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Cited by 265Animal testing and alternativesAnimal Law and WelfareHistory of Science and Medicine

Animal Experiments in Biomedical Research: A Historical Perspective

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Franco, Nuno·2013·Animals
DOI 10.3390/ani3010238PMC PMC4495509
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Abstract

The use of non-human animals in biomedical research has given important contributions to the medical progress achieved in our day, but it has also been a cause of heated public, scientific and philosophical discussion for hundreds of years. This review, with a mainly European outlook, addresses the history of animal use in biomedical research, some of its main protagonists and antagonists, and its effect on society from Antiquity to the present day, while providing a historical context with which to understand how we have arrived at the current paradigm regarding the ethical treatment of animals in research.

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Authors
Franco, N.
Affiliations
Universidade do Porto (PT)
Corresponding author
Franco, Nuno
ORCID
Franco, Nuno
Venue
Animals
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2013-03-19
Volume
3
Issue
1
Pages
238-273
ISSN
2076-2615 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.3390/ani3010238
PMC
PMC4495509
OpenAlex
W2124183503
Cited by
265
References
165
Citations by year
2026: 21 · 2025: 31 · 2024: 31 · 2023: 24 · 2022: 30 · 2021: 24 · 2020: 27 · 2019: 24 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 3
FWCI
1.70
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Animals (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Veterinary › Small Animals › Animal testing and alternatives
  • Social Sciences › Law › Animal Law and Welfare
  • Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › History and Philosophy of Science › History of Science and Medicine
Keywords
animal experimentation, history of animal research, biomedical research, animal ethics, animal welfare, European history

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