Reflections on Putin and the Media

The Socialist System

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Media and Political Persuasion: Evidence from Russia

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Government control of the media

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Freedom of the Press

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Mass Media and Political Communication in New Democracies

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Changing channels: television and the struggle for power in Russia

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Television, Power, and the Public in Russia

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Putin's Russia: past imperfect, future uncertain

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Television, Democracy and Elections in Russia

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How to Subvert Democracy: Montesions in PeruPreprint

McMillan, J., & Zoido, P. (2004) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.548462 · Cited by 90 · see citing works

The truth of authority: ideology and communication in the Soviet Union

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Media Effects and Russian Elections, 1999–2000

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Politics and the Media in Postcommunist Russia

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Putin and the Media

McFaul, M. A., & Lipman, M. (2003) · Cited by 14 · see citing works

Politics and the Media in Postcommunist Russia

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Televorot: The Role of Television Coverage in Russia's August 1991 Coup

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The tinpot and the totalitarian

Wintrobe, R. (1998) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9781139174916.004 · Cited by 8 · see citing works

Informational Autocrats

Guriev, S., & Treisman, D. (2019) · Journal of Economic Perspectives · doi:10.1257/jep.33.4.100 · Cited by 560 · see citing works

Government control of the media

Gehlbach, S. G., & Сонин, К. И. (2014) · Journal of Public Economics · doi:10.1016/j.jpubeco.2014.06.004 · Cited by 432 · see citing works

Is Putin’s popularity real?

Frye, T., Gehlbach, S., Marquardt, K. L., & Reuter, O. J. (2015) · Post-Soviet Affairs · doi:10.1080/1060586x.2016.1144334 · Cited by 161 · see citing works

How Autocrats Manipulate Economic News: Evidence from Russia's State-Controlled Television

Rozenas, A., & Стукал, Д. (2017) · The Journal of Politics · doi:10.1086/703208 · Cited by 237 · see citing works

Learning to Love Democracy: Electoral Accountability and the Success of Democracy

Svolik, M. W. (2013) · American Journal of Political Science · doi:10.1111/ajps.12005 · Cited by 177 · see citing works

Social Media and Corruption

Сергеевич, Е. Р., Petrova, M., & Сонин, К. И. (2018) · American Economic Journal Applied Economics · doi:10.1257/app.20160089 · Cited by 171 · see citing works

Russia’s strategy for influence through public diplomacy and active measures: the Swedish case

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How Modern Dictators Survive: An Informational Theory of the New Authoritarianism∗

Guriev, S., & Treisman, D. (2015) · National Bureau of Economic Research · doi:10.3386/w21136 · Cited by 122 · see citing works

Does corruption hinder investment? Evidence from Russian regions

Zakharov, N. (2018) · European Journal of Political Economy · doi:10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2018.06.005 · Cited by 102 · see citing works

Broadcasting agitainment: a new media strategy of Putin’s third presidency

Tolz, V., & Teper, Y. (2018) · Post-Soviet Affairs · doi:10.1080/1060586x.2018.1459023 · Cited by 90 · see citing works

Filtering revolution

Baum, M., & Zhukov, Y. M. (2015) · Journal of Peace Research · doi:10.1177/0022343314554791 · Cited by 89 · see citing works

Monumental Politics: Regime Type and Public Memory in Post-Communist States

Forest, B., & Johnson, J. E. (2011) · Post-Soviet Affairs · doi:10.2747/1060-586x.27.3.269 · Cited by 83 · see citing works

The Popularity Costs of Economic Crisis under Electoral Authoritarianism: Evidence from Russia

Rosenfeld, B. R. M. (2018) · American Journal of Political Science · doi:10.1111/ajps.12338 · Cited by 68 · see citing works

Strategies of Election Rigging: Trade-Offs, Determinants, and Consequences

Luo, Z., & Rozenas, A. (2018) · Quarterly Journal of Political Science · doi:10.1561/100.00016095 · Cited by 55 · see citing works

Dynamics of Campaign Reporting and Press-Party Parallelism: Rise of Competitive Authoritarianism and the Media System in Turkey

