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How Common Is Commercial Contract Cheating in Higher Education and Is It Increasing? A Systematic Review

Newton, Philip M.·2018·Frontiers in Education
DOI 10.3389/feduc.2018.00067
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FIGURE 1 Self-reports of commercial contract cheating have increased over time. (A) The plots show the percentage of respondents, in individual samples, who answered 'yes' to having paid a third party to undertake assignments for them, ± 95%CI. (B) The percentage of participants answering yes to engaging in the most commonly reported form of misconduct in the sample. These have also increased over time, ± 95%CI.
FIGURE 1 Self-reports of commercial contract cheating have increased over time. (A) The plots show the percentage of respondents, in individual samples, who answered 'yes' to having paid a third party to undertake assignments for them, ± 95%CI. (B) The percentage of participants answering yes to engaging in the most commonly reported form of misconduct in the sample. These have also increased over time, ± 95%CI.CC-BY · From the PDF
FIGURE 2 Summary of key quality metrics; were participants guaranteed anonymity, did the study report ethical approval, and was the survey instrument piloted before use. The percentage of samples meeting each criterion is shown in red (Y), while those which did not are shown in blue (N). For the piloting analysis, those samples which piloted the instrument before use and used a previously published instrument are dark red (PY), while those using an established instrument without piloting are pale blue (PN).
FIGURE 2 Summary of key quality metrics; were participants guaranteed anonymity, did the study report ethical approval, and was the survey instrument piloted before use. The percentage of samples meeting each criterion is shown in red (Y), while those which did not are shown in blue (N). For the piloting analysis, those samples which piloted the instrument before use and used a previously published instrument are dark red (PY), while those using an established instrument without piloting are pale blue (PN).CC-BY · From the PDF

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Metadata

Authors
Newton, P. M.
Venue
Frontiers in Education
Publisher
Frontiers Media SA
Published
2018-08-30
Volume
3
ISSN
2504-284X
DOI
10.3389/feduc.2018.00067
Cited by
227
References
5
Licence
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (unspecified)

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