Effects of functional electrical stimulation on trunk control in children with diplegic cerebral palsy
Abstract
PURPOSE: This study aimed to investigate the efficiency of FES application on the abdomen-posterior back muscles in children with CP that were enrolled into physical therapy and rehabilitation (PTR) program. METHOD: The study included 55 spastic diplegic children that were hospitalized for rehabilitation. Those with deformities that could disrupt the balance in sitting and cause problems in evaluations were excluded. The patients were randomly divided into two equal groups according to their time of presentation. Thirty-two children completed the study. The control group received PTR program only for 4 weeks. The children in the FES group received PTR in addition to electrical stimulation. Electrical stimulation was applied 5 days a week for 4 weeks to abdomen-posterior back muscles in 30-minute-long sessions. To evaluate the balance in sitting, sitting score of gross motor function measurement (GMFM) and to evaluate the trunk asymmetry in sitting, radiographic measurements were used. Thus, kyphosis, Cobb and sacral angles were measured. RESULTS: The comparisons of the measurements of the two groups before and after the treatment showed that the GMFM sitting score and the sacral angle were statistically significantly increased, and the kyphotic and Cobb angles were statistically significantly decreased. After the treatment, both groups demonstrated an increase in the GMFM score, but the increase in the FES group was statistically significantly higher than that in the control group. With respect to radiological measurements, the changes observed in both the kyphotic and Cobb angles after the treatment were statistically significantly higher in the FES group than in the control group. The rates of the changes in the sacral angle did not differ among the groups. CONCLUSION: We believe to provide balance in sitting for children with CP, FES applied on abdomen-back muscles along with conventional therapy to maintain trunk control is more effective than conventional therapy alone.
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No discomfort was reported by children receiving FES.
“No discomfort was reported by children receiving FES (see Table SIV). 42”
From Exercise interventions improve postural control in children with cerebral palsy: a systematic review (2015) · cites this paper as [42]
Two studies, both evidence level II, applied FES to abdominal and lumbar muscles simultaneously with the aim of improving muscle strength and function.
“Two studies, 41,42 both evidence level II (Table I), applied FES to abdominal and lumbar muscles simultaneously, with the aim of improving muscle strength and function.”
From Exercise interventions improve postural control in children with cerebral palsy: a systematic review (2015) · cites this paper as [42]
FES, along with rehabilitation, improved postural alignment (BF&S) to a greater extent than rehabilitation alone (evidence level II, conduct weak).
“FES, along with rehabilitation, improved postural alignment (BF&S) to a greater extent than rehabilitation alone (evidence level II, conduct weak; see Table SIIIa). 41,42”
From Exercise interventions improve postural control in children with cerebral palsy: a systematic review (2015) · cites this paper as [42]
An unspecified dose of NDT alone or NDT combined with conventional rehabilitation treatments improved postural alignment over 6 weeks in children with spastic diplegia, aged between 8 months and 10 years.
“An unspecified dose of NDT alone, 41 or NDT ('based on the Bobath technique') combined with 'conventional rehabilitation' treatments (i.e. joint mobility, muscle strengthening, and mobility activities), 42 improved postural alignment (BF&S, two of level II, conduct weak; see Table SIIIa) over 6 weeks in children with spastic diplegia, aged between 8 months and 10 years. 41,42”
From Exercise interventions improve postural control in children with cerebral palsy: a systematic review (2015) · cites this paper as [42]
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- Authors
- Karabay, İ., Dogan, A., Arslan, M. D., Dost, G., & Ozgirgin, N.
- Affiliations
- Ankara Fizik Tedavi ve Rehabilitasyon Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi (TR)
- Corresponding author
- Karabay, İlkay
- ORCID
- Karabay, İlkay
- Venue
- Disability and Rehabilitation
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2011-12-09
- Volume
- 34
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 965-970
- ISSN
- 0963-8288 (ISSN-L)
- 1464-5165
- OpenAlex
- W2082410164
- Cited by
- 42
- References
- 28
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 2
- FWCI
- 0.87
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Disability and Rehabilitation (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Cerebral Palsy and Movement Disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Botulinum Toxin and Related Neurological Disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Rehabilitation › Stroke Rehabilitation and Recovery
- Keywords
- functional electrical stimulation, spastic diplegia, trunk control, trunk asymmetry, sitting balance, spasticity, abdominal muscles, kyphosis, Cobb angle, Gross Motor Function Measure, physical therapy and rehabilitation, children
- MeSH terms
- Abdominal Muscles, Cerebral Palsy, Child, Child, Preschool, Electric Stimulation Therapy, Female, Humans, Male, Posture, Treatment Outcome, Gait Disorders, Neurologic
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