The DOI matches its Crossref record; 98 of the 98 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Hormetic mechanisms
Abstract
This article provides the first extensive documentation of mechanisms of hormetic dose/concentration responses. The mechanisms selected were principally those mediated via receptor and/or cell signaling pathways. Mechanisms are reported for greater than 100 agents affecting nearly 400 dose/concentration responses from a wide range of chemical classes, affecting a broad range of cell types and endpoints. Regardless of the model (i.e. in vitro or in vivo), inducing agent, endpoint, or receptor/cell signaling pathway mediated mechanism, the quantitative features of the hormetic dose/concentration responses are similar, suggesting that the magnitude of the response is a measure of biological plasticity, within a broad range of biological contexts. These findings represent an important advance in the understanding of the hormetic dose/concentration response, its generalizability and potential biomedical applications, including drug discovery/efficacy assessment and the risk assessment process.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Mattson, M. P. (2008) · Ageing Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.arr.2007.08.007 · Cited by 1,253
Calabrese, E. J., & Baldwin, L. A. (2002) · Human & Experimental Toxicology · doi:10.1191/0960327102ht217oa · Cited by 752
Self-citationPicomolar Amyloid-β Positively Modulates Synaptic Plasticity and Memory in Hippocampus
Puzzo, D., Privitera, L., Leznik, E., Fà, M., Staniszewski, A., Palmeri, A., & Arancio, O. (2008) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.2692-08.2008 · Cited by 740
Hormesis: Why it is important to toxicology and toxicologists
Calabrese, E. J. (2008) · Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry · doi:10.1897/07-541.1 · Cited by 730
Self-citationHormesis — The stimulation of growth by low levels of inhibitors
Stebbing, A. R. D. (1982) · Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/0048-9697(82)90066-3 · Cited by 714
Cytoprotective effects of nitrite during in vivo ischemia-reperfusion of the heart and liver
Duranski, M. R., Greer, J. J. M., Dejam, A., Jaganmohan, S., Hogg, N., Langston, W., Patel, R. P., Yet, S.-F., Wang, X., Kevil, C. G., et al. (2005) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci22493 · Cited by 674 · cited 2×
“While the strong majority of the hormetic mechanism studies are performed within an in vitro system, some experiments employed whole animals (Boccia et al., 1998; Duranski et al., 2005; Homayoun et al., 2002; Houshmand et al., 2009; Kawabata et al., 1994; Kelly et al., 2010; Kim et al., 2008; Ogura et al., 2009; Roger…”
BackgroundCALABRESE, E., & BLAIN, R. (2005) · Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.taap.2004.06.023 · Cited by 557
Self-citationHormesis: U-shaped dose responses and their centrality in toxicology
Calabrese, E. J., & Baldwin, L. A. (2001) · Trends in Pharmacological Sciences · doi:10.1016/s0165-6147(00)01719-3 · Cited by 458
Self-citationThe Frequency of U-Shaped Dose Responses in the Toxicological Literature
Calabrese, E. J. (2001) · Toxicological Sciences · doi:10.1093/toxsci/62.2.330 · Cited by 436
Self-citationCalabrese, E. J., & Blain, R. B. (2009) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2008.07.028 · Cited by 429
Self-citation
Cited by
Health effects and toxicity mechanisms of rare earth elements—Knowledge gaps and research prospects
Pagano, G., Guida, M., Tommasi, F., & Oral, R. (2015) · Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety · doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2015.01.030 · Cited by 590
How does hormesis impact biology, toxicology, and medicine?
Calabrese, E. J., & Mattson, M. P. (2017) · npj Aging and Mechanisms of Disease · doi:10.1038/s41514-017-0013-z · Cited by 593
Self-citationInflammasomes, hormesis, and antioxidants in neuroinflammation: Role of NRLP3 in Alzheimer disease
Pennisi, M., Crupi, R., Di Paola, R., Ontario, M. L., Bella, R., Calabrese, E. J., Crea, R., Cuzzocrea, S., & Calabrese, V. (2017) · Journal of Neuroscience Research · doi:10.1002/jnr.23986 · Cited by 157
Current nutritional and pharmacological anti-aging interventions
Ros, M., & Carrascosa, J. M. (2020) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Basis of Disease · doi:10.1016/j.bbadis.2019.165612 · Cited by 86
Jang, D., Morgan, S. J., Klubo-Gwiezdzinska, J., Banga, J. P., Neumann, S., & Gershengorn, M. C. (2020) · Thyroid® · doi:10.1089/thy.2019.0418 · Cited by 19
Metadata
- Authors
- Calabrese, E. J.
- Venue
- Critical Reviews in Toxicology
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2013-07-23
- Volume
- 43
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 580-606
- ISSN
- 0045-6446 (ISSN-L)
- 1040-8444
- 1547-6898
- OpenAlex
- W4233403863
- Cited by
- 380
- References
- 98
- FWCI
- 21.15
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Hormetic mechanisms. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.3109/10408444.2013.808172
- The paper
- Calabrese, E. J. (2013). Hormetic mechanisms. Critical Reviews in Toxicology. https://doi.org/10.3109/10408444.2013.808172
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.