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Cited by 52Photonic and Optical DevicesAdvanced Fiber Optic SensorsPhotorefractive and Nonlinear Optics

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Polymer Waveguide-Based Optical Sensors—Interest in Bio, Gas, Temperature, and Mechanical Sensing Applications

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Khonina, Svetlana N., Voronkov, Grigory S., Grakhova, Elizaveta P., Kazanskiy, Nikolay L., Kutluyarov, Ruslan V., Butt, Muhammad A.·2023·Coatings
DOI 10.3390/coatings13030549
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Abstract

In the realization of photonic integrated devices, materials such as polymers are crucial. Polymers have shown compatibility with several patterning techniques, are generally affordable, and may be functionalized to obtain desired optical, electrical, or mechanical characteristics. Polymer waveguides are a viable platform for optical connectivity since they are easily adaptable to on-chip and on-board integration and promise low propagation losses <1 dB/cm. Furthermore, polymer waveguides can be made to be extremely flexible, able to withstand bending, twisting, and even stretching. Optical sensing is an interesting field of research that is gaining popularity in polymer photonics. Due to its huge potential for use in several industries, polymer waveguide-based sensors have attracted a lot of attention. Due to their resilience to electromagnetic fields, optical sensors operate better in difficult situations, such as those found in electrical power generating and conversion facilities. In this review, the most widely used polymer materials are discussed for integrated photonics. Moreover, four significant sensing applications of polymer-waveguide based sensors which include biosensing, gas sensing, temperature sensing and mechanical sensing have been debated.

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Metadata

Authors
Khonina, S. N., Voronkov, G. S., Grakhova, E. P., Kazanskiy, N. L., Kutluyarov, R. V., & Butt, M. A.
Affiliations
  • Samara National Research University (RU)
  • Ufa University of Science and Technology (RU)
Corresponding author
Butt, Muhammad A.
ORCID
Venue
Coatings
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2023-03-03
Volume
13
Issue
3
Pages
549
ISSN
2079-6412 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.3390/coatings13030549
OpenAlex
W4323313385
Cited by
52
References
1
Citations by year
2026: 12 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 13
FWCI
3.86
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
Coatings (publishedVersion, cc-by)
Funders
  • Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (FSSS-2021-0016, 007-GZ/Ch3363/26, 075-03-2021-014)
  • Russian Academy of Sciences (FSSS-2021-0016, 007-GZ/Ch3363/26, 075-03-2021-014)
  • Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation within the state assignment for the UUST (FSSS-2021-0016, 007-GZ/Ch3363/26, 075-03-2021-014)
  • Eurasian Scientific and Educational Center (FSSS-2021-0016, 007-GZ/Ch3363/26, 075-03-2021-014)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Photonic and Optical Devices
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Advanced Fiber Optic Sensors
  • Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Photorefractive and Nonlinear Optics
Keywords
polymer waveguides, optical sensors, polymer photonics, integrated photonics, biosensing, gas sensing, temperature sensing, mechanical sensing, flexible waveguides, low propagation loss, on-chip integration

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