Colonial vs. planktonic type of growth: mathematical modeling of microbial dynamics on surfaces and in liquid, semi-liquid and solid foods
Open accessAbstract
Predictive models are mathematical expressions that describe the growth, survival, inactivation, or biochemical processes of foodborne bacteria. During processing of contaminated raw materials and food preparation, bacteria are entrapped into the food residues, potentially transferred to the equipment surfaces (abiotic or inert surfaces) or cross-contaminate other foods (biotic surfaces). Growth of bacterial cells can either occur planktonically in liquid or immobilized as colonies. Colonies are on the surface or confined in the interior (submerged colonies) of structured foods. For low initial levels of bacterial population leading to large colonies, the immobilized growth differs from planktonic growth due to physical constrains and to diffusion limitations within the structured foods. Indeed, cells in colonies experience substrate starvation and/or stresses from the accumulation of toxic metabolites such as lactic acid. Furthermore, the micro-architecture of foods also influences the rate and extent of growth. The micro-architecture is determined by (i) the non-aqueous phase with the distribution and size of oil particles and the pore size of the network when proteins or gelling agent are solidified, and by (ii) the available aqueous phase within which bacteria may swarm or swim. As a consequence, the micro-environment of bacterial cells when they grow in colonies might greatly differs from that when they grow planktonically. The broth-based data used for modeling (lag time and generation time, the growth rate, and population level) are poorly transferable to solid foods. It may lead to an over-estimation or under-estimation of the predicted population compared to the observed population in food. If the growth prediction concerns pathogen bacteria, it is a major importance for the safety of foods to improve the knowledge on immobilized growth. In this review, the different types of models are presented taking into account the stochastic behavior of single cells in the growth of a bacterial population. Finally, the recent advances in the rules controlling different modes of growth, as well as the methodological approaches for monitoring and modeling such growth are detailed.
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Interaction with the surrounding environment can be crucial for defining cellular cooperation and the evolution of microbial communities.
“Even the interaction with the surrounding environment can be crucial for defining cellular cooperation and the evolution of microbial communities [16,17,18,19,20].”
From Microbiota of Cheese Ecosystems: A Perspective on Cheesemaking (2025) · cites this paper as [17]
The Conclusion—future aspects (page unavailable) says food microstructure and cell-to-cell interactions affect microbial growth, supporting the general importance of the surrounding environment. The paper does not establish that environmental interactions define cellular cooperation or the evolution of microbial communities; its discussion concerns growth dynamics in foods. (LLM, conf=0.82)
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Self-citationMicrobiota of Cheese Ecosystems: A Perspective on Cheesemaking
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- Authors
- Skandamis, P. N., & Jeanson, S.
- Affiliations
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (GR)
- Institut Agro Rennes-Angers (FR)
- Corresponding author
- Skandamis, Panagiotis N.
- Venue
- Frontiers in Microbiology
- Publisher
- Frontiers Media SA
- Published
- 2015-10-29
- Volume
- 6
- Issue
- 1178
- Pages
- 1178-1178
- ISSN
- 1664-302X (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4625091
- OpenAlex
- W1863072369
- Cited by
- 66
- References
- 88
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 1
- FWCI
- 0.46
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Frontiers in Microbiology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- HAL (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biotechnology › Listeria monocytogenes in Food Safety
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Food Safety and Hygiene
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Bacterial biofilms and quorum sensing
- Keywords
- planktonic growth, foodborne bacteria, predictive microbiology, bacterial colony growth, diffusion limitation, lactate accumulation, food safety, cross-contamination
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