Yıldırım, K., Baruh, L., & Çarkoğlu, A. (2020) · Political Communication · doi:10.1080/10584609.2020.1765913 · Cited by 54 · see citing works

How Propaganda Works in the Digital Era: Soft News as a Gateway

Zhu, Y., & Fu, K. (2023) · Digital Journalism · doi:10.1080/21670811.2022.2156366 · Cited by 47 · see citing works

Social Image, Networks, and Protest ParticipationPreprint

Сергеевич, Е. Р., Makarin, A., & Petrova, M. (2017) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.2940171 · Cited by 45 · see citing works

Urban citizenship under post-Soviet conditions: Grassroots struggles of residents in contemporary Moscow

Fröhlich, C. (2019) · Journal of Urban Affairs · doi:10.1080/07352166.2019.1617035 · Cited by 42 · see citing works

How Modern Dictators Survive: An Informational Theory of the New AuthoritarianismPreprint

Guriev, S. M., & Treisman, D. (2015) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.2571905 · Cited by 18 · see citing works

News reception and authoritarian control in a hybrid media system: Russian TV viewers and the Russia-Ukraine conflict

Alyukov, M. (2021) · Politics · doi:10.1177/02633957211041440 · Cited by 29 · see citing works

Cyber Operations and Gray Zones: Challenges for NATO

Фиттон, О. (2016) · Connections The Quarterly Journal · doi:10.11610/connections.15.2.08 · Cited by 28 · see citing works

Nostalgia as a Feature of "Glocalization": Use of the Past in Post-Soviet Russia

Lee, M. (2011) · Post-Soviet Affairs · doi:10.2747/1060-586x.27.2.158 · Cited by 26 · see citing works

A Brain Drain in Russian Agriculture? Migration Sentiments among Skilled Russian Rural Youth

Kvartiuk, V., Petrick, M., Bavorová, M., Bednaříková, Z., & Владимировна, П. Е. (2020) · Europe Asia Studies · doi:10.1080/09668136.2020.1730305 · Cited by 23 · see citing works

Mass Media Consumption in Post-Soviet Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan: The View from Below

Junisbai, B., Junisbai, A. K., & Fry, N. Y. (2015) · Project Muse (Johns Hopkins University) · Cited by 22 · see citing works

Rethinking Propaganda: How State Media Build Trust through Belief Affirmation

Шириков, А. (2024) · The Journal of Politics · doi:10.1086/729941 · Cited by 20 · see citing works

Linking Public Opinion and Foreign Policy in Russia

Ивановна, Е. А., & Strebkov, D. (2020) · The International Spectator · doi:10.1080/03932729.2019.1700040 · Cited by 17 · see citing works

Nationalism in the Russian media: content analysis of newspaper coverage surrounding conflict in Stavropol, 24 May–7 June 2007

Schenk, C. (2012) · Nationalities Papers · doi:10.1080/00905992.2012.705271 · Cited by 17 · see citing works

The place of Russia’s political regime (2003–2023) on a conceptual map of the world’s autocracies

Golosov, G. V. (2023) · Social Science Information · doi:10.1177/05390184231207597 · Cited by 16 · see citing works

Narratives of conflict: Russian media’s evolving treatment of Ukraine (2013–2022)

Locoman, E., & Lau, R. R. (2024) · Media War & Conflict · doi:10.1177/17506352241257053 · Cited by 16 · see citing works

The Russian Ultranationalist Movement on the Internet: Actors, Communities, and Organization of Joint Actions

Zuev, D. (2011) · Post-Soviet Affairs · doi:10.2747/1060-586x.27.2.121 · Cited by 16 · see citing works

‘Better one tiger than ten thousand rabid rats’: Russian media coverage of the Syrian conflict

Brown, J. D. J. (2014) · International Politics · doi:10.1057/ip.2013.45 · Cited by 16 · see citing works

The Dictator's Dilemma: A Theory of Propaganda and RepressionPreprint

Gitmez, A. A., & Сонин, К. И. (2023) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.4451613 · Cited by 17 · see citing works

Do Political Blogs Matter? Corruption in State-Controlled Companies, Blog Postings, and DDoS AttacksPreprint

