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Monitoring Contractility of Junctional Zone Endometrium across Menstrual Cycle Using the ElectroUteroGraph (EUG): A Clinical Evaluation
Open accessAbstract
(1) Background: Abnormal uterine contractility for nonpregnant women has been associated with gynecological pathologies and infertility. The objective of this study was to evaluate the ability of a novel monitoring technique to assess the contractility of the nongravid uterus using a simple, standardized, direct, in vivo methodology during the different phases of the menstrual cycle. (2) Methods: Twenty-six healthy women of reproductive age (28–48 years) were recruited. An ElectroUteroGraph (EUG) was used to measure the electrical activity from the contractility of the junctional zone endometrium (JZE) across the menstrual cycle. Derived recordings were separated into the early proliferative (EP) (n = 10), late proliferative (LP) (n = 31), early luteal (EL) (n = 27), and late luteal (LL) (n = 12) phases of the menstrual cycle. EUG recordings were performed by inserting a flexible electrode array into the endometrial cavity. (3) Results: Waveforms that were measured from the electrode closer to the fundus (1 cm distance) were processed. The Root-Mean-Square (RMS) Voltage Amplitude (VJZE-RMS) (in μV) and the Mean Frequency (fJZE-mean) (in cycles/min) of the JZE’s electrical activity, as direct indicators of the intensity and frequency changes in the JZE’s contractions, were extracted from the recorded waveforms. There was a trend in the median values of the VJZE-RMS decreasing from the EP to the LP phase (247–158 μV). During the EL phase, an upward trend was observed (158–374 μV, p < 0.05), reaching its highest value during the LL phase (374–477 μV, p < 0.05) when compared to the LP phase. The fJZE-mean showed the opposite trend, increasing from 2.5 cycles/min during the EP phase to 2.96 cycles/min during the LP phase. During the EL phase, a downward trend was observed (2.96–2.37 cycles/min), continuing to fall to 1.33 cycles/min, in the LL phase, with p < 0.05 when compared to the previous three phases. (4) Conclusions: The novel in vivo monitoring technique has shown clinically, for the first time, significant electrical activity differences in the different sub-phases of the menstrual cycle, recorded in a safe and painless way.
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Novel techniques such as the ElectroUteroGraph (EUG) and computer-assisted tissue imaging analysis (CATIA) show promising results in monitoring uterine contractility and pathologies affecting tissue histology.
“Novel techniques such as the ElectroUteroGraph (EUG) and computer-assisted tissue imaging analysis (CATIA) show promising results in monitoring the uterine contractility and pathologies affecting tissue histology.”
From Malignancy in Abdominal Wall Endometriosis: Is There a Way to Avoid It? A Systematic Review (2024) · cites this paper as [54]
The Discussion (page unavailable) says the EUG shows promise for assessing uterine physiology and reports measurements of contractility across the menstrual cycle in healthy, parous, nonpregnant women. The paper does not address CATIA or its use to assess pathologies affecting tissue histology. (LLM, conf=0.88)
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Malignancy in Abdominal Wall Endometriosis: Is There a Way to Avoid It? A Systematic Review
Alaert, J., Lancelle, M., Timmermans, M., Tanos, P., Nisolle, M., & Karampelas, S. (2024) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm13082282 · Cited by 9
“Further development of such techniques could be of great assistance in the early diagnosis and management of AWE [53,54].”
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Gillet, E., Tanos, P., Kerrebroeck, H. V., Karampelas, S., Valkenburg, M. H., Argay, I., Sugihara, A., Gordts, S., & Campo, R. (2025) · Facts Views and Vision in ObGyn · doi:10.52054/fvvo.2025.89
Self-citationAbdallah, K. S., Zahran, K. M., Othman, M. A., & Nasr, A. (2026) · Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology · doi:10.1186/s12958-026-01587-0
Metadata
- Authors
- Tanos, V., Tanos, P., & Georgiou, J.
- Affiliations
- University of Nicosia (CY)
- University of Aberdeen (GB)
- University of Cyprus (CY)
- Corresponding author
- Tanos, Panayiotis
- Venue
- Applied Sciences
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2024-01-08
- Volume
- 14
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 546
- ISSN
- 2076-3417 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4390662787
- Cited by
- 4
- References
- 26
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 1
- FWCI
- 2.20
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Applied Sciences (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- European Union (GRAND/1221/0115)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Gynecological conditions and treatments
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Reproductive System and Pregnancy
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Reproductive Health and Contraception
- Keywords
- uterine contractility, menstrual cycle phases, non-pregnant uterus, luteal phase, proliferative phase, contraction frequency, infertility, electrode arrays, dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia
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