Effect of Helix aspersa Mucus on the Regeneration of Skin with Photoaging Features in Different Methods of Application
Open accessAbstract
Skin aging is associated with both intrinsic and extrinsic aging, with extrinsic aging caused by environmental factors and overlaying the effects of chronological aging. The main aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of preparations containing Helix aspersa snail mucus on skin regeneration with photoaging features. Before and 3 months after the series of treatments, skin biopsy specimens from the right preauricular region of the face were taken from six women. Histological, morphometric, and immunohistochemical analyses were performed. Positive changes, indicating a reduction in photoaging related to the reduction in epidermis thickness 3 months after the end of the treatments, were noted in each group. A statistically significant increase in the thickness of the collagen fiber bundles was also observed in the patients 3 months after a series of micro-needle mesotherapy treatments with snail mucus and 0.9% NaCl. There was a significant increase in the immuno-expression of Ki-67 and PCNA in the dermis. The aforementioned significance applies to patients in whom snail mucus was introduced with the use of micro-needle mesotherapy and needle-free mesotherapy. Moreover, a statistically significant increased area with the immunoexpression of MMP-2 in the dermis was observed in the above-mentioned groups of patients, who were treated with the preparation containing snail filtrate. The results of the study suggest that the use of snail mucus preparations for skincare, as well as its introduction by micro-needle and needleless mesotherapy, had a beneficial effect on the condition of the skin.
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Garden snail mucus consists of 90-99% water and glycosaminoglycans (hyaluronic acid), allantoin, metalloproteins containing copper, zinc, iron, and manganese, glycoproteins, polyphenols, various enzymes, peptides, proteins, different vitamins, glycolic acid, etc.
“The garden snail mucus consists of 90–99% water and glycosaminoglycans (hyaluronic acid), allantoin, metalloproteins containing copper, zinc, iron, and manganese, glycoproteins (mucin, lectin, and mitomycin), polyphenols, various enzymes, peptides, proteins, different vitamins, glycolic acid, etc.”
From Chemical Variability and Biological Potential of Cornu aspersum Mucus as a Source for the Development of New Cosmetic and Pharmaceutical Products (2025) · cites this paper as [32]
In a Polish study, the largest accumulation of elastic fibers in the dermis was observed in group C, which received needle-free mesotherapy with snail mucus.
“The largest accumulation of elastic fibers in the dermis was observed in group C.”
From Chemical Variability and Biological Potential of Cornu aspersum Mucus as a Source for the Development of New Cosmetic and Pharmaceutical Products (2025) · cites this paper as [32]
Collagen and elastic fibers in the extracellular matrix of skin degrade under factors including ultraviolet radiation, forming wrinkles, increased skin laxity, and loss of skin firmness.
“The important components of the extracellular matrix of skin are collagen and elastic fibers, which degrade under the influence of different factors, among which is ultraviolet (UV) radiation, forming wrinkles, increased skin laxity, and loss of skin firmness [32,57,60].”
From Chemical Variability and Biological Potential of Cornu aspersum Mucus as a Source for the Development of New Cosmetic and Pharmaceutical Products (2025) · cites this paper as [32]
Photoaging of the skin may be associated with changes in the expression of MMP-2 (gelatinases).
“Photoaging of the skin may be associated with changes in the expression of MMP-2 (gelatinases).”
From Chemical Variability and Biological Potential of Cornu aspersum Mucus as a Source for the Development of New Cosmetic and Pharmaceutical Products (2025) · cites this paper as [32]
MMPs are responsible for reorganization of the extracellular matrix of skin, including arrangement and structure of collagen fibers, wound healing, and scarring, and are involved in the development of some skin diseases.
“On the one hand, extracellular matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are responsible for the reorganization of the extracellular matrix of skin, including the arrangement and structure of collagen fibers, wound healing, and scarring. On the other hand, MMPs are involved in the development of some skin diseases.”
From Chemical Variability and Biological Potential of Cornu aspersum Mucus as a Source for the Development of New Cosmetic and Pharmaceutical Products (2025) · cites this paper as [32]
Marchlewicz et al. suggested that micro-needle mesotherapy improves skin condition on the basis of the thickness of collagen fiber bundles in the reticular layer of the skin, which increased by 43%, 33.8%, and 17% in groups A, B, and C, respectively.
