Sensory processing in medically unexplained pain syndrome. A systematic review
Open accessAbstract
Chronic pain is inherently multifactorial, with biological, psychological and social factors contributing to neuropathic pain (NP) and central sensitization (CS) syndromes. Comorbidity between functional disorders and the lack of clinical biomarkers adds to the challenge of diagnosis and treatment, leading to frustration for healthcare professionals and patients. The main objective of this review is to investigate the association between NP, CS syndromes and sensory processing disorders. A structured search was conducted on the PubMed database using the keywords Central Sensitization, Fibromyalgia, Complex Regional Pain Syndrome, and Neuropathic Pain, combined with the keywords Vision, Audition, Olfaction, Touch, Taste, and Proprioception. PubMed was chosen because it is accessible and user-friendly. Articles within the last five years, from 2018 to 2023, have been included. 380 studies on conditions of CS and sensory processing were identified. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, the number of retained papers was 78. There were a few emerging themes. Reduced sensory thresholds were found to be comorbid with chronic pain conditions, particularly those with a component of CS. Both cranial nerve and sensory evaluation examinations may prove helpful as potential biomarkers for diagnosis and for potential treatments.
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FM patients have symptoms of central sensitization, characterized by hypersensitivity to bright light, touch, noise, temperature, and mechanical pressure.
“as have symptoms of central sensitization, characterized by hypersensitivity to bright light, touch, noise, temperature, and mechanical pressure.4,7,16”
From A Review of Movement and Functional Impairments in Fibromyalgia: Implications for Targeted Treatment (2025) · cites this paper as [16]
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A Review of Movement and Functional Impairments in Fibromyalgia: Implications for Targeted Treatment
Quodling, N., Hoffman, N., Carrick, F., & Jemni, M. (2025) · Journal of Pain Research · doi:10.2147/jpr.s543775 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Self-citationKandakurti, P. K., Reddy, R. S., Alnakhli, H. H., Alkhamis, B. A., Koura, G. M., ALMohiza, M. A., Alyazedi, F. M., Mukherjee, D., & Rao, V. S. (2025) · Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology · doi:10.3389/fbioe.2025.1622679 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
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- Authors
- Quodling, N., Hoffman, N., Carrick, F. R., & Jemni, M.
- Affiliations
- Carrick Institute (US)
- University of Central Florida (US)
- Ningbo University (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Quodling, Nicole
- Venue
- Frontiers in Pain Research
- Publisher
- Frontiers Media SA
- Published
- 2025-06-06
- Volume
- 6
- Pages
- 1584227-1584227
- ISSN
- 2673-561X (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC12179214
- OpenAlex
- W4411107441
- Cited by
- 4
- References
- 87
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 2
- FWCI
- 1.09
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Frontiers in Pain Research (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Apollo (University of Cambridge) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine › Pain Management and Treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Fibromyalgia and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Pain Mechanisms and Treatments
- Keywords
- sensory processing disorders, medically unexplained pain, central sensitization, neuropathic pain, fibromyalgia, complex regional pain syndrome, chronic pain, sensory threshold, cranial nerve examination, sensory evaluation, biomarkers, comorbidities
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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