Identification of candidate genes for salt tolerance at seedling stage in rice using qtl-seq and chromosome segment substitution line-derived population
Open accessAbstract
Rice is a staple food for more than half of the world’s population. However, the pervasive problem of salinity is severely undermining rice production, especially in coastal and low-lying areas where soil salinization is widespread. This stress, exacerbated by climate change, necessitates the development of salt-tolerant rice varieties to ensure food security. In this study, an F2:3 population (n = 454) from a cross of KDML105 and its chromosome segment substitution line (CSSL) was used to identify genomic regions associated with salt tolerance at the seedling stage. Using the QTL-seq approach, a QTL significantly associated with salt tolerance was identified on chromosome 1. Annotation of candidate genes in this region revealed the potential regulators of salt tolerance, including MIKC-type MADS domain proteins, calmodulin-binding transcription factors, and NB-ARC domain-containing proteins. These and other identified genes provide insights into the genetic basis of salt tolerance. This study underscores the importance of using advanced genomics tools and CSSL populations in the study of complex traits such as salt tolerance in rice. Several candidate genes identified in this study could be used in further studies on molecular or physiological mechanisms related to the salt response and tolerance mechanism in rice. Additionally, these genes could also be utilized in plant breeding programs for salt tolerance.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Editing genes involved in ion homeostasis and ROS scavenging significantly improves salt tolerance in various crops.
“Additionally, editing genes involved in ion homeostasis and ROS scavenging has significantly improved salt tolerance in various crops (Leawtrakun et al., 2024; Wani et al., 2020).”
From Emerging applications of gene editing technologies for the development of climate-resilient crops (2025) · cites this paper as Leawtrakun et al., 2024
Cites
Trimmomatic: a flexible trimmer for Illumina sequence data
Bolger, A. M., Lohse, M., & Usadel, B. (2014) · Bioinformatics · doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btu170 · Cited by 65,548 · see citing works
Twelve years of SAMtools and BCFtools
Danecek, P., Bonfield, J., Liddle, J., Marshall, J., Ohan, V., Pollard, M., Whitwham, A., Keane, T., McCarthy, S., Davies, R. M., et al. (2021) · GigaScience · doi:10.1093/gigascience/giab008 · Cited by 15,314 · see citing works
Graph-based genome alignment and genotyping with HISAT2 and HISAT-genotype
Kim, D., Paggi, J. M., Park, C., Bennett, C., & Salzberg, S. L. (2019) · Nature Biotechnology · doi:10.1038/s41587-019-0201-4 · Cited by 15,022 · see citing works
Cingolani, P., Platts, A., Wang, L. L., Coon, M., Nguyen, T., Wang, L., Land, S. J., Lu, X., & Ruden, D. M. (2012) · Fly · doi:10.4161/fly.19695 · Cited by 11,816 · see citing works
agricolae: Statistical Procedures for Agricultural Research
de Mendiburu, F. (2006) · doi:10.32614/cran.package.agricolae · Cited by 1,656 · see citing works
Takagi, H., Abe, A., Yoshida, K., Kosugi, S., Natsume, S., Mitsuoka, C., Uemura, A., Utsushi, H., Tamiru, M., Takuno, S., et al. (2013) · The Plant Journal · doi:10.1111/tpj.12105 · Cited by 1,485 · see citing works
Understanding and Improving Salt Tolerance in Plants
Chinnusamy, V., Jagendorf, A. T., & Zhu, J. (2005) · Crop Science · doi:10.2135/cropsci2005.0437 · Cited by 1,364 · see citing works
Analysing high-throughput sequencing data in Python with HTSeq 2.0
Putri, G., Anders, S., Pyl, P. T., Pimanda, J. E., & Zanini, F. (2022) · Bioinformatics · doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btac166 · Cited by 1,108 · see citing works
Global predictions of primary soil salinization under changing climate in the 21st century
