The DOI matches its Crossref record; 8 of the 8 references it cites were found in a registry or an index; 1 of the 7 sources its claims cite were checked for support.
De-duplication of database search results for systematic reviews in EndNote
Open accessAbstract
When conducting exhaustive searches for systematic reviews, information professionals search multiple databases with overlapping content [1][2][3][4].They typically remove duplicate records to reduce the reviewers' workload associated with screening titles and abstracts; sometimes the reviewers remove the duplicates.Several articles have been published recently on de-duplication methods.In the authors' opinion, these methods are either very time consuming [5] or impractical, as they require uploading large files to an online platform [6,7].A recent overview article compared existing software programs but found that none was truly satisfactory [8].Unique identifiers for journal articles are digital object identifiers (DOIs) and PubMed IDs (PMIDs).However, these identifiers are not present in every database.When they are present, they often cannot be exported easily.Thus, they cannot be relied upon to identify duplicates.An alternative involves using pagination, because the often large page numbers in scientific journals, in combination with other fields, can serve as a type of unique identifier.However, this is complicated by variations in the way page numbers are stored.Most biomedical databases use a long format (e.g.,
Overview
AI snapshot
Written from the paper’s full text.
TL;DR
This paper describes a detailed EndNote-based method for de-duplicating search results in systematic reviews, using page-number normalization and multiple field-comparison passes. The authors argue it is more systematic and reproducible than other approaches, with reduced manual checking and lower error rates, but it is tailored to EndNote and still fairly complex.
Key findings
- The method has three stages: change field/display settings, import records through a temporary library and adapted export/import filters, then run several duplicate-detection passes with different field settings and remove probable duplicates.
- The authors state that the time spent de-duplicating references and the error rate are “significantly reduced” because only a small subset of records needs manual assessment.
- The method relies on pagination because DOIs and PMIDs are not present in every database and often cannot be exported easily; the paper notes that most biomedical databases use long page-number formats (e.g., 1008-1012) while MEDLINE and the Cochrane Library use abbreviated formats (e.g., 1008-12).
- Table 1 lays out multiple duplicate-removal settings, including field combinations such as Author | Year | Title | Secondary (Journal) | Press, Delete, and other combinations involving Pages, Volume, and Issue.
Methods
- Design: A methods/tool article describing an EndNote workflow for de-duplication; the method was previously presented in a brief conference paper and is here described in detail for EndNote X7.
- Data/sample: Not an empirical sample; the paper discusses importing references from databases including PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE, and the Cochrane Library, and notes customized import filters for Embase.com, Web of Science, CINAHL, and Scopus.
- Main analysis: The workflow compares records across multiple field combinations in EndNote, after normalizing page-number formats via custom export/import filters, and uses repeated duplicate-finding steps plus manual checking of subsets to remove false duplicates.
Limitations
- The paper states the method is tuned to EndNote; it notes that Reference Manager was tried but “failed” because too many false duplicates were removed, and Reference Manager is no longer sold/support is likely discontinued.
- The paper says the method is “rather complicated” and has a “steep” learning curve. This is a limitation stated by the authors.
- Evident from the text: the method depends on databases exporting usable page numbers and journal-title formats, and the authors note that differences across databases and changes such as Cochrane’s switch to abbreviated page numbers and CINAHL’s page-length suffixes complicate the workflow.
Model-written summary. Check it against the paper before relying on it.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
11 Own interpretation · 3 Sources not found · 2 No basis given · 1 Supported so far · 1 Own result
The sources with a verdict support this claim; the rest weren’t checked yet, have no full text we could read, or their verdicts aren’t rated yet.
In the paper
“When conducting exhaustive searches for systematic reviews, information professionals search multiple databases with overlapping content [1-4].”
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites [1] 1. Levay P, Raynor M, Tuvey D. The contributions of MEDLINE, other bibliographic databases and various
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Not matchedcites [2]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [3] 3. Lorenzetti DL, Topfer LA, Dennett L, Clement F. Value of databases other than MEDLINE for rapid health technology assessments. Int J Technol Assessment Health Care. 2014;30(02):173-8. source
- Supportedcites [4] 4. Beyer FR, Wright K. Can we prioritise which databases to search? a case study using a systematic review of frozen shoulder management. Health Inf Libr J. 2013; 30(1):49-58. source
The Abstract says that comprehensive searches for systematic reviews use multiple databases and that searching and screening their results can be resource-intensive. The Comparison with previous work section describes substantial overlap in trials found across CENTRAL, MEDLINE and EMBASE. Together, these support the cited background statement. (LLM, conf=0.91)
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Not matched
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“However, when we tried our method in Reference Manager, it failed: too many false duplicates were removed.”
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
In the paper
“The only alternative software to EndNote in which the fields that are to be compared in the de-duplication process can be changed is Reference Manager, also provided by Thomson Reuters [14].”
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites [14] 14. Reference Manager. Version 12. Thomson Reuters; 2008.
