Recycling Waste Paver Blocks in the Manufacture of New Concrete Paver Blocks and Building Bricks
Open accessAbstract
This study investigates the feasibility of recycling various waste paving blocks as raw materials for concrete. The recycling rate of waste blocks in Korea remains around 11%. Therefore, three types of waste paving blocks, i.e., recycled clay-, granite-, and concrete block, were used as partial replacements for sand in a concrete mixture at 10%, 20%, and 30% replacement ratios. According to the Korean standards for concrete pavers and building bricks, compressive strength, flexural strength, and water absorption tests were conducted. In addition, UPV and unit weight tests were performed. The results showed that the performance of concrete mixtures decreased with the increasing replacement ratio of waste clay and concrete, while the addition of waste granite improved the properties of the mixtures. All the prepared concrete mixtures met the requirements specified in the standards, demonstrating that concrete incorporating waste blocks can be used as paving blocks and building bricks under limited conditions.
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For concrete paving blocks, structural elements, and exterior building bricks, water absorption should be less than 7%.
“For concrete paving blocks, structural elements, and exterior building bricks, the water absorption should be less than 7% [128].”
From Transforming Plastic Waste into Value: A Review of Management Strategies and Innovative Applications in Sustainable Construction (2025) · cites this paper as [128]
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Haba, B., Djellali, S., Abdelouahed, Y., Boudjelida, S., Faleschini, F., & Carraro, M. (2025) · Polymers · doi:10.3390/polym17070881 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
- Authors
- Kim, J., & Kim, N.
- Affiliations
- Wrocław University of Science and Technology (PL)
- School of Industrial Design & Architectural Engineering, Korea University of Technology & Education, 1600 Chungjeol-ro, Byeongcheon-myeon, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan 31253, Chungnam, Korea
- ORCID
- Kim, Jeonghyun
- Venue
- Applied Sciences
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2022-10-29
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- 21
- Pages
- 10970
- ISSN
- 2076-3417 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4307949316
- Cited by
- 10
- References
- 28
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 4 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 1
- FWCI
- 0.77
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Applied Sciences (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, and Transport (MOLIT) and the Korea Agency for Infrastructure Technology Advancement (KAIA) (22POQW-C152690-04)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Building and Construction › Recycled Aggregate Concrete Performance
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Building and Construction › Materials Engineering and Processing
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Building and Construction › Recycling and utilization of industrial and municipal waste in materials production
- Keywords
- concrete paver blocks, building bricks, partial sand replacement, waste clay, concrete waste, compressive strength, flexural strength, water absorption, ultrasonic pulse velocity, unit weight, recycled aggregate concrete
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