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Genetic Variation in Pneumocystis carinii Isolates from Different Geographic Regions: Implications for Transmission
Open accessAbstract
To study transmission patterns of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) in persons with AIDS, we evaluated P. carinii isolates from patients in five U.S. cities for variation at two independent genetic loci, the mitochondrial large subunit rRNA and dihydropteroate synthase. Fourteen unique multilocus genotypes were observed in 191 isolates that were examined at both loci. Mixed infections, accounting for 17.8% of cases, were associated with primary PCP. Genotype frequency distribution patterns varied by patients' place of diagnosis but not by place of birth. Genetic variation at the two loci suggests three probable characteristics of transmission: that most cases of PCP do not result from infections acquired early in life, that infections are actively acquired from a relatively common source (humans or the environment), and that humans, while not necessarily involved in direct infection of other humans, are nevertheless important in the transmission cycle of P. carinii f. sp. hominis.
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“The presence of DHPS mutations in patients without prior TMP-SMX or dapsone use for PCP prophylaxis, the absence of similar mutations in Pneumocystis isolated from other mammalian species, and the impact of geography on DHPS genotype have substantial implications for disease transmission (i.e., person-to-person transmission) that are beyond the scope of this review (32–35).”
From Dihydropteroate Synthase Gene Mutations in Pneumocystis and Sulfa Resistance (2004) · cites this paper as [32]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Beard, C. B., Carter, J. L., Keely, S. P., Huang, L., Pieniazek, N. J., Moura, I. N. S., Roberts, J. M., Hightower, A. W., Bens, M. S., Freeman, A. R., Lee, S., Stringer, J. R., Duchin, J. S., del Rio, C., Rimland, D., Baughman, R. P., Levy, D. A., Dietz, V. J., Simon, P., & Navin, T. R.
- Affiliations
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (US)
- Corresponding author
- Beard, Charles B.
- Venue
- Emerging infectious diseases
- Published
- 2000-06
- Volume
- 6
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 265-272
- ISSN
- 1080-6040 (ISSN-L)
- 1080-6059
- PMC
- PMC2640877
- OpenAlex
- W2101933645
- Cited by
- 241
- References
- 52
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 18
- FWCI
- 10.74
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- diamond
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Emerging infectious diseases (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DigitalCommons@UNMC (submittedVersion, public-domain)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Parasitology › Parasitic Infections and Diagnostics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Keywords
- Pneumocystis carinii, Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, AIDS, genetic variation, multilocus genotypes, mitochondrial large subunit rRNA, dihydropteroate synthase, transmission, co-infection, primary infection, birthplace, human reservoir
- MeSH terms
- Dihydropteroate Synthase, Gene Frequency, Genotype, Humans, Mitochondria, Pneumocystis, Pneumonia, Pneumocystis, RNA, Ribosomal, United States, Genetic Variation, Logistic Models, AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections, Sequence Analysis, DNA, DNA Primers, Genes, rRNA
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