Enikolopov, R., Petrova, M., & Sonin, K. (2012) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.2153378 · Cited by 8 · see citing works

Public Opinion Formation and Group Identity: The Politics of National Identity Salience in Post-Crimea Russia

Sharafutdinova, G. (2020) · Problems of Post-Communism · doi:10.1080/10758216.2020.1829975 · Cited by 14 · see citing works

Social Media and Press Freedom

Koçak, K., & Kıbrıs, Ö. (2022) · British Journal of Political Science · doi:10.1017/s0007123421000594 · Cited by 12 · see citing works

Vilnius memoryscape

Moore, I. (2019) · Linguistic Landscape An international journal · doi:10.1075/ll.18022.moo · Cited by 12 · see citing works

How Russian Soft Power Fails in Estonia: Or, Why the Russophone Minorities Remain Quiescent

Nielsen, K. L., & Pääbo, H. (2015) · Journal on Baltic Security./Journal on Baltic security · doi:10.1515/jobs-2016-0023 · Cited by 11 · see citing works

Popular Dictatorships

Matovski, A. (2021) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781009047500 · Cited by 67 · see citing works

Presidential Elections 2018: The Struggle of Putin and Navalny for a Media Agenda

Kazun, A., & Semykina, K. (2018) · Problems of Post-Communism · doi:10.1080/10758216.2019.1685893 · Cited by 10 · see citing works

To cover or not to cover: Alexei Navalny in Russian media

Kazun, A. (2019) · International Area Studies Review · doi:10.1177/2233865919846727 · Cited by 10 · see citing works

Presidential Rhetoric and Nationalism: Evidence from Russia and Ukraine

Kasianenko, N. (2020) · Nationalities Papers · doi:10.1017/nps.2019.130 · Cited by 8 · see citing works

Predicting Protests and Riots in Urban Environments With Satellite Imagery and Deep Learning

Warnke, S., & Runfola, D. M. (2024) · Transactions in GIS · doi:10.1111/tgis.13236 · Cited by 8 · see citing works

Informal Practices of Big Business in the Post-Soviet Period: From Oligarchs to "Kings of State Orders"

Барсукова, С. (2019) · Project Muse (Johns Hopkins University) · Cited by 8 · see citing works

The Great Gameand the evolving nature of political talk shows on Russian television

Knobel, B. (2020) · Post-Soviet Affairs · doi:10.1080/1060586x.2020.1772664 · Cited by 8 · see citing works

Agenda-Setting in Russian MediaPreprint

Kazun, A. (2017) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.3032920 · Cited by 8 · see citing works

Russia’s Response to COVID-19: Leveraging Pre-Pandemic Data to Theorize about Public Approval

Sokhey, S. W. (2021) · Problems of Post-Communism · doi:10.1080/10758216.2021.1939717 · Cited by 7 · see citing works

Questioning Putin’s Popularity

Wilson, K., & Lee, J. (2018) · Problems of Post-Communism · doi:10.1080/10758216.2018.1541751 · Cited by 7 · see citing works

И не друг, и не враг: Дональд Трамп в российских СМИ

Kazun, A., & Казун, А. П. (2019) · Полис Политические исследования · doi:10.17976/jpps/2019.01.07 · Cited by 6 · see citing works

Coverage of Three Tragedies in the Russian Media: Application of the Network Agenda ModelPreprint

Kazun, A., & Казун, А. П. (2017) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.3017195 · Cited by 6 · see citing works

Dezinformacja jako element wojny informacyjnej Federacji Rosyjskiej – założenia i efektywność

Legucka, A. (2021) · Sprawy Międzynarodowe · doi:10.35757/sm.2020.73.4.06 · Cited by 5 · see citing works

The Russian Media

Gehlbach, S. G., Lokot, T., & Шириков, А. (2022) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781009165921.021 · Cited by 4 · see citing works

COVER OR IGNORE? ALEXEI NAVALNY IN RUSSIAN MEDI

Дмитриевна, К. А. (2018) · The Journal of Political Theory Political Philosophy and Sociology of Politics Politeia · doi:10.30570/2078-5089-2018-88-1-47-64 · Cited by 4 · see citing works