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Not matched
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The limitation of this method is that it is tuned to EndNote”
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
In the paper
“Reference Manager allows comparisons by start pages.”
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites [14] 14. Reference Manager. Version 12. Thomson Reuters; 2008.
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Not matched
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Thus, they cannot be relied upon to identify duplicates.”
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Rests on an assumption: DOIs and PMIDs are not present in every database.
- Rests on an assumption: When DOIs and PMIDs are present, they often cannot be exported easily.
- Probably not a substantial claim. 10
- It may state two separate claims as one. 5
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“however, in older versions, step 2 in the third column of rows C and D in Table 1 will not work as desired because duplicate references are not highlighted.”
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“It will also work in earlier versions (versions X3 and higher)”
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“If performed frequently, librarian-mediated de-duplication services can be faster than current methods and less error prone.”
plainconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds. It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“A recent overview article compared existing software programs but found that none was truly satisfactory [8].”
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites [8]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
- Not matched
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“However, simplification of the method (e.g., by reducing the number of different field combinations or by not normalizing page numbers) increases the workload by increasing the number of references to manually assess.”
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The comparison of start page numbers in Reference Manager appears to be flawed; therefore, tailoring by our method for Reference Manager is not a good alternative.”
hedgeddirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The time spent de-duplicating references and the error rate are significantly reduced because just a small subset of the search results has to be assessed manually.”
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper may give no reason why it holds. It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The last two steps require some additional manual assessment, but screening by page numbers expedites the work, and the number of references to assess is lower than in other methods.”
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: unclear — It is unclear why the paper says it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“A requisite of this method is that for efficient deduplication, page numbers should include both a start and an end page.”
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The method described in this paper is for the most recent version of EndNote for Windows, version X7.”
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The method's strength is based on the specificity of the first two steps, which require no manual assessment.”
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Although this is not strictly necessary, it improves the sensitivity of the first step and, thus, reduces the number of references that have to be checked manually.”
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper may give no reason why it holds. It may state two separate claims as one.
The paper relies on this without support.
Information professionals typically remove duplicate records to reduce the reviewers' workload associated with screening titles and abstracts; sometimes the reviewers remove the duplicates.
“They typically remove duplicate records to reduce the reviewers' workload associated with screening titles and abstracts; sometimes the reviewers remove the duplicates.”
The paper relies on this without support.
DOIs and PMIDs are not present in every database.
“However, these identifiers are not present in every database.”
The paper relies on this without support.
When DOIs and PMIDs are present, they often cannot be exported easily.
“When they are present, they often cannot be exported easily.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Page numbers, in combination with other fields, can serve as a type of unique identifier.
“An alternative involves using pagination, because the often large page numbers in scientific journals, in combination with other fields, can serve as a type of unique identifier.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Variations in the way page numbers are stored complicate using pagination.
“However, this is complicated by variations in the way page numbers are stored.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Most biomedical databases use a long page number format (e.g., 1008-1012).
“Most biomedical databases use a long format (e.g., 1008-1012)”
The paper relies on this without support.
MEDLINE and the Cochrane Library use an abbreviated page number format (e.g., 1008-12).
“two important databases (MEDLINE and the Cochrane Library) use an abbreviated one (e.g., 1008-12).”
The paper relies on this without support.
The de-duplication method designed for EndNote is more systematic, rigorous, and reproducible than procedures regularly carried out by other information professionals.
“Although the de-duplication method that we designed for EndNote resembles procedures regularly carried out by other information professionals, it is more systematic, rigorous, and reproducible.”
The paper relies on this without support.
EndNote is commonly used to manage bibliographic records.
“however, EndNote is commonly used to manage bibliographic records.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Reference Manager is no longer for sale, and support for Reference Manager will likely be discontinued.
“Additionally, Reference Manager is no longer for sale, and support for Reference Manager will likely be discontinued.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Databases differ in the format of the exported journal titles.
“Databases also differ in the format of the exported journal titles.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Some databases use abbreviations, while others provide full journal titles.
“Some databases use abbreviations, while others provide full journal titles.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Cochrane recently switched from exporting full page numbers to abbreviated page numbers.
“Cochrane recently switched from exporting full page numbers to abbreviated page numbers”
The paper relies on this without support.
CINAHL recently appended the length of the article in the fields for page numbers (e.g., in the format 1008-1012 5p).
“CINAHL recently appended the length of the article in the fields for page numbers (e.g., in the format 1008-1012 5p).”
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“When combined with human validation, adding import filters for various databases, following specific configurations in EndNote, and considering specific order of metadata import increases sensitivity [ 12 ]”
From Reducing systematic review burden using Deduklick: a novel, automated, reliable, and explainable deduplication algorithm to foster medical research (2022) · cites this paper as [12]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“When searching in multiple databases and additional information sources, as is necessary for a systematic review, authors often employ a variety of techniques to reduce the number of duplicates within their results prior to screening [135 -138].”
From PRISMA-S: an extension to the PRISMA Statement for Reporting Literature Searches in Systematic Reviews (2021) · cites this paper as [136]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Techniques vary in their efficacy, sensitivity, and specificity (Table 2) [136, 138].”
