The DOI matches its Crossref record; 102 of the 102 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Literacy and Learning Out of School: A Review of Theory and Research
Abstract
In this article we review research on literacy in out-of-school settings. Our first purpose is to identify the conceptual advances in theories of literacy that have arisen from non-school-based research and to trace their evolution. We are especially interested in clarifying the historical roots of current theories. A second purpose is to highlight recent research on literacy in out-of-school settings that exemplifies the range and dimensions of current work. Finally, we call for an examination of the relationships between school and nonschool contexts as a new direction for theory and research. We ask, How can research on literacy and out-of-school learning help us to think anew about literacy teaching and learning across a range of contexts, including school?
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Outline of a Theory of Practice
Bourdieu, P. (1977) · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511812507 · Cited by 27,606
Vygotsky, L. S. (1964) · Bulletin of the Orton Society · doi:10.1007/bf02928399 · Cited by 20,704
Outline of a Theory of Practice.
Frank, A. W., & Bourdieu, P. (1980) · Contemporary Sociology · doi:10.2307/2066038 · Cited by 14,545
Central Problems in Social Theory: Action, structure and contradiction in social analysis
Giddens, A. (1979) · Bloomsbury Publishing Plc eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-349-16161-4 · Cited by 7,939
(1972) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 5,727
A Pedagogy of Multiliteracies: Designing Social Futures
The New London Group (1996) · Harvard Educational Review · doi:10.17763/haer.66.1.17370n67v22j160u · Cited by 5,551
Cognition in Practice: Mind, Mathematics and Culture in Everyday Life
Lave, J. (1988) · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511609268 · Cited by 5,148
Ways with Words: Language, life, and work in communities and classrooms
Heath, S. B. (1983) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511841057 · Cited by 5,009
Learning by Expanding: An Activity-Theoretical Approach to Developmental Research
Engeström, Y. (2014) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9781139814744 · Cited by 4,991
Central Problems in Social Theory: Action, Structure and Contradiction in Social Analysis.
Parsons, H. L., & Giddens, A. (1980) · Philosophy and Phenomenological Research · doi:10.2307/2107414 · Cited by 4,926
Cited by
Interest and Self-Sustained Learning as Catalysts of Development: A Learning Ecology Perspective
Barron, B. (2006) · Human Development · doi:10.1159/000094368 · Cited by 964
Changing How Writing Is Taught
Graham, S. (2019) · Review of Research in Education · doi:10.3102/0091732x18821125 · Cited by 502
Ahn, J. (2011) · Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology · doi:10.1002/asi.21540 · Cited by 356
Lam, W. S. E., & Warriner, D. S. (2012) · Reading Research Quarterly · doi:10.1002/rrq.016 · Cited by 248
Being participated: a community approach
Winschiers-Theophilus, H., Chivuno-Kuria, S., Kapuire, G. K., Bidwell, N. J., & Blake, E. (2010) · Proceedings of the 11th Biennial Participatory Design Conference · doi:10.1145/1900441.1900443 · Cited by 185
Metadata
- Authors
- Hull, G., & Schultz, K.
- Venue
- Review of Educational Research
- Published
- 2001-12
- Volume
- 71
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 575-611
- ISSN
- 0034-6543 (ISSN-L)
- 1935-1046
- OpenAlex
- W2153385669
- Cited by
- 472
- References
- 102
- FWCI
- 191.27
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Literacy and Learning Out of School: A Review of Theory and Research. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.3102/00346543071004575
- The paper
- Hull, G., & Schultz, K. (2001). Literacy and Learning Out of School: A Review of Theory and Research. Review of Educational Research. https://doi.org/10.3102/00346543071004575
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.