suatu penemuan. Penelitian ini merupakan hasil survei arkeologi tahun 2017 di Pulau Babar Besar dan Pulau Wetang yang termasuk dalam bagian dari kelompok Kepulauan Babar, Maluku Barat Daya, Indonesia. Tercatat sebanyak 62 situs arkeologi ditemukan di kedua pulau tersebut, tujuh diantaranya merupakan situs lukisan cadas baru yang ditemukan di Pulau Wetang. Hasil survei ini menunjukkan keberhasilan penggunaan peta geologi dan topografi di samping citra satelit dalam mendeteksi daerah prospektif untuk survei. Hasil penelitian ini juga menunjukkan bahwa pemahaman karakteristik geologi daerah yang lebih rinci dan komparatif diperlukan sebelum dilakukan survei jarak jauh yang lebih lanjut di wilayah Maluku Barat Daya, Indonesia.Archaeological surveys are essential to the discovery and interpretation of remains left by past human activities. While remote sensing and predictive models have greatly improved the reach and success of archaeological survey, pedestrian surveys to develop model parameters and ground-truth predictions is still imperative for successful discoveries. Here we present the results of the 2017 archaeological survey of islands Babar Besar and Wetang in the Babar Island Group, Maluku Barat Daya, Indonesia. A total of 62 archaeological sites were recorded between the two islands; seven of which represent new rock art sites on Wetang island. Our survey results indicate the successful use of geological and topographic maps alongside satellite images in detecting prospective regions for survey. Results also indicate however that a more detailed and comparative understanding of the regions geology is required before more advanced forms of remote survey are conducted in the Maluku Barat Daya region.

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Crossref · 10.24832/kapata.v13i2.458