From PRISMA-S: an extension to the PRISMA Statement for Reporting Literature Searches in Systematic Reviews (2021) · cites this paper as [136]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“The database has been cleared of duplicates using Endnote 21 through the de-duplication method detailed in Bramer et al. (2016).”
From Digital material passports in the AEC industry: a scoping review and conceptualisation of future research challenges (2025) · cites this paper as Bramer et al. (2016)
In the citing paper
“Duplicate articles were excluded by a medical information specialist (LS) using Endnote X20.4 (Clarivate™), following the Amsterdam Efficient Deduplication (AED) method and the Bramer-method (Bramer et al., 2016; Otten et al., 2019).”
From The pursuit for markers of disease progression in behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia: a scoping review to optimize outcome measures for clinical trials (2024) · cites this paper as Bramer et al., 2016
Citations
Cites
Rathbone, J., Carter, M., Hoffmann, T., & Glasziou, P. (2015) · Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1186/2046-4053-4-6 · Cited by 206
Identifying and removing duplicate records from systematic review searches
Kwon, Y., Lemieux, M., McTavish, J., & Wathen, N. (2015) · Journal of the Medical Library Association : JMLA · doi:10.3163/1536-5050.103.4.004 · Cited by 178 · cited 1×
“A recent overview article compared existing software programs but found that none was truly satisfactory [8].”
Find Duplicates among the PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library Databases in Systematic Review
Qi, X., Yang, M., Ren, W., Jia, J., Wang, J., Han, G., & Fan, D. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0071838 · Cited by 98
Beyer, F. R., & Wright, K. (2013) · Health Information & Libraries Journal · doi:10.1111/hir.12009 · Cited by 47
Rule-based deduplication of article records from bibliographic databases
Jiang, Y., Lin, C., Meng, W., Yu, C., Cohen, A. M., & Smalheiser, N. R. (2014) · Database · doi:10.1093/database/bat086 · Cited by 41 · cited 1×
“In the authors’ opinion, these methods are either very time consuming [5] or impractical, as they require uploading large files to an online platform [6, 7].”
VALUE OF DATABASES OTHER THAN MEDLINE FOR RAPID HEALTH TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENTS
Lorenzetti, D. L., Topfer, L.-A., Dennett, L., & Clement, F. (2014) · International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care · doi:10.1017/s0266462314000166 · Cited by 30
Levay, P., Raynor, M., & Tuvey, D. (2015) · Evidence Based Library and Information Practice · doi:10.18438/b82p55 · Cited by 26
Information Retrieval in Telemedicine: a Comparative Study on Bibliographic Databases
Ahmadi, M., Sarabi, R. E., Orak, R. J., & Bahaadinbeigy, K. (2015) · Acta Informatica Medica · doi:10.5455/aim.2015.23.172-176 · Cited by 8
Research works printed but not linked: 5
- [2]2. search techniques to NICE public health guidance. Evid Based Libr Inf Pract. 2015;10(1):50-68.
- [9]9. Bramer WM, Holland L, Mollema J, Hannon T, Bekhuis - T. Removing duplicates in retrieval sets from electronic databases: comparing the efficiency and accuracy of the Bramer-method with other methods and software packages. Proceedings of the 14th European Association for Health Information and Libraries (EAHIL) Conference, 57-9; Rome, Italy; 11-13 Jun 2014.
- [11]11. National Library of Medicine. PubMed [Internet]. The Library; 2016 [cited 4 Feb 2016]. , http://www.ncbi.nlm. nih.gov/pubmed/ . .
- [12]12. Ovid MEDLINE [Internet]. Wolters Kluwer; 2016 [cited 4 Feb 2016]. , http://site.ovid.com/pdf/ OvidMedline\_fs.pdf . .
- [13]13. Cochrane. Cochrane Library [Internet]. John Wiley & Sons; 2016 [cited 4 Feb 2016]. , http://www. cochranelibrary.com . .
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“Duplicated search results were removed using EndNote X9 [18].”
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“19, 20).”
