The Measurement of Intervention Effects in Developmental Phonological Disorders
Abstract
The effectiveness of speech and language therapy for developmental phonological disorders has typically been measured in terms of the diminution of the application of phonological processes. Often substantial amounts of intervention and time may be needed to show up such changes. Shorter and more clinically realistic intervention regimes can result in small but significant changes in speech production which represent positive developments in the phonological system. In order to measure progress in this sort of therapy a sensitive instrument of measurement is required. In this paper we describe a research measurement tool, the probe scoring system, which was designed to detect small changes in the child's phonological system following therapy and contrast it to some of the instruments selected for use in other efficacy studies. The potential for wider clinical application is also considered.
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In the context of phonological SSD, clinicians typically disregard non-targeted sounds and focus their attention on the targeted sounds when providing feedback in therapy.
“In the context of phonological SSD, clinicians typically disregard non‐targeted sounds and focus their attention to the targeted sounds when providing feedback in therapy (Hall et al. 1998).”
From Self‐Supervised App‐Based Speech Training for Children With Speech Sound Disorder—A Single‐Case Experimental Design Study (2026) · cites this paper as Hall et al. 1998
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Normal Acquisition of Consonant Clusters
McLeod, S. L., van Doorn, J., & Reed, V. A. (2001) · American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology · doi:10.1044/1058-0360(2001/011 · Cited by 192 · see citing works
Hesketh, A., Adams, C., Nightingale, C., & Hall, R. (2000) · International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders · doi:10.1080/136828200410618 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
Self-citationSweeney, T., Hegarty, F. J., Powell, K., Deasy, L., REGAN, M. O., & Sell, D. A. (2020) · International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders · doi:10.1111/1460-6984.12542 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
EPG therapy for children with long‐standing speech disorders: predictions and outcomes
Carter, P., & Edwards, S. (2004) · Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics · doi:10.1080/02699200410001703637 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Percent Consonant Correct as an Outcome Measure for Cleft Speech in an Intervention Study
Sell, D. A., & Sweeney, T. (2019) · Folia Phoniatrica et Logopaedica · doi:10.1159/000501095 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Outcome Measures in Developmental Speech Sound Disorders with a Motor Basis
Kearney, E., Granata, F., Yunusova, Y., Lieshout, P. H. H. M. V., Hayden, D., & Namasivayam, A. K. (2015) · Current Developmental Disorders Reports · doi:10.1007/s40474-015-0058-2 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
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Newbold, E. J., Stackhouse, J., & Wells, B. (2013) · Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics · doi:10.3109/02699206.2013.790479 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Mason, G., Bérubé, D., Bernhardt, B. M., & Stemberger, J. P. (2015) · Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics · doi:10.3109/02699206.2015.1040894 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
A model for a mainstream school-based speech and language therapy service
Wren, Y. E., Roulstone, S., Parkhouse, J., & Hall, B. J. (2001) · Child Language Teaching and Therapy · doi:10.1177/026565900101700202 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Development and Validation of a Probe Word List to Assess Speech Motor Skills in Children
Namasivayam, A. K., Huynh, A., Bali, R., Granata, F., Law, V., Rampersaud, D., Hard, J., Ward, R., Helms‐Park, R., Lieshout, P. H. H. M. V., et al. (2021) · American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology · doi:10.1044/2020_ajslp-20-00139 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Adams, C., Nightingale, C., Hesketh, A., & Hall, R. (2000) · Child Language Teaching and Therapy · doi:10.1177/026565900001600304 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Self-citationAlighieri, C., Bettens, K., Perry, J. L., Hens, G., Roche, N. A., & Lierde, K. M. V. (2023) · International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders · doi:10.1111/1460-6984.12853 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Mason, G. (2015) · cIRcle (University of British Columbia) · doi:10.14288/1.0221497 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Alighieri, C., Bettens, K., Bruneel, L., D’haeseleer, E., Gaever, E. V., & Lierde, K. M. V. (2021) · Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research · doi:10.1044/2021_jslhr-20-00628 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Strömbergsson, S., Fröjdh, M., Pettersson, M., Grósz, T., Getman, Y., & Kurimo, M. (2025) · Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics · doi:10.1080/02699206.2024.2355470 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Strömbergsson, S., Edlund, E., Pettersson, M., Phan, N., & Kurimo, M. (2026) · International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders · doi:10.1111/1460-6984.70163
“In the context of phonological SSD, clinicians typically disregard non-targeted sounds and focus their attention to the targeted sounds when providing feedback in therapy (Hall et al. 1998).”
Ultrasonographic Investigation of Cleft-type Compensatory Articulations
Radovanović, B. (2012) · TSpace (University of Toronto)
- Authors
- Hall, R., Adams, C., Hesketh, A., & Nightingale, K.
- Affiliations
- University of Manchester (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Hesketh, Anne
- Venue
- International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 1998-01
- Volume
- 33
- Issue
- S1
- Pages
- 445-450
- ISSN
- 1368-2822 (ISSN-L)
- 1460-6984
- OpenAlex
- W2132646875
- Cited by
- 17
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 1 · 2015: 3 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 2.57
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research Explorer (The University of Manchester) (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Language Development and Disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Voice and Speech Disorders
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Phonetics and Phonology Research
- Keywords
- speech therapy, intervention effectiveness, phonological processes
- MeSH terms
- Child, Child, Preschool, Humans, Phonetics, Speech Disorders, Voice Disorders, Treatment Outcome
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