German Health Update (GEDA 2019/2020-EHIS) – Background and methodology
Open accessAbstract
Between April 2019 and September 2020, 23,001 people aged 15 or over responded to questions about their health and living conditions for the German Health Update (GEDA 2019/2020-EHIS). The results are representative of the German resident population aged 15 or above. The response rate was 21.6%. The study used a questionnaire based on the third wave of the European Health Interview Survey (EHIS), which was carried out in all EU member states. EHIS consists of four modules on health status, health care provision, health determinants, and socioeconomic variables. The data are collected in a harmonised manner and therefore have a high degree of international comparability. They constitute an important source of information for European health policy and health reporting and are made available by the Statistical Office of the European Union (Eurostat). They also form the basis of the Federal Health Reporting undertaken in Germany. Data collection began in April 2019, just under a year before the beginning of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, and continued into its initial phase, as of March 2020. As such, data from the current GEDA wave can also be used to conduct research into the health impact of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.
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Chronic diseases disproportionately affect individuals with lower socioeconomic status.
“Additionally, chronic diseases disproportionately affect individuals with lower socioeconomic status as highlighted by the German Health Update (GEDA) study (Allen et al., 2021).”
From Sociodemographics and Digital Health Literacy in Using Wearables for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention: Cross-Sectional Nationwide Survey in Germany (2025) · cites this paper as Allen et al., 2021
The Study design > Questionnaire section lists both chronic illnesses and socioeconomic characteristics as survey topics, but does not compare chronic-disease rates by socioeconomic status. The Weighting section discusses lower participation among people with less education, not a higher burden of chronic disease. Searches for chronic diseases and socioeconomic inequalities found no passage establishing the claimed relationship. (LLM, conf=0.76)
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Cites
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Health situation of adults in Germany – Results for selected indicators from GEDA 2019/2020-EHIS
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- Authors
- Allen, J., Born, S., Damerow, S., Kuhnert, R., Lemcke, J., Müller, A., Weihrauch, T., & Wetzstein, M.
- Affiliations
- Robert Koch Institute (DE)
- Venue
- Robert Koch-Institut
- Publisher
- Robert Koch-Institut
- Published
- 2021-09-15
- Volume
- 6
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 66-79
- PMC
- PMC8734110
- OpenAlex
- W3200828690
- Cited by
- 50
- References
- 8
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 4
- FWCI
- 9.83
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Licence
- Locations
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Social Science Open Access Repository (GESIS – Leibniz Institute for the Social Sciences) (publishedVersion)
- Publication server of the Robert Koch Institute (Robert Kock Institute) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- Robert-Koch-Institut (RKI) (cc-by)
- PubMed
- Funders
- Bundesministerium für Gesundheit
- Robert Koch Institut
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Health and Medical Studies
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Survey Methodology and Nonresponse
- Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Economics and Econometrics › Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life
- Keywords
- European Health Interview Survey, health status, health care delivery, health determinants, socioeconomic factors, living conditions, health policy, health reporting, COVID-19 pandemic, Germany
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