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BackgroundYen, H., Yen, H., Huang, C., et al. (2023) · The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology In Practice · doi:10.1016/j.jaip.2023.07.002 · Cited by 8
Graff, C., Dounas, G. D., Todd, M. R. L. C., et al. (2023) · Children · doi:10.3390/children10121862 · Cited by 8
Kliethermes, S., Asif, I. M., Blauwet, C. A., Christensen, L., Coleman, N. J., Lavallee, M. E., Moeller, J. L., Phillips, S. F., Rao, A. L., Rizzone, K. H., et al. (2024) · British Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1136/bjsports-2023-107607 · Cited by 8
Strategies used for childhood chronic functional constipation: the SUCCESS evidence synthesis
Todhunter‐Brown, A., Booth, L., Campbell, P., Cheer, B., Cowie, J., Elders, A., Hagen, S., Jankulak, K., Mason, H., Millington, C., et al. (2024) · Health Technology Assessment · doi:10.3310/pltr9622 · Cited by 13
de Koning, K. J., Adriaansens, C. M. E. M., Noorlag, R., de Bree, R., & van Es, R. J. J. (2024) · Cancers · doi:10.3390/cancers16061148 · Cited by 9
Multifidus atrophy and/or dysfunction following lumbar radiofrequency ablation: A systematic review
Francio, V. T., Glicksman, M., Leavitt, L., Gill, B., Shah, A. S., Westerhaus, B. D., Lam, C. M., & D'Souza, R. S. (2024) · PM&R · doi:10.1002/pmrj.13202 · Cited by 9
Facciorusso, S., Malfitano, C., Giordano, M., Furia, M. J. D., Mosconi, B., Arienti, C., & Cordani, C. (2024) · Journal of Neurology · doi:10.1007/s00415-024-12715-4 · Cited by 9
“The duplicates were removed using EndNote (version 20.4.1), as described by Bramer and colleagues [26].”
InfluentialSmith, L. H., & Ruple, A. (2021) · Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine · doi:10.1638/2018-0188 · Cited by 6
“All articles recovered in the searches were stored in reference management software (EndNote).6 Duplicates were removed by using the iterative Bramer method in EndNote.6 When multiple results of the same citation were found, the citation kept was the most complete in either the English or Spanish language.”
MethodInfluentialDelameillieure, A., Vandekerkhof, S., Grootven, B. V., Wuyts, W. A., & Dobbels, F. (2021) · Respiratory Research · doi:10.1186/s12931-021-01815-8 · Cited by 7
“Procedure Records were retrieved in EndNote X9 and duplicates were removed using Bramer and colleagues’ recommendations [24].”
MethodSisk, B. A., Keenan, M., Goodman, M. S., Servin, A. E., Yaeger, L., Mack, J. W., & DuBois, J. M. (2021) · Patient Education and Counseling · doi:10.1016/j.pec.2021.12.016 · Cited by 9
Hoyt, C. R., Hurwitz, S., Varughese, T. E., et al. (2022) · Pediatric Blood & Cancer · doi:10.1002/pbc.30178 · Cited by 8
Is sibship composition a risk factor for childhood asthma? Systematic review and meta-analysis
Lisik, D., Ermiş, S. S. Ö., Ioannidou, A., Milani, G. P., Nyassi, S., Spolidoro, G. C. I., Kankaanranta, H., Goksör, E., Wennergren, G., & Nwaru, B. I. (2023) · World Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1007/s12519-023-00706-w · Cited by 8
“Deduplication was performed by DL in EndNote X9 (Clari-vate Analytics, 2020) using a method proposed by Bramer et al. [39].”
MethodFischer, C., Jakob, F. J., Kohl, M., Kast, S., von Stengel, S., Kerschan‐Schindl, K., Lange, U., Thomasius, F. E., Peters, S., Uder, M., et al. (2023) · Journal of Osteoporosis · doi:10.1155/2023/5570030 · Cited by 10
“[10] Title and abstract screening as well as full-text screening was conducted using EndNote.”
MethodBroek-Creemers, L. G. U. H., Ort, B. B. A., Vermeulen, H., Pelgrim, T. C., Vloet, L. C. M., & Berben, S. A. A. (2023) · Scandinavian Journal of Trauma Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine · doi:10.1186/s13049-023-01102-z · Cited by 11
“The de-duplication of the database search results was conducted following the method of Bramer et al. [21].”
MethodWerts, S. J., Robles‐Morales, R., Bea, J. W., & Thomson, C. A. (2023) · Journal of Cancer Survivorship · doi:10.1007/s11764-023-01464-4 · Cited by 6
“Duplicate citations were removed following the process described by Bramer et al. [36].”
Hect, J. L., Harford, E. E., Maroufi, S. F., et al. (2023) · Journal of Neurosurgery Pediatrics · doi:10.3171/2023.9.peds23326 · Cited by 8
Grivas, N., van den Bergh, R. C. N., Brouwer, O. R., et al. (2020) · World Journal of Urology · doi:10.1007/s00345-020-03281-1 · Cited by 8
A scoping review to identify competencies for transcatheter cardiovascular procedures
Moran, H. R. M., Maurice-Ventouris, M. E. I., Alharbi, M., et al. (2020) · Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.jtcvs.2020.11.096 · Cited by 8
Salazar, A. S., Rakhmankulova, M., Simon, L. E., et al. (2021) · JNCI Cancer Spectrum · doi:10.1093/jncics/pkaa125 · Cited by 8
“After the removal of 1958 duplicate records using a standard deduplication process (24), 1527 unique citations were left for the title and abstract screening.”