Trump, Mueller Investigation, and Alleged Russian Election Meddling: Russian Media Coverage in 2017-2019

Gavra, D. P., & Slutskiy, P. (2020) · American Behavioral Scientist · doi:10.1177/0002764220978455 · Cited by 4 · see citing works

Media Coverage of Labor Migrants in Russia during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Ruget, V., & Usmanalieva, B. (2021) · Problems of Post-Communism · doi:10.1080/10758216.2021.1940207 · Cited by 4 · see citing works

The Populist Name Game: About Populism and Naming

Kidron, U., & Ish-Shalom, P. (2024) · Political Studies Review · doi:10.1177/14789299241242259 · Cited by 3 · see citing works

Market-Oriented Reforms as a Tool of State-Building: Russian Pension Reform in 2001

Sokhey, S. W. (2015) · Europe Asia Studies · doi:10.1080/09668136.2015.1045453 · Cited by 3 · see citing works

Why Is Media Trust Low in Post-Communist Countries?

Шириков, А. (2024) · Problems of Post-Communism · doi:10.1080/10758216.2024.2310637 · Cited by 3 · see citing works

Yesterday’s heroes, today’s villains: Ideology, corruption, and democratic performance

Gingerich, D. (2013) · Journal of Theoretical Politics · doi:10.1177/0951629813495120 · Cited by 3 · see citing works

How State-Controlled Media Can Set the Agenda on the Internet: Coverage of Three Tragedies on Different Types of Russian Media

Kazun, A., & Казун, А. П. (2019) · Project Muse (Johns Hopkins University) · Cited by 3 · see citing works

The Philosophy of Sovereignty, Human Rights, and Democracy in RussiaPreprint

Antonov, M. V. (2013) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.2309369 · Cited by 3 · see citing works

Who Trusts State-Run Media? Polarized Perceptions of News Credibility in Non-DemocraciesPreprint

Шириков, А. (2020) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.3686299 · Cited by 3 · see citing works

Patriotic education in Russia: will it achieve loyalty?

Fominykh, I., Kozlov, V., Romanov, D., & Rosenberg, D. Y. (2026) · Post-Soviet Affairs · doi:10.1080/1060586x.2026.2643798 · Cited by 2 · see citing works

Analysing Russian Reaction to 2021 U.S. Capitol Riots

Slutskiy, P., & Gavra, D. P. (2022) · American Behavioral Scientist · doi:10.1177/00027642221078767 · Cited by 2 · see citing works

A Friend Who Was Supposed to Lose: How Donald Trump Was Portrayed in the Russian Media?Preprint

Kazun, A., & Казун, А. П. (2017) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.3070265 · Cited by 2 · see citing works

The Russian media under Putin and Medvedev: Controlled media in an authoritarian system

Hopstad, B. (2011) · BIBSYS Brage (BIBSYS (Norway)) · Cited by 2 · see citing works

Consequences of civilian victimisation: does pro-victimisation sponsorship affect the survival of intervening leaders?

Maekawa, W., & Inata, K. (2024) · Contemporary Politics · doi:10.1080/13569775.2024.2440216 · Cited by 1 · see citing works

Predictors of online and offline activism in hybrid regime society – Serbian study

Pedović, I., Pejičić, M., & Đorić, S. (2025) · British Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1111/bjop.12772 · Cited by 1 · see citing works

Competition and Political Factors in the Russian Media Market During Putin’s Fourth President Term

Xuan, L. (2020) · Journal of literature and art studies · doi:10.17265/2159-5836/2020.11.017 · Cited by 1 · see citing works

Digital Nationalisms: Identity, Strategic Communication, and Global Internet Governance

Budnitsky, S. (2018) · doi:10.22215/etd/2018-13264 · Cited by 1 · see citing works

Popular Propaganda: Audience Preferences for State and Independent Media in an Informational AutocracyPreprint

Blum, A. (2024) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.4672426 · Cited by 1 · see citing works

Viewpoints in Russian Media during the Putin Era

Evans, W. (2012)

Electoral Authoritarianism in Putin's Russia

Moriarty, C. E. (2013)

The coverage of the multi-sided war on IS in Syria by AJA and RT.