Hassani, A., Azapagic, A., & Shokri, N. (2021) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-021-26907-3 · Cited by 1,069 · see citing works
karyoploteR: an R/Bioconductor package to plot customizable genomes displaying arbitrary data
Gel, B., & Serra, E. (2017) · Bioinformatics · doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btx346 · Cited by 775 · see citing works
Characterizing the Saltol Quantitative Trait Locus for Salinity Tolerance in Rice
Thomson, M. J., Ocampo, M. D., Egdane, J. A., Rahman, M. A., Sajise, A. G. C., Adorada, D. L., Tumimbang-Raiz, E., Blumwald, E., Seraj, Z. I., Singh, R. K., et al. (2010) · Rice · doi:10.1007/s12284-010-9053-8 · Cited by 551 · see citing works
Salinity Effects on Seedling Growth and Yield Components of Rice
Zeng, L., & Shannon, M. C. (2000) · Crop Science · doi:10.2135/cropsci2000.404996x · Cited by 493 · see citing works
Structure–function analysis of the NB-ARC domain of plant disease resistance proteins
Gerben Van Ooijen, A., Gabriele Mayr, B., Kasiem, M. M. A., Albrecht, M., Cornelissen, B. J. C., & Takken, F. L. W. (2008) · Journal of Experimental Botany · doi:10.1093/jxb/ern045 · Cited by 445 · see citing works
ggsignif: R Package for Displaying Significance Brackets for 'ggplot2'Preprint
Ahlmann-Eltze, C., & Patil, I. (2021) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/7awm6 · Cited by 435 · see citing works
Salt Tolerance in Rice: Focus on Mechanisms and Approaches
Reddy, I. N. B. L., Kim, B.-K., Yoon, I.-S., Kim, K.-H., & Kwon, T.-R. (2017) · Rice Science · doi:10.1016/j.rsci.2016.09.004 · Cited by 386 · see citing works
Hao, Y., Zong, X., Ren, P., Qian, Y., & Fu, A. (2021) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms22137152 · Cited by 302 · see citing works
Transcription Factors and Their Roles in Signal Transduction in Plants under Abiotic Stresses
Hoang, X. L. T., Nhi, D. N. H., Thư, N. B. A., Thảo, N. P., & Tran, L. P. (2017) · Current Genomics · doi:10.2174/1389202918666170227150057 · Cited by 271 · see citing works
Bonilla, P. S., Dvořák, J., Mackill, D. J., Deal, K. R., & Gb, G. (2002) · Cited by 257 · see citing works
Improving nutritional quality of rice for human health
Zhao, M., Lin, Y., & Chen, H. (2020) · Theoretical and Applied Genetics · doi:10.1007/s00122-019-03530-x · Cited by 224 · see citing works
Tran, L. P., Nishiyama, R., Yamaguchi‐Shinozaki, K., & Shinozaki, K. (2010) · GM Crops · doi:10.4161/gmcr.1.1.10569 · Cited by 216 · see citing works
Recent Updates on Salinity Stress in Rice: From Physiological to Molecular Responses
Negrão, S., Courtois, B., Ahmadi, N., Abreu, I. A., Saibo, N. J. M., & Oliveira, M. M. (2011) · Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences · doi:10.1080/07352689.2011.587725 · Cited by 211 · see citing works
Advances and Challenges in the Breeding of Salt-Tolerant Rice
Qin, H., Li, Y., & Huang, R. (2020) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms21218385 · Cited by 207 · see citing works
Salt tolerance in rice: seedling and reproductive stage QTL mapping come of age
Singh, R. K., Kota, S., & Flowers, T. J. (2021) · Theoretical and Applied Genetics · doi:10.1007/s00122-021-03890-3 · Cited by 187 · see citing works
Ali, M. L., Sanchez, P. L., Yu, S., Lorieux, M., & Eizenga, G. C. (2010) · Rice · doi:10.1007/s12284-010-9058-3 · Cited by 170 · see citing works
Kubo, T., Aida, Y., Nakamura, K., Tsunematsu, H., Doi, K., & Yoshimura, A. (2002) · Ikushugaku zasshi · doi:10.1270/jsbbs.52.319 · Cited by 160 · see citing works
Feng, H., Ma, N.-N., Meng, X., Zhang, S., Wang, J.-R., Chai, S., & Meng, Q. (2013) · Plant Physiology and Biochemistry · doi:10.1016/j.plaphy.2013.09.014 · Cited by 154 · see citing works
Bulk segregation analysis in the NGS era: a review of its teenage years
Li, Z., & Xu, Y. (2021) · The Plant Journal · doi:10.1111/tpj.15646 · Cited by 145 · see citing works
