Cited by 131Anaerobic Digestion and Biogas ProductionBiofuel production and bioconversionMicrobial Fuel Cells and Bioremediation

Production of Biogas and Biomethane as Renewable Energy Sources: A Review

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Mignogna, Debora, Ceci, Paolo, Cafaro, Claudia, Corazzi, Giulia, Avino, Pasquale·2023·Applied Sciences

Abstract

An economy based on renewable energy sources is the hallmark of responsible companies. Climate policy and energy crisis commitments have led to a search for alternative ways to produce energy. Bioenergy is considered the most consistent renewable energy source due to its economic and environmental benefits. Biogas and biomethane are promising forms of renewable energy derived from widely available evergreen raw materials. Agricultural, animal, industrial and food wastes are excellent substrates used to produce clean and sustainable energy in a circular economy context. Their conversion into biogas and biomethane through the anaerobic digestion (AD) process is an efficient solution to the treatment of waste of different origins. The production and use of biomethane favor important environmental advantages, such as the reduction in greenhouse gas emissions compared with those deriving from the use of conventional fossil fuels. This review would like to highlight modern trends and approaches to evaluate processes and strategies to control biogas and biomethane production. In particular, the use of livestock waste for the digestion process and the reuse of the by-product as fertilizer, as well as the potential development of biogas and biomethane as prospects for the improvement and optimization of renewable energy sources, are discussed.

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Crossref · 10.3390/app131810219

Cites

150 of 150 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

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  • Biogas serves as a fuel source that reduces carbon emissions and promotes self-reliance in industrial complexes.

    “Furthermore, biogas serves as a fuel source that not only reduces carbon emissions but also promotes self-reliance in industrial complexes [112].”
  • Legislative frameworks often determine acceptable techniques for applying substances, considering variables such as kind of crops, soil conditions, and proximity to bodies of water to avoid runoff and pollution of nutrients.

    “Legislative frameworks often determine the acceptable techniques for applying substances, considering variables, such as the kind of crops, soil conditions, and proximity to bodies of water in order to avoid the runoff and pollution of nutrients [112].”

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Authors
Mignogna, D., Ceci, P., Cafaro, C., Corazzi, G., & Avino, P.
Affiliations
  • University of Molise (IT)
  • Institute of Atmospheric Pollution Research (IT)
Corresponding author
Avino, Pasquale
Venue
Applied Sciences
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2023-09-12
Volume
13
Issue
18
Pages
10219
ISSN
2076-3417 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W4386687818
Cited by
122
References
150
Citations by year
2026: 32 · 2025: 54 · 2024: 33 · 2023: 3
FWCI
14.68
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Applied Sciences (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
  • Archivio Istituzionale della Ricerca - Università degli Studi del Molise (submittedVersion)
Funders
University of Molise and Italian National Research Council (Istituto sull’Inquinamento Atmosferico)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Building and Construction › Anaerobic Digestion and Biogas Production
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Biofuel production and bioconversion
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Environmental Engineering › Microbial Fuel Cells and Bioremediation
Keywords
biogas production, biomethane, anaerobic digestion, renewable energy, bioenergy, agricultural waste, livestock waste, industrial waste, food waste, circular economy, greenhouse gas emissions reduction, fertilizers, process optimization

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