Cited by 195Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive ProcessesNeurotransmitter Receptor Influence on BehaviorGenetic Associations and Epidemiology

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Genetics of generalized anxiety disorder and related traits

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Gottschalk, Michael G., Domschke, Katharina·2017·Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience

DOI 10.31887/dcns.2017.19.2/kdomschkePMC PMC5573560

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Abstract

This review serves as a systematic guide to the genetics of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and further focuses on anxiety-relevant endophenotypes, such as pathological worry fear of uncertainty, and neuroticism. We inspect clinical genetic evidence for the familialityl heritability of GAD and cross-disorder phenotypes based on family and twin studies. Recent advances of linkage studies, genome-wide association studies, and candidate gene studies (eg, 5-HTT, 5-HT1A, MAOA, BDNF) are outlined. Functional and structural neuroimaging and neurophysiological readouts relating to peripheral stress markers and psychophysiology are further integrated, building a multilevel disease framework. We explore etiologic factors in gene-environment interaction approaches investigating childhood trauma, environmental adversity, and stressful life events in relation to selected candidate genes (5-HTT, NPSR1, COMT, MAOA, CRHR1, RGS2), Additionally, the pharmacogenetics of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor/serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor treatment are summarized (5-HTT, 5-HT2A, COMT, CRHR1). Finally, GAD and trait anxiety research challenges and perspectives in the field of genetics, including epigenetics, are discussed.

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Authors: Gottschalk, M. G., & Domschke, K.
Affiliations: Universitätsklinikum Würzburg (DE)
University of Freiburg (DE)
Corresponding author: Domschke, Katharina
ORCID: Gottschalk, Michael G.
Domschke, Katharina
Venue: Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Published: 2017-06-30
Volume: 19
Issue: 2
Pages: 159-168
ISSN: 1294-8322 (ISSN-L)
1958-5969
DOI: 10.31887/dcns.2017.19.2/kdomschke
PMC: PMC5573560
OpenAlex: W2923926520
Cited by: 194
References: 67
Citations by year: 2026: 8 · 2025: 28 · 2024: 25 · 2023: 38 · 2022: 25 · 2021: 23 · 2020: 23 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 6
FWCI: 16.63
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: diamond
doi.org
Licence: cc-by-nc-nd
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ (vor)
Locations: Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (TRR‐58, SFB TRR 58)
Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (01EE1402A)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic Associations and Epidemiology
Keywords: generalized anxiety disorder, endophenotypes, pathological worry, fear of uncertainty, neuroticism, heritability, familial aggregation, twin studies, family studies, linkage analysis, genome-wide association study, candidate genes, serotonin transporter, monoamine oxidase A, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, stress response, psychophysiology, gene-environment interaction, childhood trauma, life events, pharmacogenetics, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, epigenetics, trait anxiety
MeSH terms: Anxiety, Anxiety Disorders, Humans, Norepinephrine, Phenotype, Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors, Genome-Wide Association Study, Gene-Environment Interaction, Neuroimaging

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Genetics of generalized anxiety disorder and related traits

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