OsNAC45 is Involved in ABA Response and Salt Tolerance in Rice
Xiang, Z., Yan, L., Huang, J., & Xia, J. (2020) · Rice · doi:10.1186/s12284-020-00440-1 · Cited by 130 · see citing works
Physiological Responses of Contrasting Rice Genotypes to Salt Stress at Reproductive Stage
Gerona-Daga, M. E., Ocampo, M. D., Egdane, J. A., Ismail, A. M., & Dionisio‐Sese, M. L. (2019) · Rice Science · doi:10.1016/j.rsci.2019.05.001 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
Lei, L., Zheng, H., Bi, Y., Yang, L., Liu, H., Wang, J., Sun, J., Zhao, H., Li, X., Li, J., et al. (2020) · Rice · doi:10.1186/s12284-020-00416-1 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Potential Breeding Strategies for Improving Salt Tolerance in Crop Plants
Afzal, M., Hindawi, S. E. S., Alghamdi, S. S., Migdadi, H. H., Khan, M. A., Hasnain, M., Arslan, M., Rahman, M. H. U., & Sohaib, M. (2022) · Journal of Plant Growth Regulation · doi:10.1007/s00344-022-10797-w · Cited by 112 · see citing works
Thai Hom Mali Rice: Origin and Breeding for Subsistence Rainfed Lowland Rice System
Vanavichit, A., Kamolsukyeunyong, W., Siangliw, M., Siangliw, J. L., Traprab, S., Ruengphayak, S., Chaichoompu, E., Saensuk, C., Phuvanartnarubal, E., Toojinda, T., et al. (2018) · Rice · doi:10.1186/s12284-018-0212-7 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
High-performance pipeline for MutMap and QTL-seq
Sugihara, Y., Young, L., Yaegashi, H., Natsume, S., Shea, D. J., Takagi, H., Booker, H., Innan, H., Terauchi, R., & Abe, A. (2022) · PeerJ · doi:10.7717/peerj.13170 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Introgressed Saltol QTL Lines Improves the Salinity Tolerance in Rice at Seedling Stage
Krishnamurthy, S. L., Pundir, P., Warraich, A. S., Rathor, S., Lokeshkumar, B. M., Singh, N. K., & Sharma, P. C. (2020) · Frontiers in Plant Science · doi:10.3389/fpls.2020.00833 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Chen, R., Cheng, Y., Han, S., Handel, B. V., Dong, L., Li, X., & Xie, X. (2017) · BMC Genomics · doi:10.1186/s12864-017-4037-3 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Mao, C., Ding, J., Zhang, B., Xi, D., & Ming, F. (2018) · The Plant Journal · doi:10.1111/tpj.13867 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Yu, L., Liu, X., Boge, W., & Liu, X. (2016) · Frontiers in Plant Science · doi:10.3389/fpls.2016.00956 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Arikit, S., Wanchana, S., Khanthong, S., Saensuk, C., Thianthavon, T., Vanavichit, A., & Toojinda, T. (2019) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-019-44856-2 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Yadav, A. K., KUMAR, A. T., Grover, N., Ellur, R. K., Krishnan, S. G., Bollinedi, H., Bhowmick, P. K., Vinod, K. K., Nagarajan, M., Krishnamurthy, S. L., et al. (2020) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-020-70664-0 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
The rice transcription factors OsICE confer enhanced cold tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis
Deng, C., Ye, H., Fan, M., Tong-liang, P., & Yan, J. (2017) · Plant Signaling & Behavior · doi:10.1080/15592324.2017.1316442 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Nitrate-responsive OsMADS27 promotes salt tolerance in rice
Alfatih, A., Zhang, J., Song, Y., Jan, S. U., Zhang, Z., Xia, J., Zhang, Z., Nazish, T., Wu, J., Zhao, P., et al. (2022) · Plant Communications · doi:10.1016/j.xplc.2022.100458 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Alam, R., Rahman, M. S., Seraj, Z. I., Thomson, M. J., Ismail, A. M., Tumimbang-Raiz, E., & Gregorio, G. B. (2011) · Plant Breeding · doi:10.1111/j.1439-0523.2010.01837.x · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Recent advances in rice science to design salinity and other abiotic stress tolerant rice varieties.
