Process Advantages of Direct CO2 to Methanol Synthesis

“One approach to a more sustainable future is to use CO2 as the carbon source for fuels and carbon-based materials that are currently only derived from coal, oil and natural gas (Peters et al., 2011; Aresta et al., 2016; Landälv, 2017; Artz et al., 2018).”

“…as a fuel or fuel additive or precursor for more complex transportation fuels, or even as an intermediate for a diverse array of industrial chemicals including plastics, paints, textiles, and other uses, is an effective alternative disposition for CO2 (Olah et al., 2006; Gnanamani et al., 2014).”

“For example, the formation of methanol from CO is based on CO reacting directly with H2 to produce CH3OH; the conversion is significantly more exothermic at−90.77 kJ/mol relative to Reaction 2 above (Ott et al., 2012).”

“Mitigating climate change is multifaceted and there are several viable options available for cleaner energy (Inui et al., 1998; Shindell et al., 2017).”

“One approach to a more sustainable future is to use CO2 as the carbon source for fuels and carbon-based materials that are currently only derived from coal, oil and natural gas (Peters et al., 2011; Aresta et al., 2016; Landälv, 2017; Artz et al., 2018).”

“and reusing what is emitted during combustion, thereby forming a static CO2 loop (Rahman et al., 2017).”

“One approach to a more sustainable future is to use CO2 as the carbon source for fuels and carbon-based materials that are currently only derived from coal, oil and natural gas (Peters et al., 2011; Aresta et al., 2016; Landälv, 2017; Artz et al., 2018).”

“The massive energy consumption of distillation operations is at least partly due to the inefficiency of existing distillation processes which operate with approximately 5–10 % efficiency (Kiss et al., 2012).”

“The carbon captured in the deposits of fossilized vegetation, along with ancient marine life, degraded and stored in the earth’s crust, have been pivotal to human population growth and development, and indeed, have become essential to our existence (Richardson et al., 2011).”

“One obvious way of storing and transporting electricity is by converting it into chemical energy (Peters et al., 2011; Landälv, 2017; Schemme et al., 2017).”

“Mitigating climate change is multifaceted and there are several viable options available for cleaner energy (Inui et al., 1998; Shindell et al., 2017).”

“Conventionally, methanol is produced on industrial scale from synthesis gas “syngas,” which is a combination of varying amounts of H2, CO, and CO2 frequently derived from gasified coal or natural gas (Ott et al., 2012; Sheldon, 2017).”

“…their depletion represents a reversal of atmospheric composition to a time when atmospheric CO2 concentrations were much higher, and a regeneration of a climate that much of the present-day biosphere is not accustomed to (Letcher, 2016; Kondratyev and Cracknell, 1998; Akhtar and Palagiano, 2018).”

“…as a fuel or fuel additive or precursor for more complex transportation fuels, or even as an intermediate for a diverse array of industrial chemicals including plastics, paints, textiles, and other uses, is an effective alternative disposition for CO2 (Olah et al., 2006; Gnanamani et al., 2014).”

“A simple tube-cooled reactor is sufficient to control the temperature in the synthesis of methanol from CO2 which makes it possible to lower the cost and the efficiency of operation [46].”

“Additionally, the tube-cooled reactor is also an option for this process [51].”