The Benefit of Pets and Animal-Assisted Therapy to the Health of Older Individuals
Open accessAbstract
Many studies utilizing dogs, cats, birds, fish, and robotic simulations of animals have tried to ascertain the health benefits of pet ownership or animal-assisted therapy in the elderly. Several small unblinded investigations outlined improvements in behavior in demented persons given treatment in the presence of animals. Studies piloting the use of animals in the treatment of depression and schizophrenia have yielded mixed results. Animals may provide intangible benefits to the mental health of older persons, such as relief social isolation and boredom, but these have not been formally studied. Several investigations of the effect of pets on physical health suggest animals can lower blood pressure, and dog walkers partake in more physical activity. Dog walking, in epidemiological studies and few preliminary trials, is associated with lower complication risk among patients with cardiovascular disease. Pets may also have harms: they may be expensive to care for, and their owners are more likely to fall. Theoretically, zoonotic infections and bites can occur, but how often this occurs in the context of pet ownership or animal-assisted therapy is unknown. Despite the poor methodological quality of pet research after decades of study, pet ownership and animal-assisted therapy are likely to continue due to positive subjective feelings many people have toward animals.
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- Authors
- Cherniack, E. P., & Cherniack, A. R.
- Affiliations
- University of Miami (US)
- Sha’arei Bina TAG, 1557 NE 164 Street, North Miami Beach, FL 33162, USA
- Corresponding author
- Cherniack, E. Paul
- ORCID
- Cherniack, E. Paul
- Venue
- Current Gerontology and Geriatrics Research
- Publisher
- Hindawi Limited
- Published
- 2014
- Volume
- 2014
- Pages
- 1-9
- ISSN
- 1687-7063 (ISSN-L)
- 1687-7071
- PMC
- PMC4248608
- OpenAlex
- W2025275284
- Cited by
- 159
- References
- 68
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 18 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 24 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 22 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 5
- FWCI
- 1.59
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Locations
- Current Gerontology and Geriatrics Research (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Human-Animal Interaction Studies
- Health Sciences › Veterinary › Small Animals › Animal Behavior and Welfare Studies
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Urban Green Space and Health
- Keywords
- pet ownership, animal-assisted therapy, older adults, dementia, depression, schizophrenia, social isolation, blood pressure, dog walking, cardiovascular disease, falls, zoonoses, animal bites, mental health, physical health
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