Gregorio, G. B., Islam, M., Vergara, G., & Thirumeni, S. (2013) · SABRAO Journal of Breeding and Genetics · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Yang, F., Dong, F., Hu, F.-H., Liu, Y., Chai, J., Zhao, H., Lv, M., & Zhou, S. (2020) · BMC Genetics · doi:10.1186/s12863-020-00916-5 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Moin, M., Bakshi, A., Saha, A., Kumar, M. U., Reddy, A. R., Rao, K. V., Siddiq, E. A., & Kirti, P. B. (2016) · Plant Cell & Environment · doi:10.1111/pce.12796 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Prakash, N. R., Lokeshkumar, B. M., Rathor, S., Warraich, A. S., Yadav, S. K., Vinaykumar, N. M., Dushynthkumar, B. M., Krishnamurthy, S. L., & Sharma, P. C. (2022) · Physiologia Plantarum · doi:10.1111/ppl.13629 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Verma, R. K., Kumar, V. V. S., Yadav, S. K., Kumar, T. S., Rao, M. V., & Chinnusamy, V. (2020) · Plant Signaling & Behavior · doi:10.1080/15592324.2020.1814547 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
The roles of histone methylation in the regulation of abiotic stress responses in plants
Shi, L., Cui, X., & Shen, Y. C. (2023) · Plant Stress · doi:10.1016/j.stress.2023.100303 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Kong, W., Zhang, C., Zhang, S., Qiang, Y., Zhang, Y., Zhong, H., & Li, Y. (2021) · Rice · doi:10.1186/s12284-021-00535-3 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Screening of salinity tolerance of rice at early seedling stage
Mondal, S., & Borromeo, T. H. (2016) · Journal of Bioscience and Agriculture Research · doi:10.18801/jbar.100116.102 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Abdel‐Hameed, A. A. E., Liao, W., Prasad, K. V. S. K., & Reddy, A. S. N. (2024) · Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences · doi:10.1080/10407782.2024.2302671 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Chutimanukul, P., Kositsup, B., Plaimas, K., Buaboocha, T., Siangliw, M., Toojinda, T., Comai, L., & Chadchawan, S. (2018) · Environmental and Experimental Botany · doi:10.1016/j.envexpbot.2018.07.019 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Gao, Q., Wang, H., Yin, X., Wang, F., Hu, S., Liu, W., Chen, L., Dai, X., & Liang, M. (2023) · Genes · doi:10.3390/genes14020458 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Jin, Z., Gao, S., Ma, W., Lyu, X., Cao, X., & Yao, Y. (2020) · Environmental and Experimental Botany · doi:10.1016/j.envexpbot.2020.104215 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Ju, C., Ma, X., Han, B., Zhang, W., Zhao, Z., Geng, L., Cui, D., & Han, L. (2022) · Frontiers in Plant Science · doi:10.3389/fpls.2022.1010654 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Kim, T., & Kim, S. (2023) · Plants · doi:10.3390/plants12061401 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
QTLs and Genes for Salt Stress Tolerance: A Journey from Seed to Seed Continued
Tiwari, K., Tiwari, S., Kumar, N., Sinha, S., Krishnamurthy, S. L., Singh, R., Kalia, S., Singh, N. K., & Rai, V. (2024) · Plants · doi:10.3390/plants13081099 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
OsBBX11 on qSTS4 links to salt tolerance at the seeding stage in Oryza sativa L. ssp. Japonica