BETZ, C. L., Mannino, J. E., Cleverley, K., Young, C. C., Ridosh, M. M., Kysh, L., & Hudson, S. (2021) · JBI Evidence Synthesis · doi:10.11124/jbies-20-00265 · Cited by 7
Grønningsæter, H., & Kiland, C. (2022) · Health Promotion International · doi:10.1093/heapro/daac048 · Cited by 7
Maternal health and maternal health service utilization among female sex workers: A scoping review
Moore, B. E., Govaerts, L., & Kapadia, F. (2023) · Women s Health · doi:10.1177/17455057231206303 · Cited by 7
“Search results were uploaded into Endnote and duplicate articles were removed using the protocol reported by Bramer et al. 36 The remaining search results were then uploaded to Covidence—a collaborative tool for conducting systematic reviews.”
MethodMcMinn, L. E., Kloess, J. A., & Stephenson, Z. (2024) · Trauma Violence & Abuse · doi:10.1177/15248380231217047 · Cited by 8
“Following the removal of duplicates, 1,387 titles were screened for eligibility in EndNote (this process was undertaken in line with Bramer et al.’s (2016, 2017) guidelines).”
MethodEthical guidance for extracorporeal and paracorporeal device use in children: a systematic review
Moynihan, K. M., Clark, J. D., Dorste, A., Hollander, S. A., Jansen, M., Brierley, J., Coleman, R. D., Bettina Von Dessauer, G., Thibault, E. G., Thomas, J. A., et al. (2024) · Intensive Care Medicine – Paediatric and Neonatal · doi:10.1007/s44253-023-00022-1 · Cited by 7
“After deduplication in EndNote, the final search results were imported into Covidence [11].”
Park, S. Y., Kim, Y., Katapodi, M. C., Kim, Y.-J., Chae, H., Choi, Y., Ryu, K. H., Lee, E., Kong, S., & Jung, S. (2024) · Cancers · doi:10.3390/cancers16111963 · Cited by 7
Kokorelias, K. M., Brown, P., Walmsley, S. L., Zhabokritsky, A., Su, E., & Sirisegaram, L. (2024) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0306225 · Cited by 7
“All bibliographic information will be expertly managed using EndNote X8 [57], and systematic de-duplication will be executed according to the Bramer method for Endnote users [57].”
MethodTay, R., Tan, J. Y. S., Lim, B., Hum, A. Y., Simpson, J., & Preston, N. J. (2024) · Palliative Medicine · doi:10.1177/02692163241265231 · Cited by 11
Griffin, N. E., Ferrell, M. J., Feldman, R., et al. (2024) · Pancreatology · doi:10.1016/j.pan.2024.07.016 · Cited by 7
Lambert, S., Soldera, S. V., Kazdan, J., Frati, F., Slominska, A. M., Boutin, M., Samouëlian, V., Letendre, C., Bilodeau, K., Howell, D., et al. (2024) · JNCI Cancer Spectrum · doi:10.1093/jncics/pkae102 · Cited by 8
Jacob, J., Wozney, L., Oddli, H. W., Duncan, C., Chorney, J. M. L., Emberly, D. J., Law, D., Clark, S. E., Heien, S., Boulos, L., et al. (2024) · Psychology and Psychotherapy Theory Research and Practice · doi:10.1111/papt.12564 · Cited by 8
“All other duplicates were removed in EndNote using the method developed by Bramer et al. (2016).”
Vulvar Developmental Stages During Puberty: A Systematic Review
Casalino, F., Moussaoui, D., Brockmann, C., Crofts, V. L., Abdulcadir, J., & Yaron, M. (2025) · Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology · doi:10.1016/j.jpag.2025.01.002 · Cited by 7
Lazzarini, S. G., Buraschi, R., Pollet, J., Bettariga, F., Pancera, S., & Pedersini, P. (2025) · Physical Therapy · doi:10.1093/ptj/pzaf006 · Cited by 8
Wolf, J. V. E., Schoene, D., Kohl, M., KEMMLER, W. K., & Kiesswetter, E. (2025) · Osteoporosis International · doi:10.1007/s00198-025-07393-5 · Cited by 7
“Identified references were saved in Endnote, and duplicates were removed according to the method described by Bramer [34].”
Dimou, M., Vacca, A., Sánchez‐Ramón, S., Karakulska‐Prystupiuk, E., Lionikaite, V., Siffel, C., Anderson‐Smits, C., & Kamieniak, M. M. (2025) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm14041203 · Cited by 7
“The database search results were deduplicated [28], and two reviewers independently screened article titles and abstracts using Rayyan software (Cambridge, MA, USA, https: //help.rayyan.ai/hc/en-us, accessed on 22 July 2024) [29] for compliance with the eligibility criteria (Supplementary Table…”
Minkels, C., van der Kamp, J., de Vries, R., & Beek, P. J. (2025) · Frontiers in Sports and Active Living · doi:10.3389/fspor.2025.1505301 · Cited by 20
“0.1 (Clarivatetm), following the Amsterdam Ef fi cient Deduplication (AED) method (44) and the Bramer method (45).”
