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Cited by 17Crop Yield and Soil FertilityGenetic and Environmental Crop StudiesAgronomic Practices and Intercropping Systems

Effect of Planting Density and Row Spacing on the Yielding and Morphological Features of Pea (Pisum sativum L.)

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Prusiński, Janusz, Borowska, Magdalena·2022·Agronomy
DOI 10.3390/agronomy12030715
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Abstract

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of planting density and row spacing in pea on the plant growth, yield, structural seed yield components, and some plant indices in the central-and-northern part of Poland. Field experiments were performed in 2016–2019. The study involved a Polish pea cultivar, Batuta (semi-leafless). Three planting densities were applied (70, 90, and 110 seeds per 1 m2), with two row spacings (16 and 32 cm), in four replications on 20 m2 plots There was considerable pea sensitivity to precipitation deficit; in higher precipitation years, the seed yield was almost half higher than in the dry years. There was no recorded effect of planting density or the row spacing (except in 2019) on pea yield, and their variation in successive research years was nonsignificant. Similar conclusions also applied to the protein yield; however, its significantly highest value was recorded in the hottest vegetation period with the lowest total precipitation. The deteriorating precipitation conditions across the years were accompanied by a lower number of pods per plant, the number of seeds and their weight per pod, and 1000 seed weight. Moreover, those results were not significantly correlated with the factors under study except for the planting density in HI.

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Crossref · 10.3390/agronomy12030715

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  • Higher seed densities can lead to increased competition for limited resources, resulting in reduced seedling growth and greater variability in germination outcomes.

    “Some studies [32,33] have shown that higher seed densities can lead to increased competition for limited resources, resulting in reduced seedling growth and greater variability in germination outcomes.”

    From Optimizing Water, Temperature, and Density Conditions for In Vitro Pea (Pisum sativum L.) Germination (2024) · cites this paper as [33]

    Section 3.1 (page unavailable) reports that higher pea planting density is associated with lower plant branching, and Section 3.3 reports fewer pods and less seed weight per pod at higher densities. These findings partly support an adverse effect of density, but the paper does not establish competition for limited resources as the cause or report reduced seedling growth or greater variability in germination outcomes. (LLM, conf=0.82)

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2 of the 18 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.

Research works printed but not linked: 10

  1. Olle, M. The yield, height and content of protein of filed peas (Pisum sativum L.) in Estonian agro-climatic condition. Agron. Res. 2017, 15, 1725-1732.
  2. Yucel, D.O. Impact of plant density and yield and yield components of pea (Pisum sativum ssp. sativum) cultivars. J. Agric. Biol. Sci. 2013, 8, 169-174.
  3. Grabowska, K.; Banaszkiewicz, B. Wpływ temperatury powietrza i opadów atmosferycznych na plonowanie grochu siewnego w środkowej Polsce (Effect of air temperature and atmospheric precipitation on yielding of sowing pea in central Poland). Acta Agrophysica 2009, 13, 113-120.
  4. Gugała, M.; Zarzecka, K. Wpływ gęstości siewu sposobu pielęgnacji na plonowanie grochu siewnego (Pisum sativum L.) (The influence of sowing rate and weed control methods on the yielding of field pea (Pisum sativum L.)). Fragm. Agron. 2009, 26, 64-71.
  5. Podleśny, J. Wpływ struktury przestrzennej łanu na wzrost, rozwój i plonowanie w ąsolistnej odmiany grochu siewnego (The effect of spatial structure of stand on growth, development and yielding of pea). Fragm. Agron. 2009, 26, 140-149.
  6. Shaukat, S.A.; Ahmad, Z.; Choudhary, Y.A.; Shaukat, S.K. Effect of different sowing dates and row spacing on the growth, seed yield quality of off-season pea (Pisum sativum L. cv. Climax) under temperature conditions of Eawalakot Azad Jammu and Kashmir. Sci. J. Agric. 2012, 1, 117-125.
  7. Prusiński, J. Wybrane wskaźniki produkcyjności grochu siewnego w warunkach wzrastaj ącej intensywności technologii uprawy (Chosen growth and development indexes of pea under increasing intensity of cultivation technology). Acta Sci. Pol. Agric. 2007, 6, 4.
  8. Górynowicz, B.; Święcicki, W.; Pilarczyk, W.; Mikulski, W. The dependence of seed yield and its components on environmental factors in selected legumes. Colloq. Biom. 2014, 44, 127-138.
  9. Kuczkowski, J.; Kotecki, A.; Kozak, M. Wpływ sposobu siewu na rozwój i plonowanie w ąskolistnych odmian grochu. Część I. Rozwój roślin i plony (The effect of sowing method on growth and yielding of narrow-leaf pea cultivars. Part I. Plants' growth and yielding). Zesz. Nauk. Uniw. Przyr. We Wrocławiu 2006, 89, 187-205.
  10. Türk, M.; Albayrak, S.; Yüksel, O. Effect of seeding rate on the forage yields and quality in pea cultivars of different leaf types. Turk. J. Field Crops 2011, 16, 137-141.

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Authors
Prusiński, J., & Borowska, M.
Affiliations
Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology (PL)
Corresponding author
Borowska, Magdalena
ORCID
Venue
Agronomy
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2022-03-16
Volume
12
Issue
3
Pages
715
ISSN
2073-4395 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.3390/agronomy12030715
OpenAlex
W4220792339
Cited by
17
References
18
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 1
FWCI
3.71
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Agronomy (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Agronomy and Crop Science › Crop Yield and Soil Fertility
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Genetic and Environmental Crop Studies
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Agronomy and Crop Science › Agronomic Practices and Intercropping Systems
Keywords
pea, Pisum sativum, plant density, row spacing, seed yield, yield components, protein yield, precipitation deficit, heat stress, pod number, 1000-grain weight, plant morphology

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