Lei, L., Cao, L., Ding, G., Zhou, J., Luo, Y. H., Bai, L., Xia, T., Chen, L., Wang, J., Liu, K., et al. (2023) · Frontiers in Plant Science · doi:10.3389/fpls.2023.1139961 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Agarwal, P., & Khurana, P. (2018) · Plant Gene · doi:10.1016/j.plgene.2018.100168 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Bommisetty, R., Chakravartty, N., Bodanapu, R., Naik, J. B., Panda, S. K., Lekkala, S. P., Lalam, K., Thomas, G., Mallikarjuna, S. J., Eswar, G. R., et al. (2020) · Molecular Biology Reports · doi:10.1007/s11033-020-05904-7 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Sonsungsan, P., Chantanakool, P., Suratanee, A., Buaboocha, T., Comai, L., Chadchawan, S., & Plaimas, K. (2021) · Frontiers in Plant Science · doi:10.3389/fpls.2021.744654 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Sriden, N., & Charoensawan, V. (2022) · Plant Molecular Biology · doi:10.1007/s11103-021-01223-y · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Thianthavon, T., Aesomnuk, W., Pitaloka, M. K., Sattayachiti, W., Sonsom, Y., Nubankoh, P., Malichan, S., Riangwong, K., Ruanjaichon, V., Toojinda, T., et al. (2021) · Genes · doi:10.3390/genes12101587 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Wang, L., Du, M., Wang, B., Duan, H., Zhang, B., Wang, D., Li, Y., & Wang, J. (2022) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-022-17839-z · Cited by 15 · see citing works
QTL-seq Identifies Genomic Regions Associated with Resistance to Dirty Panicle Disease in Rice
Riangwong, K., Aesomnuk, W., Sonsom, Y., Siangliw, M., Unartngam, J., Toojinda, T., Wanchana, S., & Arikit, S. (2023) · Agronomy · doi:10.3390/agronomy13071905 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
RicetissueTFDB: A Genome‐Wide Identification of Tissue‐Specific Transcription Factors in Rice
Chen, W., Chen, Z., Luo, F.-Y., Liao, M., Wei, S., Yang, Z., & Yang, J. (2018) · The Plant Genome · doi:10.3835/plantgenome2017.09.0081 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Songtoasesakul, D., Aesomnuk, W., Pannak, S., Siangliw, J. L., Siangliw, M., Toojinda, T., Wanchana, S., & Arikit, S. (2023) · Agriculture · doi:10.3390/agriculture13081596 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Pruthi, R., Chapagain, S., Coronejo, S., Singh, L., & Subudhi, P. K. (2022) · Food and Energy Security · doi:10.1002/fes3.433 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Maniruzzaman, S., Rahman, M. A., Hasan, M., Rasul, M. G., Molla, A. H., Khatun, H., Iftekharuddaula, K. M., Kabir, M., & Akter, S. (2023) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms241311141 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Oelviani, R. M., Adiyoga, W., Bakti, I., Suhendrata, T., Malik, A., Chanifah, C., Samijan, S., Sahara, D., Sutanto, H. A., Wulanjari, M. E., et al. (2023) · Weather Climate and Society · doi:10.1175/wcas-d-23-0025.1 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Li, C., Lu, C., Yang, M., Wu, G., Nyasulu, M., He, H., He, X., & Bian, J. (2024) · Plants · doi:10.3390/plants13020174 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Phosuwan, S., Nounjan, N., Theerakulpisut, P., Siangliw, M., & Charoensawan, V. (2024) · Frontiers in Plant Science · doi:10.3389/fpls.2024.1264909 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Molecular and Physiological Insights into Plant Stress Tolerance and Applications in Agriculture
(2023) · BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBLISHERS eBooks · doi:10.2174/97898151365621230101 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
