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Cited by 120Microbial bioremediation and biosurfactantsEnvironmental Chemistry and AnalysisEnvironmental remediation with nanomaterials

Bioremediation of contaminated soil and groundwater by in situ biostimulation

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Romantschuk, Martin, Lahti-Leikas, Katariina, Kontro, Merja, Galitskaya, Polina, Talvenmäki, Harri, Simpanen, Suvi, Allen, John A., Sinkkonen, Aki·2023·Frontiers in Microbiology
DOI 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1258148PMC PMC10658714
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Abstract

Bioremediation by in situ biostimulation is an attractive alternative to excavation of contaminated soil. Many in situ remediation methods have been tested with some success; however, due to highly variable results in realistic field conditions, they have not been implemented as widely as they might deserve. To ensure success, methods should be validated under site-analogous conditions before full scale use, which requires expertise and local knowledge by the implementers. The focus here is on indigenous microbial degraders and evaluation of their performance. Identifying and removing biodegradation bottlenecks for degradation of organic pollutants is essential. Limiting factors commonly include: lack of oxygen or alternative electron acceptors, low temperature, and lack of essential nutrients. Additional factors: the bioavailability of the contaminating compound, pH, distribution of the contaminant, and soil structure and moisture, and in some cases, lack of degradation potential which may be amended with bioaugmentation. Methods to remove these bottlenecks are discussed. Implementers should also be prepared to combine methods or use them in sequence. Chemical/physical means may be used to enhance biostimulation. The review also suggests tools for assessing sustainability, life cycle assessment, and risk assessment. To help entrepreneurs, decision makers, and methods developers in the future, we suggest founding a database for otherwise seldom reported unsuccessful interventions, as well as the potential for artificial intelligence (AI) to assist in site evaluation and decision-making.

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  • Microbial relationships, encompassing rivalry as well as cooperation, are ubiquitous in communities of microbes and are essential in shaping the dynamics of ecosystems.

    “Microbial relationships, encompassing rivalry as well as cooperation, are ubiquitous in communities of microbes and are essential in shaping the dynamics of ecosystems [307].”

    From Harnessing bacterial consortia for effective bioremediation: targeted removal of heavy metals, hydrocarbons, and persistent pollutants (2025) · cites this paper as [307]

    The Introduction (page unavailable) describes microbes competing for resources and explains how that competition can affect contaminant degradation. The passages do not establish cooperation or the broader claim that such relationships are ubiquitous and essential to ecosystem dynamics. (LLM, conf=0.82)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • The pollutant transformation efficiency of a single species consistently diminishes when utilized in complex, in-situ contaminated environments.

    “Nonetheless, the pollutant transformation efficiency of a single species consistently diminishes when utilized in complex, in-situ contaminated environments [307].”

    From Harnessing bacterial consortia for effective bioremediation: targeted removal of heavy metals, hydrocarbons, and persistent pollutants (2025) · cites this paper as [307]

    The “Biostimulation vs. bioaugmentation” section says introduced microbes may not perform well in situ and may soon disappear, which supports the concern about field performance. It does not establish that a single species’ pollutant-transformation efficiency consistently diminishes in complex contaminated environments. (LLM, conf=0.86)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

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Authors
Romantschuk, M., Lahti-Leikas, K., Kontro, M., Galitskaya, P., Talvenmäki, H., Simpanen, S., Allen, J. A., & Sinkkonen, A.
Affiliations
  • University of Helsinki (FI)
  • Research Institute for Environmental Studies (PT)
  • Natural Resources Institute Finland (FI)
Corresponding author
Romantschuk, Martin
ORCID
Venue
Frontiers in Microbiology
Publisher
Frontiers Media SA
Published
2023-11-06
Volume
14
Pages
1258148-1258148
ISSN
1664-302X (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.3389/fmicb.2023.1258148
PMC
PMC10658714
OpenAlex
W4388440895
Cited by
120
References
4
Citations by year
2026: 51 · 2025: 47 · 2024: 22
FWCI
1.80
Type
journal article
Language
en
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  • Frontiers in Microbiology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
  • Työväentutkimus Vuosikirja (submittedVersion)
  • Jukuri (Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke)) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Pollution › Microbial bioremediation and biosurfactants
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Environmental Chemistry › Environmental Chemistry and Analysis
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Environmental remediation with nanomaterials
Keywords
bioremediation, contaminated soil, groundwater remediation, bioaugmentation, alternative electron acceptors, oxygen limitation, low temperature, nutrient limitation, bioavailability, life cycle assessment, risk assessment

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

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