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NLRP3 Inflammasome in Neurological Diseases, from Functions to Therapies
Open accessAbstract
Neuroinflammation has been identified as a causative factor of multiple neurological diseases. The nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-, leucine-rich repeat- and pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, a subcellular multiprotein complex that is abundantly expressed in the central nervous system (CNS), can sense and be activated by a wide range of exogenous and endogenous stimuli such as microbes, aggregated and misfolded proteins, and adenosine triphosphate, which results in activation of caspase-1. Activated caspase-1 subsequently leads to the processing of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-18 (IL-18) pro-inflammatory cytokines and mediates rapid cell death. IL-1β and IL-18 drive inflammatory responses through diverse downstream signaling pathways, leading to neuronal damage. Thus, the NLRP3 inflammasome is considered a key contributor to the development of neuroinflammation. In this review article, we briefly discuss the structure and activation the NLRP3 inflammasome and address the involvement of the NLRP3 inflammasome in several neurological disorders, such as brain infection, acute brain injury and neurodegenerative diseases. In addition, we review a series of promising therapeutic approaches that target the NLRP3 inflammasome signaling including anti-IL-1 therapy, small molecule NLRP3 inhibitors and other compounds, however, these approaches are still experimental in neurological diseases. At present, it is plausible to generate cell-specific conditional NLRP3 knockout (KO) mice via the Cre system to investigate the role of the NLRP3 inflammasome, which may be instrumental in the development of novel pharmacologic investigations for neuroinflammation-associated diseases.
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“It triggers pyroptotic cell death in microglia and astrocytes by producing IL-1β and IL-18 pro-inflammatory cytokines.298”
From Microglia in neurodegenerative diseases: mechanism and potential therapeutic targets (2023) · cites this paper as [298]
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“Besides, NLRP3 inflammasome is probably involved in neuroinflammation in MSA.”
From Microglia in neurodegenerative diseases: mechanism and potential therapeutic targets (2023) · cites this paper as [298]
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“Inflammasome products are targets of several therapies used to treat some of the disorders that we have presented here (256).”
From The gut-brain axis: how microbiota and host inflammasome influence brain physiology and pathology (2020) · cites this paper as [256]
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Research works printed but not linked: 1
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Pyroptosis: Mechanisms and Diseases
Yu, P., Zhang, X., Liu, N., Tang, L., Peng, C., & Chen, X. (2021) · Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy · doi:10.1038/s41392-021-00507-5 · Cited by 2,353
Microglia in neurodegenerative diseases: mechanism and potential therapeutic targets
Gao, C., Jiang, J., Tan, Y., & Chen, S. (2023) · Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy · doi:10.1038/s41392-023-01588-0 · Cited by 1,616
Age and Age-Related Diseases: Role of Inflammation Triggers and Cytokines
Rea, I. M., Gibson, D. S., McGilligan, V., McNerlan, S. E., Alexander, H. D., & Ross, O. A. (2018) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2018.00586 · Cited by 1,267
The gut-brain axis: how microbiota and host inflammasome influence brain physiology and pathology
Rutsch, A., Kantsjö, J. B., & Ronchi, F. (2020) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2020.604179 · Cited by 821
Role of the NLRP3 inflammasome in cancer
Moossavi, M., Parsamanesh, N., Bahrami, A., Atkin, S. L., & Sahebkar, A. (2018) · Molecular Cancer · doi:10.1186/s12943-018-0900-3 · Cited by 431
Metadata
- Authors
- Song, L., Pei, L., Yao, S., Wu, Y., & Shang, Y.
- Affiliations
- Wuhan Union Hospital (CN)
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Wu, Yan
- Shang, You
- Venue
- Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Frontiers Media SA
- Published
- 2017-03-09
- Volume
- 11
- Pages
- 63-63
- ISSN
- 1662-5102 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5343070
- OpenAlex
- W2591960163
- Cited by
- 467
- References
- 255
- Citations by year
- 2026: 29 · 2025: 42 · 2024: 52 · 2023: 66 · 2022: 60 · 2021: 74 · 2020: 51 · 2019: 41 · 2018: 35 · 2017: 13
- FWCI
- 3.58
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (81270018, 81471202, 81271270)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Inflammasome and immune disorders
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune Response and Inflammation
- Keywords
- NLRP3 inflammasome, neuroinflammation, neurological disorders, caspase-1, IL-1β, IL-18, neurodegenerative diseases, brain infection, acute brain injury, NLRP3 inhibitors, anti-IL-1 therapy, conditional knockout mice
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