2 of the 75 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
A comprehensive review on rice responses and tolerance to salt stress
Sackey, O. K., Feng, N., Mohammed, Y. Z., Dzou, C. F., Zheng, D., Zhao, L., & Shen, X. (2025) · Frontiers in Plant Science · doi:10.3389/fpls.2025.1561280 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Emerging applications of gene editing technologies for the development of climate-resilient crops
Chavhan, R. L., Jaybhaye, S. G., Hinge, V. R., Deshmukh, A. S., Shaikh, U. S., Jadhav, P. K., Kadam, U. S., & Hong, J. C. (2025) · Frontiers in Genome Editing · doi:10.3389/fgeed.2025.1524767 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Quddus, M. R., Rahman, M. A., Hasan, M., Rasul, M. G., Mannan, M. A., & Hasan, M. J. (2026) · Gene · doi:10.1016/j.gene.2026.150003 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Silaiyiman, S., Zheng, Q., Wang, Y., Ouyang, L., Guo, Z., Yu, J., Chen, R., Peng, R., & Shen, C. (2024) · Agronomy · doi:10.3390/agronomy14061214 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Sadaat, S. M., Bihamta, M. R., Mohammadi, V., & Mahlooji, M. (2026) · BMC Plant Biology · doi:10.1186/s12870-026-09622-3
- Authors
- Leawtrakun, J., Aesomnuk, W., Khanthong, S., Dumhai, R., Songtoasesakul, D., Phosuwan, S., Nuanpirom, J., Charoensawan, V., Siangliw, J. L., Ruanjaichon, V., Toojinda, T., Wanchana, S., Siangliw, M., & Arikit, S.
- Affiliations
- Kasetsart University (TH)
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (TH)
- Mahidol University (TH)
- Siriraj Hospital (TH)
- Corresponding author
- Siangliw, Meechai
- Arikit, Siwaret
- ORCID
- Venue
- Agronomy
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2024-04-28
- Volume
- 14
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 929
- ISSN
- 2073-4395 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4396576798
- Cited by
- 5
- References
- 75
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 1
- FWCI
- 1.33
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Agronomy (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Thailand (P-18-51456, P-19-50205, P-23-51489, NRCT-RTA/812/2563, N34E670027, TG-22-11-61-052M)
- National Research Council of Thailand (P-18-51456, P-19-50205, P-23-51489, NRCT-RTA/812/2563, N34E670027, TG-22-11-61-052M)
- Thailand Rice Science Research Hub of Knowledge (P-18-51456, P-19-50205, P-23-51489, NRCT-RTA/812/2563, N34E670027, TG-22-11-61-052M)
- National Science, Research and Innovation Fund, Thailand Science Research and innovation (TSRI) (P-18-51456, P-19-50205, P-23-51489, NRCT-RTA/812/2563, N34E670027, TG-22-11-61-052M)
- Thailand Graduate Institute of Science and Technology (TGIST) Scholarship, National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA) (P-18-51456, P-19-50205, P-23-51489, NRCT-RTA/812/2563, N34E670027, TG-22-11-61-052M)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic Mapping and Diversity in Plants and Animals
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Plant Stress Responses and Tolerance
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Rice Cultivation and Yield Improvement
- Keywords
- rice, salt tolerance, seedling stage, QTL-seq, chromosome segment substitution lines, candidate genes, KDML105, chromosome 1, MADS-box transcription factors, soil salinization, salt stress
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
