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Risk Factors for Kala-Azar in Bangladesh
Open accessAbstract
Since 1990, South Asia has experienced a resurgence of kala-azar (visceral leishmaniasis). To determine risk factors for kala-azar, we performed cross-sectional surveys over a 3-year period in a Bangladeshi community. By history, active case detection, and serologic screening, 155 of 2,356 residents had kala-azar with onset from 2000 to 2003. Risk was highest for persons 3-45 years of age, and no significant difference by sex was seen. In age-adjusted multivariable models, 3 factors were identified: proximity to a previous kala-azar patient (odds ratio [OR] 25.4, 95% confidence interval [CI] 15-44 within household; OR 3.2 95% CI 1.7-6.1 within 50 m), bed net use in summer (OR 0.7, 95% CI 0.53-0.93), and cattle per 1,000 m2 (OR 0.8, 95% CI 0.70-0.94]). No difference was seen by income, education, or occupation; land ownership or other assets; housing materials and condition; or keeping goats or chickens inside bedrooms. Our data confirm strong clustering and suggest that insecticide-treated nets could be effective in preventing kala-azar.
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Cited by
Leishmaniasis Worldwide and Global Estimates of Its Incidence
Alvar, J., Vélez, I. D., Bern, C., Herrero, M., Desjeux, P., Cano, J., Jannin, J., Boer, M. D., & the WHO Leishmaniasis Control Team (2012) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0035671 · Cited by 5,141
“Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) results in death if not treated, the majority of leishmaniasis deaths go unrecognized, and even with treatment access, VL may result in case-fatality rates of 10–20% [17,18,19,20,21,22].”
BackgroundMurray, H. W., Berman, J. D., Davies, C. R., & Saravia, N. G. (2005) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(05)67629-5 · Cited by 1,771
Social and Economic Burden of Human Leishmaniasis
Okwor, I., & Uzonna, J. (2016) · The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene · doi:10.4269/ajtmh.15-0408 · Cited by 328
Liposomal amphotericin B and leishmaniasis: Dose and response
Sundar, S., & Chakravarty, J. (2010) · Journal of Global Infectious Diseases · doi:10.4103/0974-777x.62886 · Cited by 217
Metadata
- Authors
- Bern, C., Hightower, A. W., Chowdhury, R., Ali, M., Amann, J., Wagatsuma, Y., Haque, R., Kurkjian, K., Vaz, L. E., Begum, M., Akter, T., Cetre-Sossah, C. B., Ahluwalia, I. B., Dotson, E., Secor, W. E., Breiman, R. F., & Maguire, J. H.
- Venue
- Emerging Infectious Diseases
- Published
- 2005-05
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 655-662
- ISSN
- 1080-6040 (ISSN-L)
- 1080-6059
- OpenAlex
- W2074642626
- Cited by
- 215
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 8.09
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- diamond
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- Bern, C., Hightower, A. W., Chowdhury, R., Ali, M., Amann, J., Wagatsuma, Y., Haque, R., Kurkjian, K., Vaz, L. E., Begum, M., Akter, T., Cetre-Sossah, C. B., Ahluwalia, I. B., Dotson, E., Secor, W. E., Breiman, R. F., & Maguire, J. H. (2005). Risk Factors for Kala-Azar in Bangladesh. Emerging Infectious Diseases. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1105.040718
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