“Marchlewicz et al. (2024) suggested that micro-needle mesotherapy improves skin condition on the basis of the thickness of collagen fiber bundles in the reticular layer of the skin, which increased by 43%, 33.8%, and 17% in groups A, B, and C, respectively [32].”
From Chemical Variability and Biological Potential of Cornu aspersum Mucus as a Source for the Development of New Cosmetic and Pharmaceutical Products (2025) · cites this paper as [32]
The snail secretion filtrate is the most common raw material in cosmetics.
“The snail secretion filtrate is the most common raw material in cosmetics [2,32].”
From Chemical Variability and Biological Potential of Cornu aspersum Mucus as a Source for the Development of New Cosmetic and Pharmaceutical Products (2025) · cites this paper as [32]
Cosmetic products containing snail mucus are being developed to decrease stretch marks, acne, and pigment spots; soothe and moisturize the skin; eliminate signs of photoaging and reduce damage caused by free radicals; fight age-related skin changes; and recover gray hair color.
“Cosmetic products in different forms containing snail mucus (ampoules, creams, serums, etc.) are being developed that are designed to decrease stretch marks, acne, and pigment spots; to soothe and moisturize the skin; to eliminate signs of photoaging and reduce damage caused by free radicals; to fight age-related skin changes; to recover gray hair color; etc.”
From Chemical Variability and Biological Potential of Cornu aspersum Mucus as a Source for the Development of New Cosmetic and Pharmaceutical Products (2025) · cites this paper as [32]
In the Polish study, a significant decrease in Ki-67 immunoexpression in the epidermis was observed in groups A and C by 57.8% and 55.4%.
“A significant decrease in Ki-67 immunoexpression in the epidermis was observed in groups A and C by 57.8% and 55.4% [32].”
From Chemical Variability and Biological Potential of Cornu aspersum Mucus as a Source for the Development of New Cosmetic and Pharmaceutical Products (2025) · cites this paper as [32]
Snail mucus mesotherapy resulted in decreased immunoexpression of the cellular proliferation marker Ki67 in the epidermis, but there was an increase in Ki67 and the proliferating cell nuclear antigen in the dermis.
“On the one hand, the snail mucus mesotherapy resulted in decreased immunoexpression of the cellular proliferation marker Ki67 in the epidermis, which, according to the authors, can be connected to the regenerative properties of snail filtrate, but on the other hand, there was an increase in Ki67 and the proliferating cell nuclear antigen in the dermis.”
From Chemical Variability and Biological Potential of Cornu aspersum Mucus as a Source for the Development of New Cosmetic and Pharmaceutical Products (2025) · cites this paper as [32]
Cited by
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Hudz, N., Turkina, V., Alyokhina, T., Motyka, O., Chemerys, N., Rumynska, T., Lozynskyi, A., Jasicka-Misiak, I., & Kobylinska, L. (2025) · Molecules · doi:10.3390/molecules30214197 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
- Authors
- Marchlewicz, M., Wojnarowicz, J., Wilk, A., Misiakiewicz-Has, K., Wiszniewska, B., Szumilas, K., & Duchnik, E.
- Affiliations
- Pomeranian Medical University (PL)
- Corresponding author
- Wilk, Aleksandra
- Misiakiewicz-Has, Kamila
- ORCID
- Venue
- Applied Sciences
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2024-08-21
- Volume
- 14
- Issue
- 16
- Pages
- 7394
- ISSN
- 2076-3417 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4401894637
- Cited by
- 4
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 2
- FWCI
- 1.64
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Applied Sciences (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Nature Cosmetics, Healthy Skin line, Siewierz, Poland
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Dermatology › Skin Protection and Aging
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Dermatology › Dermatologic Treatments and Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Rehabilitation › Wound Healing and Treatments
- Keywords
- skin regeneration, photoaging, extrinsic skin aging, epidermal thickness, collagen bundles, Ki-67, PCNA, MMP-2
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