Cited by 8Research, Science, and AcademiaHigher Education Governance and DevelopmentCOVID-19, Geopolitics, Technology, Migration

DeepSeek and AI innovation: How Chinese universities broke through the glass ceiling of technological advancement

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Allen, Ryan·2025·American Journal of STEM Education

Abstract

This essay[1] explores the DeepSeek AI team and their significant contributions to artificial intelligence. Drawing upon the author's expertise in Chinese higher education and global talent recruitment, the analysis challenges the prevailing narrative that technological innovations in China rely on overseas returnees. By analyzing online bios, the essay reveals that most of the DeepSeek team and their advisors were educated in China, illustrating how Chinese universities have advanced beyond the so-called "Glass Ceiling" in cutting-edge technological research. This breakthrough exemplifies the growing capacity of Chinese institutions to foster homegrown innovation in AI. [1] This essay was adapted from a piece originally published on the College Towns website

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Research works printed but not linked: 9

  1. Allen, R. M. (2017). A comparison of China's "Ivy League" to other peer groupings through global university rankings. Journal of Studies in International Education, 21(5), 395-411.
  2. Allen, R., & Allen, Y. (2022). A Bibliometric Exploration into the Global Research Impact of China's Thousand Talents Brand. Journal of Comparative & International Higher Education, 14(5), 134-170.
  3. Allen, R., & Ye, Y. (2021). Why deteriorating relations, xenophobia, and safety concerns will deter Chinese international student mobility to the United States. Journal of International Students, 11(2), i-vii.
  4. Chen, X., Wu, Z., Liu, X., Pan, Z., Liu, W., Xie, Z., ... & Ruan, C. (2025). Janus- Pro: Unified Multimodal Understanding and Generation with Data and Model Scaling. arXiv preprint arXiv:2501.17811. · arXiv
  5. Guo, D., Yang, D., Zhang, H., Song, J., Zhang, R., Xu, R., ... & He, Y. (2025). Deepseek-r1: Incentivizing reasoning capability in llms via reinforcement learning. arXiv preprint arXiv:2501.12948. · arXiv
  6. Kania, E. and Wood, P. (2020). The People's Liberation Army and foreign technology. In W. C Hannas & D. K. Tatlow (Eds.), China's quest for foreign technology: Beyond espionage (pp. 225-240). Routledge.
  7. Kim, H., & Allen, R. M. (2018). Glocalizing cures for China's brain drain ills: The thousand talents plan in Shanghai, Tianjin, and Guangdong. International Journal of Comparative Education and Development, 20(1), 16-32.
  8. Mulvenon, J., & Zhang, C. (2020). Targeting defense technologies. In W. C Hannas & D. K. Tatlow (Eds.), China's Quest for Foreign Technology: Beyond Espionage (pp. 92-110). Routledge.
  9. Wu, Z., Chen, X., Pan, Z., Liu, X., Liu, W., Dai, D., ... & Ruan, C. (2024). Deepseek-vl2: Mixture-of-experts vision-language models for advanced multimodal understanding. arXiv preprint arXiv:2412.10302. · arXiv

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Authors
Allen, R.
Affiliations
Soka University of America (US)
Corresponding author
Allen, Ryan
Venue
American Journal of STEM Education
Published
2025-02-17
Volume
6
Pages
1-10
ISSN
3065-1190 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W4407690110
Cited by
6
References
0
Citations by year
2026: 4 · 2025: 2
FWCI
6.03
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • American Journal of STEM Education (publishedVersion)
  • American Journal of STEM Education (publishedVersion, cc-by)
Funders
  • Microsoft Research
  • Shandong University
  • Nanyang Technological University
  • Monash University
  • Beihang University
  • Chinese Academy of Sciences
  • Sun Yat-sen University
  • Northwestern Polytechnical University
  • Huazhong University of Science and Technology
  • Harbin Institute of Technology
  • Tsinghua University
  • Shanxi University
  • University of Waterloo
  • Tianjin University
  • Zhejiang University
  • Shanghai Jiao Tong University
  • China University of Mining and Technology
  • University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
  • Wuhan University
  • Peking University
  • Nanjing University
  • University of Science and Technology of China
  • ShanghaiTech University
  • University of California, San Diego
  • University of California, Irvine
  • Microsoft Research Asia
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Information Systems and Management › Research, Science, and Academia
  • Social Sciences › Political Science and International Relations › Higher Education Governance and Development
  • Social Sciences › Political Science and International Relations › COVID-19, Geopolitics, Technology, Migration
Keywords
DeepSeek, AI innovation, Chinese universities, overseas returnees, glass ceiling, talent acquisition, Chinese higher education

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