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A Friendly Dog as Potential Moderator of Cardiovascular Response to Speech in Older Hypertensives
Abstract
As the population ages and obesity increases, the number of older adult hypertensives is rising dramatically. Uncontrolled hypertension (HTN) increases, and reducing blood pressure (BP), lowers cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, and renal morbidity and mortality. Cardiovascular reactivity, defined as exaggerated cardiovascular responses to various stressors, is associated with the development and progression of HTN and associated morbidity and mortality. Speaking is a social stressor, occurring frequently in daily life, that is accompanied by significant surges in BP. The current project was designed as a preliminary study to evaluate whether friendly dogs may be an effective intervention for moderating cardiovascular stress responses in older adult hypertensives. Cognitively intact, community-living older adults (n = 11) with resting BPs in the pre- to mild hypertensive range (120–150/80–100 mmHg) participated in the study. The quiet-talk-quiet (QTQ) protocol was used to assess BP responses to speaking. The QTQ protocol, consisting of sitting silently for two minutes, talking for two minutes, and sitting silently for two minutes was repeated twice, once with an unfamiliar, friendly dog in the room, once without the dog. The dog was randomly assigned to be present either for the first or the second QTQ. An ANOVA or ANCOVA with repeated measures three-way interaction between dog presence (dog in, dog not in), activity (quiet, talk), and order (dog in first, no dog in first) was…
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In a study of 11 community-dwelling older individuals with hypertension, participants who spoke in the presence of a dog had a significantly lower diastolic blood pressure (mean difference = 12.8 mmHg, P = 0.006) than in the absence of the dog.
“Participants who spoke in the presence of a dog had a significantly lower diastolic blood pressure (mean difference = 12.8 mmHg, P = 0.006) than in the absence of the dog.”
From The Benefit of Pets and Animal-Assisted Therapy to the Health of Older Individuals (2014) · cites this paper as [35]
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Friedmann, E., & Son, H. (2009) · Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice · doi:10.1016/j.cvsm.2008.10.015 · Cited by 299
Self-citationThe Benefit of Pets and Animal-Assisted Therapy to the Health of Older Individuals
Cherniack, E. P., & Cherniack, A. R. (2014) · Current Gerontology and Geriatrics Research · doi:10.1155/2014/623203 · Cited by 159
Metadata
- Authors
- Friedmann, E., Thomas, S. A., Cook, L. K., Tsai, C.-C., & Picot, S. J.
- Affiliations
- University of Maryland, Baltimore (US)
- Corresponding author
- Friedmann, Erika
- Venue
- Anthrozoös
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2007-03
- Volume
- 20
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 51-63
- ISSN
- 0892-7936 (ISSN-L)
- 1753-0377
- OpenAlex
- W2027250496
- Cited by
- 87
- References
- 7
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 5.72
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Anthrozoös (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Flinders University
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Animal Science and Zoology › Human-Animal Interaction Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control
- Keywords
- dogs, cardiovascular reactivity, speech stress, blood pressure response, hypertension, older adults, social stress, animal-assisted interventions, diastolic blood pressure
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