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How students' self-control and smartphone-use explain their academic performance
Open accessPreprint — published as 10.1016/j.chb.2020.106624 · Paper page
Abstract
Smartphones cause self-control challenges in people’s everyday lives. Supporting this notion, our studies corroborate that trait self-control is negatively associated (1) with students’ distraction (via smartphones) during their learning endeavors (Study 1, N = 446) and (2) with several aspects of problematic smartphone-use (Study 2, N = 421). Study 3 (N = 106) investigated whether distinct aspects of smartphone-use also account for the link between students’ trait self-control and academic performance. Specifically, we examined (1) smartphone procrastination (i.e., irrational task delays via smartphone), (2) beneficial smartphone habits (placing in a bag [placement habit] or turning the sound off [setting habit]), and (3) the objective amount of smartphone-use (minutes spent on the smartphone [screentime] and times picked up [pickups]). In line with our predictions, students higher in trait self-control showed better academic performance (b = 0.22). Smartphone procrastination (b = -0.23) and placement habits (b = 0.21) were significantly associated with academic performance and both also mediated the self-control-performance-link. Our findings suggest that it is not the objective amount of smartphone-use but the effective handling of smartphones that helps students with higher trait self-control to fare better academically. Implications for future research are discussed from a self-regulatory perspective on smartphone-use.
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“Thus, personal traits (i.e., self-control and self-efficacy) help students to effectively handle smartphone use in order to achieve better academic performance [21]”
From Personal Profiles, Family Environment, Patterns of Smartphone Use, Nomophobia, and Smartphone Addiction across Low, Average, and High Perceived Academic Performance Levels among High School Students in the Philippines (2021) · cites this paper as [21]
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Rodríguez‐Ruiz, J., Marín‐López, I., & Espejo‐Siles, R. (2024) · Education and Information Technologies · doi:10.1007/s10639-024-12906-6 · Cited by 91
Revisiting the relationship between smartphone use and academic performance: A large-scale study
Lin, Y., Yong, L., Fan, W., Tuunainen, V. K., & Deng, S. (2021) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2021.106835 · Cited by 131
Problematic smartphone use and academic achievement: A systematic review and meta-analysis
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The impact of smartphone use on learning effectiveness: A case study of primary school students
Wang, J. C., Hsieh, C., & Kung, S.-H. (2022) · Education and Information Technologies · doi:10.1007/s10639-022-11430-9 · Cited by 133
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Metadata
- Authors
- Troll, E. S., Friese, M., & Loschelder, D. D.
- Affiliations
- Leuphana University of Lüneburg (DE)
- Saarland University (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Troll, Eve Sarah
- Venue
- Computers in Human Behavior
- Publisher
- Center for Open Science
- Published
- 2020-11-25
- Volume
- 117
- Pages
- 106624-106624
- ISSN
- 0747-5632 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3103416490
- Cited by
- 107
- References
- 65
- Citations by year
- 2026: 21 · 2025: 19 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 24 · 2021: 5
- FWCI
- 15.72
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- doi.org
- Locations
- Computers in Human Behavior (publishedVersion)
- Multilingual Matters (Channel View Publications) (submittedVersion)
- PsyArXiv (OSF Preprints) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- PsyArXiv (OSF Preprints) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (01PZ16001B)
- European Social Fund
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Impact of Technology on Adolescents
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management › Cyberloafing and Workplace Behavior
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Information Systems and Management › Personal Information Management and User Behavior
- Keywords
- trait self-control, smartphone use, academic performance, students, smartphone addiction, screen time, self-regulation, mediation
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