Alraee, G. (2018) · UC Research Repository (University of Canterbury) · doi:10.26021/4069

GOVERNMENT-OWNED MEDIA AS A TOOL OF INFLUENCE: RESEARCH APPROACHES TO THE ROLE OF MEDIA IN MANIPULATION OF PUBLIC OPINION

Sabura, O. I. (2020) · Scientific notes of Taurida National V I Vernadsky University series Philology Social Communications · doi:10.32838/2663-6069/2020.1-4/29

The Emergence of the Illiberal State

Sajó, A. (2021) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108952996.003

Bibliography

Matovski, A. (2021) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781009047500.008

Is Russia Unique? The Strongman Heresthetic in Comparative Perspective

Matovski, A. (2021) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781009047500.006

Conclusions and Implications

Matovski, A. (2021) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781009047500.007

Crises, Popular Opinion, and the Realignment of Political Competition in Russia

Matovski, A. (2021) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781009047500.005

The Crisis Roots of Electoral Authoritarianism: A Macro-Level Analysis

Matovski, A. (2021) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781009047500.003

A “Perfect Dictatorship?” The Puzzle of Electoral Authoritarianism

Matovski, A. (2021) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781009047500.001

Crises, Popular Opinion, and Electoral Authoritarianism

Matovski, A. (2021) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781009047500.002

The “Strongman” Electoral Authoritarian Appeal: A Comparative Analysis

Matovski, A. (2021) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781009047500.004

Observability Obstructs Motivated Reasoning in AutocracyPreprint

Сироткина, Е. (2022) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.4050130

Index

Matovski, A. (2021) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781009047500.009

The Relationship Between Understanding of Democracy and Political Participation in Russia Under Putin’s Non-democratic Regime

Li, O. (2024) · International Journal of Politics Culture and Society · doi:10.1007/s10767-024-09468-3

Mobilization Momentum and Electoral Results of “Party in Power”

Семенов, А. В., & Минаева, Э. Ю. (2024) · The Journal of Political Theory Political Philosophy and Sociology of Politics Politeia · doi:10.30570/2078-5089-2024-112-1-77-97

When the party line changes: state media, immigration, and public opinion in Russia

Overstreet, J. M., Jin, O. S., Pyle, W., & Sargent, K. (2025) · Post-Soviet Affairs · doi:10.1080/1060586x.2025.2553070

Trump in Russian Pro-Government Media: Analyzing Narratives and Metaphors in 2024 U.S. Presidential Election Coverage

Slutskiy, P., & Gavra, D. P. (2025) · American Behavioral Scientist · doi:10.1177/00027642251405617

La stratégie d’influence informationnelle de la Russie : acteurs, pratiques et circulation

Gérard, C. (2023) · doi:10.70675/0885c3c6z0b7cz477czadf5z17475a5a330d

The Dominance of Digital Media Communications in Election Campaigns

Yefanov, A. A., & Tomin, V. V. (2026) · Communication Strategies in Digital Society Seminar (ComSDS) · doi:10.1109/comsds69583.2026.11493807

Politics and Society

(2026) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781009690256.016

The Russian Media

Lokot, T., Шириков, А., & Brankova, A. (2026) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781009690256.018

THE EMPIRE OF LIE: MEDIA-CONTROL AS A PILLAR OF PUTIN’S AUTHORITARIAN REGIME

Гісем, І. І. (2025) · Baltic Journal of Legal and Social Sciences · doi:10.30525/2592-8813-2025-1-13

Putin and the Media

McFaul, M. A., & Lipman, M. (2003) · Cited by 14 · see citing works

Television and Presidential Power in Putin's Russia

Burrett, T. (2010) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203835593 · Cited by 31 · see citing works

Russia's Nongovernmental Media under Assault

Lipman, M. (2014) · Demokratizatsiya The Journal of Post-Soviet Democratization · Cited by 20 · see citing works

Prensa : Rusa, Putin contra la prensa.

Sorrosa, R. (2003) · LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas)