The DOI matches its Crossref record; 10 of the 10 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Bleeding from cerebral arteriovenous malformations as part of their natural history
Abstract
✓ The case records of 191 patients with a cerebral arteriovenous malformation (AVM) were reviewed to determine bleeding characteristics of these lesions. Possible influences of age, sex, the location and size of the AVM, type of initial hemorrhage, and condition of the patients were analyzed. Of these 191 patients, 102 had a single hemorrhage, 32 had a recurrent hemorrhage, and 57 never bled. The follow-up period for patients with an unruptured AVM was a mean of 4.8 years and a maximum of 31 years; for those with a ruptured AVM, the mean was 2 years, and the maximum 37 years. Size of the AVM was significantly related to the risk of first hemorrhage. The average yearly risk for first hemorrhage was between 2% and 3%. Bleeding occurred most frequently in the 11- to 35-year-old age group. The risk of rebleeding increased with advancing age. Among 93 patients followed after their AVM had ruptured, the risk of rebleeding was 6% in 1 year. After the first year, the average rebleeding rate was about 2% per year up to 20 years.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Nonparametric Estimation from Incomplete Observations
Kaplan, E. L., & Meier, P. (1992) · Springer Series in Statistics · doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-4380-9_25 · Cited by 45,181
Nonparametric Estimation from Incomplete Observations
Kaplan, E. L., & Meier, P. (1958) · Journal of the American Statistical Association · doi:10.1080/01621459.1958.10501452 · Cited by 39,158
BMDP Statistical Software 1981
Dixon, W. J. (1982) · Biometrics · doi:10.2307/2530483 · Cited by 2,297
A generalized Kruskal-Wallis test for comparing K samples subject to unequal patterns of censorship
BRESLOW, N. (1970) · Biometrika · doi:10.1093/biomet/57.3.579 · Cited by 1,411
Perret, G., & Nishioka, H. (1966) · Journal of Neurosurgery · doi:10.3171/jns.1966.25.4.0467 · Cited by 619
Self-citationDrake, C. G. (1979) · Neurosurgery · doi:10.1093/neurosurgery/26.cn_suppl_1.145 · Cited by 450
Arteriovenous malformations of the brain: A long-term clinical study
Forster, D. M. C., Steiner, L., & Håkanson, S. (1972) · Journal of Neurosurgery · doi:10.3171/jns.1972.37.5.0562 · Cited by 433
PATERSON, J. H., & McKISSOCK, W. (1956) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/79.2.233 · Cited by 387
Congenital Arteriovenous Aneurysms of the Carotid and Vertebral Arterial Systems
Olivecrona, H., & Ladenheim, J. (1957) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-11367-7 · Cited by 206
Evaluation of the Conservative Management of Ruptured Intracranial Aneurysms
Nishioka, H. (1966) · Journal of neurosurgery · doi:10.3171/jns.1966.25.5.0574 · Cited by 174
Cited by
Predictors of hemorrhage in patients with untreated brain arteriovenous malformation
Stapf, C., Mast, H., Sciacca, R. R., Choi, J. H., Khaw, A. V., Connolly, E. S., Pile-Spellman, J., & Mohr, J. P. (2006) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000210524.68507.87 · Cited by 788
The natural history of aneurysms and arteriovenous malformations
Jane, J. A., Kassell, N. F., Torner, J. C., & Winn, H. R. (1985) · Journal of Neurosurgery · doi:10.3171/jns.1985.62.3.0321 · Cited by 295
Self-citationThe risk of hemorrhage after radiosurgery for arteriovenous malformations
Friedman, W. A., Blatt, D. L., Bova, F. J., Buatti, J. M., Mendenhall, W. M., & Kubilis, P. S. (1996) · Journal of Neurosurgery · doi:10.3171/jns.1996.84.6.0912 · Cited by 256
Metadata
- Authors
- Graf, C. J., Perret, G. E., & Torner, J. C.
- Venue
- Journal of Neurosurgery
- Published
- 1983-03
- Volume
- 58
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 331-337
- ISSN
- 0022-3085 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2154970859
- Cited by
- 786
- References
- 10
- FWCI
- 10.32
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Bleeding from cerebral arteriovenous malformations as part of their natural history. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.3171/jns.1983.58.3.0331
- The paper
- Graf, C. J., Perret, G. E., & Torner, J. C. (1983). Bleeding from cerebral arteriovenous malformations as part of their natural history. Journal of Neurosurgery. https://doi.org/10.3171/jns.1983.58.3.0331
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