Cites

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Figures

Image 1
CC-BY · From the PDF
Figure 1 Maps showing regional location of Babar IG and the survey results in a geological context. A) Maluku Province shaded in with the Babar IG outlined. B) Islands Babar Besar and Wetang, showing surface geology (following Agustiyanto et al., 1994) and archaeological sites as listed in Table 1; coloured red for rock art, yellow for forts and black for caves & rockshelters. Geology codes are as followes: Js = Shale, Qa = Alluvium, Qk = Conglomerate, Qpg = Coralline Limestone, TQp = Quartz Sandstone, Tmpb = Melange Complex
Figure 1 Maps showing regional location of Babar IG and the survey results in a geological context. A) Maluku Province shaded in with the Babar IG outlined. B) Islands Babar Besar and Wetang, showing surface geology (following Agustiyanto et al., 1994) and archaeological sites as listed in Table 1; coloured red for rock art, yellow for forts and black for caves & rockshelters. Geology codes are as followes: Js = Shale, Qa = Alluvium, Qk = Conglomerate, Qpg = Coralline Limestone, TQp = Quartz Sandstone, Tmpb = Melange ComplexCC-BY · From the PDF
Figure 2 Northern Limestone formation of Wetang showing uplifted terraces, eastern side of the island (Source: Authors, 2017)
Figure 2 Northern Limestone formation of Wetang showing uplifted terraces, eastern side of the island (Source: Authors, 2017)CC-BY · From the PDF
Image 4
CC-BY · From the PDF
Figure 4 Rockshelters on Wetang with Sopi stills. A) Leitupun (#5: Table 1); B) Nyboyta Road 1 (#16: Table 1) (Source: Authors, 2017)
Figure 4 Rockshelters on Wetang with Sopi stills. A) Leitupun (#5: Table 1); B) Nyboyta Road 1 (#16: Table 1) (Source: Authors, 2017)CC-BY · From the PDF
Figure 5 Tawuwun cave and rock art (#1: Table 1). A) Cave overview showing rocky floor, uneaven roof surface and smooth flowstone on sides. B) Tawuwun boat with large sail structure. C) One of many panels of motifs at Tawuwun (Source: Authors, 2017)
Figure 5 Tawuwun cave and rock art (#1: Table 1). A) Cave overview showing rocky floor, uneaven roof surface and smooth flowstone on sides. B) Tawuwun boat with large sail structure. C) One of many panels of motifs at Tawuwun (Source: Authors, 2017)CC-BY · From the PDF
Figure 6 Dari 1 rockart site (#7: Table 1). Chicken motif directly above scale (Source: Authors, 2017)
Figure 6 Dari 1 rockart site (#7: Table 1). Chicken motif directly above scale (Source: Authors, 2017)CC-BY · From the PDF
Figure 7 Liang Palyora rockshelters (#28: Table 1). A) Connecting rockshelters of Liang Palyora, B) Grindstone recovered from surface showing pitting. C) Middle placed rockshelter in Liang Palyora complex. D) Grindstone showing use wear (Source: Authors, 2017)
Figure 7 Liang Palyora rockshelters (#28: Table 1). A) Connecting rockshelters of Liang Palyora, B) Grindstone recovered from surface showing pitting. C) Middle placed rockshelter in Liang Palyora complex. D) Grindstone showing use wear (Source: Authors, 2017)CC-BY · From the PDF
Figure 8 Sites from Babar Barat showing deposit disturbed by pigs. A) Ninakak cave (#42: Table 1) with domestic pig on lefthand side of the cave. B) Yaramnyawi Rockshelters 3+4 (#33: Table 1) showing pig wallow disturbance to an otherwise promising deposit, right-hand side
Figure 8 Sites from Babar Barat showing deposit disturbed by pigs. A) Ninakak cave (#42: Table 1) with domestic pig on lefthand side of the cave. B) Yaramnyawi Rockshelters 3+4 (#33: Table 1) showing pig wallow disturbance to an otherwise promising deposit, right-hand sideCC-BY · From the PDF
Figure 9 Liang Palyora 5 ledge burial (#29: Table 1). A) Site overview. B) Human bones in association with pottery and marine shells. C) Bone bead associated with human remains. (Source: Authors, 2017)
Figure 9 Liang Palyora 5 ledge burial (#29: Table 1). A) Site overview. B) Human bones in association with pottery and marine shells. C) Bone bead associated with human remains. (Source: Authors, 2017)CC-BY · From the PDF
Figure 10 Wakap Burial Ground (#49: Table 1). A) Original burial ground in foreground, ledge with human remains beyond local guide. B) Skulls and jaws arranged on ledge. C) Earthenware pottery and ceramic remains retrieved from secondary ledge placement. D) Bracelets found in association with other remaining grave goods
Figure 10 Wakap Burial Ground (#49: Table 1). A) Original burial ground in foreground, ledge with human remains beyond local guide. B) Skulls and jaws arranged on ledge. C) Earthenware pottery and ceramic remains retrieved from secondary ledge placement. D) Bracelets found in association with other remaining grave goodsCC-BY · From the PDF
Figure 11 Kukeweble Negeri Lama (#61: Table 1). A) Southern wall with local guide as scale. B) Stone altar (Left) under scared Banyan tree - located in the centre of the Kukeweble fortification. C) Atop the west wall showing average wall thickness, local guide for scale (Source: Authors, 2017)
Figure 11 Kukeweble Negeri Lama (#61: Table 1). A) Southern wall with local guide as scale. B) Stone altar (Left) under scared Banyan tree - located in the centre of the Kukeweble fortification. C) Atop the west wall showing average wall thickness, local guide for scale (Source: Authors, 2017)CC-BY · From the PDF
Figure 12 Negeri lamas atop the first terrance, Babar Timur. A) Wulua (#48: Table 1) - showing entrance atop cliff. B) South wall of Wulyeni (#58: Table 1)
Figure 12 Negeri lamas atop the first terrance, Babar Timur. A) Wulua (#48: Table 1) - showing entrance atop cliff. B) South wall of Wulyeni (#58: Table 1)CC-BY · From the PDF

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Citations

Cites

Research works printed but not linked: 7

  1. Glover, I. C., & Ellen, R. F. (1975). Ethnographie and archaeological aspects of a flaked stone collection from Seram, Eastern Indonesia. Asian Perspectives, 18(1), 51- 60.
  2. Latinis, K. & Stark, K. (2003). Roasted dirt: Assessing earthenware assemblages from sites in Central Maluku, Indonesia. In J. N. Miksic (Ed.), Earthenware in Southeast Asia (pp. 103-135). Singapore: Singapore University Press.
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  4. Orton, C. (2000). Sampling in Archaeology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  5. Röder, J. (1938). Felsbilder auf Ceram. Paideuma: Mitteilungen zur Kulturkunde. 1(1), 19-28.
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Metadata

Authors
Kealy, S., Wattimena, L., & O'Connor, S.
ORCID
Kealy, Shimona
Venue
Kapata Arkeologi
Publisher
Badan Standar, Kurikulum, dan Asesmen Pendidikan
Published
2018-07-30
Volume
14
Issue
1
Pages
1
ISSN
  • 2503-0876
  • 1858-4101
DOI
10.24832/kapata.v13i2.458
Cited by
8
References
38
Licence
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 (unspecified)

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