InfluentialTobin, R., Roberts, M., Phoo, N. N. N., Manning, L. A., Norman, R., Eadie-Mirams, E., Hla, T. K., Ong, J. J., Carey, R. N., Jancey, J. M., et al. (2025) · Bulletin of the World Health Organization · doi:10.2471/blt.24.291684 · Cited by 10
Witziers, M., Looijmans, A., Jia, N., & Hagedoorn, M. (2025) · Journal of cancer survivorship · doi:10.1007/s11764-025-01866-6 · Cited by 8
Sultani, K., Smeulers, M., de Vries, R., et al. (2025) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2024-098411 · Cited by 7
“16 In addition, a snowballing technique was applied, whereby the reference list of included articles and relevant review papers was manually searched to identify any additional eligible articles.”
A scoping review of sustainable strategies adopted in nuclear medicine
Ribeiro, D. F., Grima, K., Geão, A., Andersson, C., Murphy, S., Costa, P., Baun, C., Karangelis, A., & Champendal, M. (2025) · Radiography · doi:10.1016/j.radi.2025.103122 · Cited by 7
Parenting interventions for parents of children with type 1 diabetes—a systematic review
Jansen, M., Voorhoeve, P. G., Wiltink, L., Prins, J. B., & Nefs, G. (2025) · Journal of Pediatric Psychology · doi:10.1093/jpepsy/jsaf078 · Cited by 9
“After EndNote exportation and deduplication (Bramer et al., 2016), M.J. and G.N. independently screened all records for eligibility based on title and abstract.”
Indicators of strangulation in medico-legal assessments: A scoping review
Heldring, N., Krona, D., & Rudd, E. (2025) · Forensic Science International · doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2025.112670 · Cited by 7
Veliz Reyes, A., Olmez, D., Grout, J., & Carr, A. (2025) · Architectural Engineering and Design Management · doi:10.1080/17452007.2025.2579731 · Cited by 7
“The database has been cleared of duplicates using Endnote 21 through the de-duplication method detailed in Bramer et al. (2016).”
What is the association between time to surgery and patient outcome after hip fracture?
Paes, V. M., Ting, A., Paes, M. V. I., Masters, J., Graham, S., & Costa, M. L. (2026) · The Bone & Joint Journal · doi:10.1302/0301-620x.108b1.bjj-2025-0035.r1 · Cited by 7
Mixed messages: most spinal pain and osteoarthritis observational research is unclear or misaligned
Gleadhill, C. P., Lee, H., Kamper, S. J., Cashin, A. G., Hansford, H. J., Traeger, A. C., da Silva, P. V., Nolan, E., Davidson, S. R. E., Wilczynska, M., et al. (2023) · Journal of Clinical Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2023.01.005 · Cited by 7
Experiences of primary care among young adults with mental illness – A systematic literature review
Wickman, U. L., & Schmidt, M. (2023) · Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences · doi:10.1111/scs.13167 · Cited by 7
Fisher, S. A., Huang, J. K., DuBord, A. Y., Xu, N. Y., Beestrum, M., Niznik, C. M., Yeung, A. M., Nguyen, K. T., Klonoff, D. C., & Yee, L. M. (2023) · Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology · doi:10.1177/19322968231186626 · Cited by 7
Gehris, J. S., Oyeyemi, A. L., Baishya, M. L., Roth, S. C., & Stoutenberg, M. (2023) · Preventive Medicine Reports · doi:10.1016/j.pmedr.2023.102509 · Cited by 10
“All records retrieved from the database searches and the clinical trials registry were uploaded into EndNote 20 and duplicate records were eliminated (Bramer et al., 2016).”
MethodUse of Assistive Technology for Persons with Psychosocial Disability: Systematic Review
Ebuenyi, I. D., Flocks-Monaghan, C., Rai, S. S., de Vries, R., Bhuyan, S. S., Pearlman, J. L., & Jones, N. (2023) · JMIR Rehabilitation and Assistive Technologies · doi:10.2196/49750 · Cited by 7
“Duplicate papers were excluded by a medical information specialist using EndNote (version 20.0.1; Clarivate), following the Amsterdam Efficient Deduplication–method [18] and the Bramer-method [19].”
MethodInfluentialLakew, N., Jönsson, J., & Lindner, P. (2024) · Journal of Gambling Studies · doi:10.1007/s10899-024-10312-8 · Cited by 7
Reviewing the methodologies used to assess household PM2.5 air pollution in sub-Saharan Africa
Panchal, R., Benyon, M., Laban, T. L., Kwatala, N., Wernecke, B., Wright, C. Y., & Hey, J. V. (2024) · Building and Environment · doi:10.1016/j.buildenv.2024.112099 · Cited by 7
de Oliveira, C. A. F., Sousa, M. D. M., Ataide, M. C. F., Traguetto, J., da Costa, W. P., & Torres, M. M. (2025) · International Journal of Qualitative Methods · doi:10.1177/16094069251339213 · Cited by 12
“The duplicates will be removed following the method of Bramer (Bramer et al., 2016), and we will conduct a manual review to con fi rm your deletion (Pereira et al., 2023; Terra et al., 2023).”
