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Cited by 15SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 ResearchVaccine Coverage and HesitancyCOVID-19 Clinical Research Studies

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At Least Three Doses of Leading Vaccines Essential for Neutralisation of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant

Open access
Singanallur, Nagendrakumar B., van Vuren, Petrus Jansen, McAuley, Alexander J., Bruce, Matthew P., Kuiper, Michael J., Gwini, Stella M., Riddell, Shane, Goldie, Sarah, Drew, Trevor W., Blasdell, Kim R., Tachedjian, Mary, Mangalaganesh, Shruthi, Chahal, Simran, Caly, Leon, Druce, Julian D., Juno, Jennifer A., Kent, Stephen J., Wheatley, Adam K., Vasan, Seshadri S.·2022·Frontiers in Immunology
DOI 10.3389/fimmu.2022.883612PMC PMC9152325

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Abstract

Plasma samples taken at different time points from donors who received either AstraZeneca (Vaxzevria) or Pfizer (Comirnaty) or Moderna (Spikevax) coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) vaccine were assessed in virus neutralization assays against Delta and Omicron variants of concern and a reference isolate (VIC31). With the Pfizer vaccine there was 6-8-fold reduction in 50% neutralizing antibody titres (NT 50 ) against Delta and VIC31 at 6 months compared to 2 weeks after the second dose; followed by 25-fold increase at 2 weeks after the third dose. Neutralisation of Omicron was only consistently observed 2 weeks after the third dose, with most samples having titres below the limit of detection at earlier timepoints. Moderna results were similar to Pfizer at 2 weeks after the second dose, while the titres for AstraZeneca samples derived from older donors were 7-fold lower against VIC31 and below the limit of detection against Delta and Omicron. Age and gender were not found to significantly impact our results. These findings indicate that vaccine matching may be needed, and that at least a third dose of these vaccines is necessary to generate sufficient neutralising antibodies against emerging variants of concern, especially Omicron, amidst the challenges of ensuring vaccine equity worldwide.

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Metadata

Authors
Singanallur, N. B., van Vuren, P. J., McAuley, A. J., Bruce, M. P., Kuiper, M. J., Gwini, S. M., Riddell, S., Goldie, S., Drew, T. W., Blasdell, K. R., Tachedjian, M., Mangalaganesh, S., Chahal, S., Caly, L., Druce, J. D., Juno, J. A., Kent, S. J., Wheatley, A. K., & Vasan, S. S.
Affiliations
  • Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (AU)
  • Barwon Health (AU)
  • Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory (AU)
  • The University of Melbourne (AU)
Corresponding author
Vasan, Seshadri S.
ORCID
Venue
Frontiers in Immunology
Publisher
Frontiers Media SA
Published
2022-05-17
Volume
13
Pages
883612-883612
ISSN
1664-3224 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.3389/fimmu.2022.883612
PMC
PMC9152325
OpenAlex
W4280584659
Cited by
15
References
6
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 5
FWCI
1.59
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Frontiers in Immunology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • medRxiv (acceptedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
  • Minerva Access (University of Melbourne) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Funders
  • Food and Drug Administration
  • National Health and Medical Research Council
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
  • Social Sciences › Health › Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
Keywords
Omicron variant, COVID-19 vaccines, neutralizing antibodies, third vaccine dose, BNT162b2, Delta variant, vaccine matching, antibody titers, age and gender effects, vaccine equity
MeSH terms
COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 Vaccines, Humans, Viral Vaccines, Vaccines, Inactivated

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