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Studies on the Chronic Toxicity (Inhalation) Of Four Types of Refractory Ceramic Fiber in Male Fischer 344 Rats
Abstract
Refractory ceramic fibers (RCF) are man-made vitreous fibers used primarily in industrial high-temperature applications, especially for insulation of furnaces and kilns. Because of their increasing use and potential for human exposure, a chronic toxicity/carcinogenicity inhalation study was conducted in Fischer 344 (F344) rats. Five groups of 140 weanling male F344 rats were exposed via noseonly inhalation to either HEPA-filtered air (chamber controls) or 30 mg/m(3) (approximately 220 fibers/cm(3)) of three types [kaolin-based, high-purity, and aluminum zirconia silica (AZS)] of "size-selected" RCF fibers (approximately 1µ in diameter and approximately 20 um in length) and an "after-service" heat-treated (2400°F for 24 h) kaolin-based fiber for 6 h/day, 5 days/wk for 24 mo. They were then held unexposed until approximately 20% survival and then sacrificed at 30 mo. A positive control group of 80 F344 rats was exposed to 10 mg/m(3) chrysotile asbestos. Croups of 3-6 animals were sacrificed at 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, and 24 mo to follow the progression of lesions and to determine fiber lung burdens. Additional groups of 3 rats were removed from exposure at 3, 6, 9, 12, and 18 mo and were held until sacrificed at 24 mo (recovery groups) for similar determinations. Lung burdens increased rapidly for all RCFs, appearing to plateau by about 12 mo. By 24 mo, lung burdens ranged from 2.6 to 9.6 × 10(5) fiberslmg of dry lung tissue for the RCFs tested. Treatment-related lesions were rest…
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“With chrysotile, the retention of WHO fibers was lower than that of fibers < 5 μm and fibers of any length, or showed a low value [86,101,102] suggesting a better clearance of WHO fibers.”
From Quantification of short and long asbestos fibers to assess asbestos exposure: A review of fiber size toxicity (2014) · cites this paper as [102]
In the citing paper
“However, these samples consisted of short fibers (arithmetic mean length: 1.2 μm and 2.2 μm respectively [86,102]), and no fiber > 20 μm length [86,102,103] , then the fate of LAF versus SAF was not assessed.”
From Quantification of short and long asbestos fibers to assess asbestos exposure: A review of fiber size toxicity (2014) · cites this paper as [102]
In the citing paper
“In conclusion, the analysis of 5 publications related to nose-only exposure of amphiboles in rats, demonstrated a lower biopersistence of SAF than LAF [102,112-114,116], in agreement with other results using long-term inhalation exposure.”
From Quantification of short and long asbestos fibers to assess asbestos exposure: A review of fiber size toxicity (2014) · cites this paper as [102]
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Boulanger, G., Andujar, P., Pairon, J.-C., Billon-Galland, M.-A., Dion, C., Dumortier, P., Brochard, P., Sobaszek, A., Bartsch, P., Paris, C., et al. (2014) · Environmental Health · doi:10.1186/1476-069x-13-59 · Cited by 176
Health risk of chrysotile revisited
Bernstein, D., Dunnigan, J., Hesterberg, T., Brown, R., Velasco, J. A. L., Barrera, R., Hoskins, J., & Gibbs, A. (2013) · Critical Reviews in Toxicology · doi:10.3109/10408444.2012.756454 · Cited by 172
Self-citationRole of Mutagenicity in Asbestos Fiber-Induced Carcinogenicity and Other Diseases
Huang, S. X. L., Jaurand, M.-C., Kamp, D. W., Whysner, J., & Hei, T. K. (2011) · Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part B · doi:10.1080/10937404.2011.556051 · Cited by 163
The biopersistence of brazilian chrysotile asbestos following inhalation
Bernstein, D. M., Rogers, R., & Smith, P. (2004) · Inhalation Toxicology · doi:10.1080/08958370490490176 · Cited by 84
Self-citationSynthetic vitreous fibers: A review toxicology, epidemiology and regulations
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Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Mast, R. W., McConnell, E. E., Anderson, R., Chevalier, J., Kotin, P., Bernstein, D. M., Thevenaz, P., Glass, L. R., Miiller, W. C., & Hesterberg, T. W.
- Venue
- Inhalation Toxicology
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 1995-01
- Volume
- 7
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 425-467
- ISSN
- 0895-8378
- 1091-7691
- Cited by
- 95
- References
- 0
- Language
- en
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- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Studies on the Chronic Toxicity (Inhalation) Of Four Types of Refractory Ceramic Fiber in Male Fischer 344 Rats. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.3109/08958379509015208
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- Mast, R. W., McConnell, E. E., Anderson, R., Chevalier, J., Kotin, P., Bernstein, D. M., Thevenaz, P., Glass, L. R., Miiller, W. C., & Hesterberg, T. W. (1995). Studies on the Chronic Toxicity (Inhalation) Of Four Types of Refractory Ceramic Fiber in Male Fischer 344 Rats. Inhalation Toxicology. https://doi.org/10.3109/08958379509015208