Major hospital transformations: An integrative review and implications for nursing
Fréchette, J., Lavoie‐Tremblay, M., Aubry, M., Kilpatrick, K., & Bitzas, V. B. (2020) · Journal of Nursing Education and Practice · doi:10.5430/jnep.v10n7p46 · Cited by 9
Real-Time Person Identification in a Hospital Setting: A Systematic Review
Essink, H. M., Knops, A., Lung, A. M. A. L., et al. (2020) · Sensors · doi:10.3390/s20143937 · Cited by 7
“Removal of duplicates within the retrieved articles in the two databases was performed in EndNote X9 (Clarivate Analytics, Philadelphia, PA, USA) [14].”
MethodZhong, J., Si, L., Zhang, G., Huo, J., Xing, Y., Hu, Y., Zhang, H., & Yao, W. (2021) · Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1186/s13643-021-01683-9 · Cited by 10
Nicholas, M. N., Liu, A., Jia, J., et al. (2021) · Dermatologic Surgery · doi:10.1097/dss.0000000000003100 · Cited by 7
Zhong, J., Zhang, G., & Yao, W. (2021) · Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research · doi:10.1186/s13018-021-02568-2 · Cited by 6
“2 (Clarivate Analytics, Philadelphia, PA, USA) [26].”
Zheng, Y., Gandhi, A., Sewell, K. B., et al. (2022) · Journal of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine · doi:10.3233/npm-210925 · Cited by 7
Schnitzler, L., Evers, S., Jackson, L. J., Paulus, A. T. G., & Roberts, T. E. (2022) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-022-14484-z · Cited by 7
“Citations were de-duplicated following the guidelines by Bramer and colleagues [30].”
MethodArtificial intelligence to support person-centred care in breast imaging - A scoping review
Champendal, M., Marmy, L., Malamateniou, C., & dos Reis, C. S. (2023) · Journal of medical imaging and radiation sciences · doi:10.1016/j.jmir.2023.04.001 · Cited by 7
Biomechanical parameters of the golf swing associated with lower back pain: A systematic review
Watson, M., Coughlan, D., Clement, N. D., Murray, I. R., Murray, A., & Miller, S. (2023) · Journal of Sports Sciences · doi:10.1080/02640414.2024.2319443 · Cited by 7
“The literature search was completed on 6 February 2021 and updated on 7 April 2022 and on 6 June 2023, according to the guidance laid out by W. Bramer and Bain (2017) and W. M. Bramer et al. (2016).”
MethodEffectiveness of trauma centers verification: Protocol for a systematic review
Batomen, B., Moore, L., Carabalí, M., Tardif, P., Champion, H. R., & Nandi, A. (2019) · Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1186/s13643-019-1239-6 · Cited by 6
Radó, M. K., Mölenberg, F. J. M., Sheikh, A., Millett, C. J., Bramer, W. M., Alex Burdorf, A., van Lenthe, F. J., & Been, J. V. (2020) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2020-038234 · Cited by 7
Self-citationAlBurno, H., Mercken, L. A. G., de Vries, H., Mohannadi, D. A., Jongen, S., & Schneider, F. (2022) · Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders · doi:10.1007/s40200-022-01054-8 · Cited by 6
Chowdhury, A. R., Chang, P. W., Zhou, S., Das, R., Xu, M., Kim, J. S., Narala, R., Sadik, J., Shulman, I., & Buxbaum, J. L. (2022) · Pancreatology · doi:10.1016/j.pan.2022.07.016 · Cited by 7
Sterren, A. E., Nathan, S., Rawstorne, P., et al. (2023) · Health Expectations · doi:10.1111/hex.13829 · Cited by 6
Therapeutic alliance in psycho‐oncology : A systematic review
Flock, C., Grapp, M., Oldsen, R., Friederich, H., & Bugaj, T. J. (2023) · Counselling and Psychotherapy Research · doi:10.1002/capr.12717 · Cited by 6
Ippen, F. M., Scherm, A., Keßler, T., Hau, P., Agkatsev, S., Baurecht, H., Wick, W., Knüttel, H., Leitzmann, M. F., & Seliger, C. (2024) · Cancer Medicine · doi:10.1002/cam4.7362 · Cited by 6
“This method has been published previously by Bramer et al. 17 At first two researchers (F.M.I., A.S.) independently screened the titles.”
MethodMoond, V., Loganathan, P., Malik, S., et al. (2024) · Clinical Endoscopy · doi:10.5946/ce.2024.081 · Cited by 6
“All records were downloaded or manually added to EndNote 21 Desktop version and dedupli-cated using a method by Bramer et al. 12 The detailed literature search strategy is provided in Supplementary Material 1.”
Mannino, A., Halilagic, A., Argyropoulou, M., Siopis, G., Roussos, R., Svolos, V., Mavrogianni, C., Androutsos, O., Mouratidou, T., Μanios, Y., et al. (2024) · Current Nutrition Reports · doi:10.1007/s13668-024-00593-1 · Cited by 7
“The majority of the EBRBs found within the included studies related to nutrition behaviors [42–44, 46–48] and The most common EBRBs were related to the low adherence to the Mediterranean diet pattern (KIDMED Score) or a healthy dietary pattern [38], and poor dietary habits [43, 44].”
