Energy Storage for Lunar Surface Exploration
Open accessAbstract
This paper presents the updated results of a previous NASA study funded under the Advanced Exploration Systems (AES) Modular Power Systems (AMPS) project. This work focuses on generating high-level system sizing relationships for two lunar surface locations that serve as bounding conditions for most other locations. Four critical parameters are considered to provide sizing data: specific energy, energy density, specific power, and power density. Given the energy storage requirements or customer power demand for a lunar mission location, the data presented in this paper provides a method to determine the critical parameter values of a Regenerative Fuel Cell (RFC) system in order to perform high-level mission architecture trades.
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RFCs have separate energy conversion (FC and electrolyzer) and energy storage units (reactants storage tanks), permitting independent sizing of both.
“Moreover, RFCs have separate energy conversion (FC and electrolyzer) and energy storage units (reactants storage tanks), permitting independent sizing of both [67], [68].”
From Space Microgrids for Future Manned Lunar Bases: A Review (2021) · cites this paper as [67]
In batteries, both energy conversion and storage are packaged in one unit.
“While in batteries, both energy conversion and storage are packaged in one unit [67].”
From Space Microgrids for Future Manned Lunar Bases: A Review (2021) · cites this paper as [67]
For long discharge durations, RFCs have an advantage over rechargeable batteries in terms of mass and specific energy.
“In general, for long discharge duration, RFCs are shown to have an advantage over the rechargeable batteries in terms of mass and specific energy [9], [58], [67], [68].”
From Space Microgrids for Future Manned Lunar Bases: A Review (2021) · cites this paper as [67]
Considering the advantages and efficiency, PEM-RFCs seem very promising for space surface missions.
“Therefore, considering the advantages and efficiency, PEM-RFCs seem very promising for space surface missions [59], [67], [68].”
From Space Microgrids for Future Manned Lunar Bases: A Review (2021) · cites this paper as [67]
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Cites
Analysis of Stationary, Photovoltaic-Based Surface Power System Designs at the Lunar South Pole
Freeh, J. (2008) · AIAA SPACE 2008 Conference & Exposition · doi:10.2514/6.2008-7810 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Regenerative Fuel Cell Power Systems for Lunar and Martian Surface Exploration
Guzik, M. C., Jakupca, I., Gilligan, R., Bennett, W. R., Smith, P. J., & Fincannon, J. (2017) · AIAA SPACE and Astronautics Forum and Exposition · doi:10.2514/6.2017-5368 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Self-citationRegenerative Fuel Cells for Energy Storage: Efficiency and Weight Trade-offs
Barbir, F., Dalton, L. T., & Molter, T. M. (2003) · AIAA International Energy Conversion Engineering Conference (IECEC) · doi:10.2514/6.2003-5937 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Electric Power System Technology Options for Lunar Surface Missions
Kerslake, T. W. (2013) · NASA Technical Reports Server (NASA) · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Regenerative Fuel Cell for High Power Space System Applications
Okaya, S. (2013) · AIAA International Energy Conversion Engineering Conference (IECEC) · doi:10.2514/6.2013-3923 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Lunar Outpost Life Support Architecture Study Based on a High-Mobility Exploration Scenario
Lange, K. E., & Anderson, M. S. (2010) · International Conference on Environmental Systems (ICES) · doi:10.2514/6.2010-6237 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Lunar Regenerative Fuel Cell (RFC) Reliability Testing for Assured Mission Success
Bents, D. J. (2009) · NASA STI Repository (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Petri, D., Cataldo, R. L., & Bozek, J. M. (2006) · AIAA International Energy Conversion Engineering Conference and Exhibit (IECEC) · doi:10.2514/6.2006-4103 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Analysis of an Energy Storage System Based on Regenerative Fuel Cells for Spacecraft
Rosenberg, D. W., Pinto, D., & Schnitzer, I. (2006) · International Astronautical Congress (IAC) · doi:10.2514/6.iac-06-c3.2.03 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Goals and Strategies for the Human Lunar Reference Architecture
Seaman, C. H. (2013) · NASA STI Repository (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 4
- E.R. Joyce, M.P. Snyder, and A.L. T rassare, "Design of a Versatile Regenerative Fuel Cell System for Multi -Kilowatt Applications" AIAA-2010-8710, AIAA SPACE 2010 Conference and Exposition, Anaheim, CA
- Gilligan et al., "Modeling T hermal Control Systems for Extraterrestrial Regenerative Fuel Cells", NASA Thermal and Fluids Analysis Workshop 2017, T FAWS2017-AT -23, TFAWS 2017, Huntsville, AL, August 2017.
- T . Polsgrove, R. Button, and D. Linne, "Altair Lunar Lander Consumables Management" AIAA 2009 -6589, AIAA SPACE 2009 Conference and Exposition, Pasadena, CA
- Ogden, D.H., "Study of a Water Electrolysis system for a Lunar Base Power Station", Quarterly Report HGS-R102-69 under contract NAS8-21190
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Space Microgrids for Future Manned Lunar Bases: A Review
Saha, D., Bazmohammadi, N., Raya-Armenta, J. M., Bintoudi, A. D., Lashab, A., Vasquez, J. C., & Guerrero, J. M. (2021) · IEEE Open Access Journal of Power and Energy · doi:10.1109/oajpe.2021.3116674 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
- Authors
- Guzik, M. C., Gilligan, R., Smith, P., & Jakupca, I.
- Affiliations
- Glenn Research Center (US)
- NASA Glenn Research Center
- Venue
- 2018 AIAA SPACE and Astronautics Forum and Exposition
- Published
- 2018-09-15
- OpenAlex
- W2890552358
- Cited by
- 8
- References
- 10
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 1
- FWCI
- 0.43
- Type
- conference paper
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- hdl.handle.net
- Locations
- AIAA SPACE and Astronautics Forum and Exposition (publishedVersion)
- NASA STI Repository (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Aerospace Engineering › Space Exploration and Technology
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Fuel Cells and Related Materials
- Physical Sciences › Energy › Energy Engineering and Power Technology › Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems
- Keywords
- energy storage, lunar surface exploration, regenerative fuel cells, system sizing, specific energy, energy density, specific power, power density, Advanced Exploration Systems, modular power systems
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