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Rule of Law, Democracy, Openness, and Income: Estimating the Interrelationships
Open accessAbstract
We estimate the interrelationships among economic institutions, political institutions, openness, and income levels, using identification through heteroskedasticity (IH).We split our cross-national dataset into two sub-samples: (i) colonies versus non-colonies; and (ii) continents aligned on an East-West versus those aligned on a North-South axis.We exploit the difference in the structural variances in these two sub-samples to gain identification.We find that democracy and the rule of law are both good for economic performance, but the latter has a much stronger impact on incomes.Openness (trade/GDP) has a negative impact on income levels and democracy, but a positive effect on rule of law.Higher income produces greater openness and better institutions, but these effects are not very strong.Rule of law and democracy tend to be mutually reinforcing.
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Cites
The colonial origins of comparative development: An empirical investigation
Acemoglu, D., Johnson, S., & Robinson, J. A. (2001) · American Economic Review · doi:10.1257/aer.91.5.1369 · Cited by 8,517
Acemoglu, D., & Johnson, S. (2005) · Journal of Political Economy · doi:10.1086/432166 · Cited by 2,385
Cited by
EICHENGREEN, B., & LEBLANG, D. (2008) · Economics & Politics · doi:10.1111/j.1468-0343.2007.00329.x · Cited by 377
Transparenting Transparency: Initial Empirics and Policy Applications
Kaufmann, D., & Bellver, A. (2005) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.808664 · Cited by 271
Metadata
- Authors
- Rigobon, R., & Rodrik, D.
- Venue
- National Bureau of Economic Research
- Publisher
- National Bureau of Economic Research
- Published
- 2004-09
- OpenAlex
- W3021827133
- Cited by
- 354
- References
- 2
- Type
- report
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
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