The DOI matches its Crossref record; 29 of the 32 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Influences of Online Learning on Social Loafing
Open accessAbstract
This study was conducted to explore the Influences of Online Learning on Social Loafing. Since the pandemic, online learning has become more popular, and students have been exposed to various cooperative and collaborative learning exercises. These group activities are not usually well-liked by students. Students who work in groups face various challenges, such as personal conflicts, unequal effort, scheduling, and others. This study utilized the qualitative research method. This study's sixteen (16) participants were selected through purposive sampling. The researcher's semi-structured interview guide was used in data gathering through interviews. The thematic analysis of Braun and Clarke was used to analyze the qualitative data. Ten (10) emergent themes were established from the participants' responses, classified under three (3) overarching themes that provided answers to sub-problems. The emergent themes were extracted from the significant statements of the key participants. For the description of the participants on their experiences during online learning, the overarching theme, Experience of the Participants of Social Loafing in an Online Learning, has three (3) emergent themes that were classified as Relying on the group leaders; Absence of collaboration; Poor Prioritization. The Factors of Online Learning that Contribute to Social Loafing has four (4) emergent themes that were classified: Group size, Internet Connectivity issue, Digital distractions, and Types of Leaders, while the Implications of the Participants' Contribution to Social Loafing in Online Learning has three (3) emergent themes that were classified as Affecting Group's Quality of Performance and Grades; Affecting Mental Health; Affecting groups relationship. The study's findings and recommendations were used to improve the issues encountered during online learning on social loafing.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“As such, students are moving their communication beyond the LMS via social media platforms, which may impact educators' awareness of task progression and who is engaging in the work; these issues may encourage social loafing (Sagayno et al., 2023).”
From Exploring the experiences of social loafing in group work among online psychology students (2025) · cites this paper as Sagayno et al., 2023
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“However, externalising communication from the LMS to social media may pose challenges in terms of tracking individual contributions and maintaining accountability (Sagayno et al., 2023).”
From Exploring the experiences of social loafing in group work among online psychology students (2025) · cites this paper as Sagayno et al., 2023
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Consistent with prior findings (e.g., Lam, 2015; Sagayno et al., 2023), asynchronous communication has the potential to increase social loafing, if peer interaction is not intentionally built-in to the group work experience.”
From Exploring the experiences of social loafing in group work among online psychology students (2025) · cites this paper as Sagayno et al., 2023
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Many Hands Make Light the Work: The Causes and Consequences of Social Loafing
Latané, B., Williams, K., & Harkins, S. (1979) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.37.6.822 · Cited by 2,216
Social loafing: a meta-analytic review and theoretical integration.
Karau, S. J., & Williams, K. D. (1993) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.65.4.681 · Cited by 2,196
Dwivedi, Y. K., Rana, N. P., Jeyaraj, A., Clement, M., & Williams, M. D. (2019) · Information Systems Frontiers · doi:10.1007/s10796-017-9774-y · Cited by 2,137
The network nation: human communication via computer
(1993) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.31-2158 · Cited by 1,024
Modulation of leaf economic traits and trait relationships by climate
Wright, I. J., Reich, P. B., Cornelissen, J. H. C., Falster, D. S., Groom, P. K., Hikosaka, K., Lee, W., Lusk, C. H., Niinemets, Ü., Oleksyn, J., et al. (2005) · Global Ecology and Biogeography · doi:10.1111/j.1466-822x.2005.00172.x · Cited by 879
Teaching in a Digital Age: Guidelines for Designing Teaching and Learning
Bates, A. W. (2015) · CERN Document Server (European Organization for Nuclear Research) · Cited by 672
When teams do not function the way they ought to
Salomon, G., & Globerson, T. (1989) · International Journal of Educational Research · doi:10.1016/0883-0355(89)90018-9 · Cited by 551
Identifiability as a deterrant to social loafing: Two cheering experiments.
Williams, K. D., Harkins, S. G., & Latané, B. (1981) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.40.2.303 · Cited by 539
Learning Theory and Online Technologies
Harasim, L. M. (2012) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203846933 · Cited by 514
Social loafing and social compensation: The effects of expectations of co-worker performance.
Williams, K. D., & Karau, S. J. (1991) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.61.4.570 · Cited by 501
Research works printed but not linked: 8
- Albertson, L. A. (1980). Review Essay: Trying To Eat an Elephant: The Social Psychology of Telecommunications, by John Short, Ederyn Williams, and Bruce Christie. London: John Wiley, 1976. Communication Research, 7(3), 387-400.
- Brindley, J., Walti, C., & Blaschke, L. (2009). Creating effective collaborating learning groups in an online environment. The International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning, 10(3)
- Covington, M. V., and Leonard, K. J. (2001). Intrinsic versus extrinsic motivation: An approach/ avoidance reformulation. Educational Psychology Review, 13, 157-176.
- Ferree, W. D., & Piezon, S. L. (2008). Perceptions of social loafing in online learning groups: A study of public university and US Naval War College students. International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 9(2), 1-17.
- Khanl, H.& Iqba, J. (2021). Evolution of Online Education: Transformation of Education in India. Praxis International Journal of Social Science and Literature. 4 (01).
- Pathack, V., Jena, B., & Kalra, S., (2013). Perspectives in Clinical Research; Mumbai. Scholarly Journal. 4, Iss.3.
- Piezon, S. L., & Ferree, W. D. (2007). Perceptions of social loafing in online learning groups. In 23rd Annual Conference on Distance Teaching & Learning. 1(5).
- Walther, J. B. (1996). Computer-mediated communication: Impersonal, interpersonal, and hyperpersonal interaction. Communication Research, 23(1), 3-43.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Exploring the experiences of social loafing in group work among online psychology students
Puccini, O., & Newell, S. (2025) · Journal of University Teaching and Learning Practice · doi:10.53761/dqvkp589 · Cited by 1
“As such, students are moving their communication beyond the LMS via social media platforms, which may impact educators' awareness of task progression and who is engaging in the work; these issues may encourage social loafing (Sagayno et al., 2023).”
InfluentialLee, D., Huh, Y., & Lee, E. (2025) · Journal of Computing in Higher Education · doi:10.1007/s12528-025-09449-1
Metadata
- Authors
- Sagayno, J., Sumicad, R., Geraldizo-Pabriga, M. G., Gabunada, N. P., Tañola, V., & De Vera, J. P.
- Affiliations
- University of Cebu (PH)
- ORCID
- Venue
- British Journal of Teacher Education and Pedagogy
- Published
- 2023-11-04
- Volume
- 2
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 18-34
- ISSN
- 2755-1482 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4388369012
- Cited by
- 1
- References
- 32
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1
- FWCI
- 0.74
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- diamond
- doi.org
- Locations
- British Journal of Teacher Education and Pedagogy (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Education › Online Learning Methods and Innovations
- Social Sciences › Education › Online and Blended Learning
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Innovative Teaching and Learning Methods
- Keywords
- social loafing, online learning, cooperative learning, group work, COVID-19 pandemic, group size, internet access, digital distraction, group performance, student mental health, group relations
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Influences of Online Learning on Social Loafing. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.32996/bjtep.2023.2.3.3
- The paper
- Sagayno, J., Sumicad, R., Geraldizo-Pabriga, M. G., Gabunada, N. P., Tañola, V., & De Vera, J. P. (2023). Influences of Online Learning on Social Loafing. British Journal of Teacher Education and Pedagogy. https://doi.org/10.32996/bjtep.2023.2.3.3