InfluentialXu, Z., Scharp, D., Hobensack, M., Ye, J., Zou, J., Ding, S., Shang, J., & Topaz, M. (2024) · Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association · doi:10.1093/jamia/ocae278 · Cited by 6
Value-based healthcare from a military health system perspective: a systematic review
van der Wal, H., Duijnkerke, D., Engel, M. F. M., et al. (2024) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2024-085880 · Cited by 6
Evaluating Genioplasty Procedures: A Systematic Review and Roadmap for Future Investigations
Dalmeijer, S. W. R., van Riet, T. C. T., Ho, J. T. F., et al. (2025) · Craniomaxillofacial Trauma & Reconstruction · doi:10.3390/cmtr18010005 · Cited by 6
“0.1 (Clarivate, Philadelphia, PA, USA), following the Amsterdam Efficient Deduplication (AED) method [22] and the Bramer method [23].”
InfluentialIskander, S., Halbesma, G. J., Hoogbergen, M. M., Young‐Afat, D. A., & Veldhuizen, I. J. (2025) · JPRAS Open · doi:10.1016/j.jpra.2024.12.005 · Cited by 5
Chavez, M., Ramirez, A., Hernández‐Vásquez, A., Comandé, D., & Azañedo, D. (2025) · Frontiers in Oral Health · doi:10.3389/froh.2024.1465820 · Cited by 8
“For the elimination of duplicates, the methodology proposed by Bramer et al. (15) was followed.”
Vereen, M., Bidault, V. J., Krabbendam, E., Hoeks, S. E., Stolker, R. J., & Dirckx, M. (2025) · Pain Practice · doi:10.1111/papr.70016 · Cited by 6
“21 After the original search was performed in February 2023, the search was last updated on 11- 06-2024 using the method described by Bramer et al. 22 The search strategies for Medline and Embase include relevant thesaurus terms from Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) and Emtree terms, respectively.”
EDJIMBI, J. A. C., Shah, N. B., Kwaah, P. A., Grimshaw, A. A., Regan, C. J., Nagpal, S. V., Attaran, R., Chaar, C. I. O., Romain, G., Smolderen, K. G. E., et al. (2025) · Journal of Vascular Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.jvs.2025.02.018 · Cited by 6
A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Tourniquet Pressures in Upper Limb Surgery
Chan, K., Jaibaji, R., Barker, E. J., et al. (2025) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm14061938 · Cited by 6
Extrapulmonary effects of lung volume reduction in severe emphysema: a systematic review
ter Haar, E. A. M. D., Slebos, D., & Hartman, J. E. (2025) · European Respiratory Review · doi:10.1183/16000617.0258-2024 · Cited by 6
“Duplicate records were initially removed according to the deduplication method described by B RAMER et al. [14].”
Hiel, M. A. J., Korte, E. W. H., Tedbirt, B., Bolling, M. C., Meijer, J. M., Spuls, P. I., van der Werf, S., Yale, M., Horváth, B., & Joly, P. (2025) · British Journal of Dermatology · doi:10.1093/bjd/ljaf152 · Cited by 6
Metadata
- Authors
- Bramer, W. M., Giustini, D., de Jonge, G. B., Holland, L., & Bekhuis, T.
- Affiliations
- Erasmus MC (NL)
- University of British Columbia (CA)
- Southern College of Optometry (US)
- University of Pittsburgh (US)
- Venue
- Journal of the Medical Library Association : JMLA
- Published
- 2016-07
- Volume
- 104
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 240-243
- ISSN
- 1536-5050 (ISSN-L)
- 1558-9439
- PMC
- PMC4915647
- OpenAlex
- W2471940872
- Cited by
- 2,103
- References
- 8
- Citations by year
- 2026: 346 · 2025: 333 · 2024: 419 · 2023: 340 · 2022: 252 · 2021: 218 · 2020: 113 · 2019: 48 · 2018: 18 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 2
- FWCI
- 5.54
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- diamond
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Journal of the Medical Library Association JMLA (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- EUR Research Repository (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (publishedVersion)
- EUR Research Repository (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (submittedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty › Meta-analysis and systematic reviews
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Information Systems › Data Quality and Management
- Social Sciences › Library and Information Sciences › scientometrics and bibliometrics research
- Keywords
- data deduplication, duplicate records, database search results, systematic reviews, EndNote, information professionals, bibliographic databases
- MeSH terms
- Review Literature as Topic, Databases, Bibliographic, Information Storage and Retrieval
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
A language model drew the claims from the paper on 2026-10-10, under version 3 of the claim definition (model deepseek-v4.1-flash, prompt extract-v3).
A second model labelled each claim on 2026-10-10 (model jev-1.13-20260917, definition revision gold-guideline-v0.2).
Cited sources are checked with a language model’s help (gpt-6-sol).
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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