Cellular Automata Framework for Dementia Classification Using Explainable AI
Open accessAbstract
The clinical dementia rating scale has been used for analyzing dementia severity based on cognitive impairments. Many researchers have introduced various statistical methods and machine learning techniques for the classification of dementia severity. Feature importance with deep learning architecture can give a better analysis of the dementia severity. A CA framework has been proposed for the classification of cognitive impairment, and LIME has been used for explaining the local interpretability. Feature vectors for healthy and unhealthy classes have been converted to redistributed CA images. These CA images have been classified using deep learning architecture, and promising results have been achieved. GRAD-CAM and LIME explainer have captured the feature importance of the cognitive impairment of CA images.
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PSEN1 and PSEN2 mutations are important genetic factors closely associated with early-onset AD and impact γ-secretase cleavage products such as Aβ.
“PSEN1 and PSEN2 mutations, which are closely associated with early-onset AD and impact the γ-secretase cleavage products, such as Aβ, are important genetic factors.”
From Recent Advances in Therapeutics for the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease (2024) · cites this paper as [214]
PSEN1 and PSEN2 mutations may be the cause of neuroinflammation by activating microglia and producing inflammatory cytokines.
“They may also be the cause of neuroinflammation by activating microglia and producing inflammatory cytokines.”
From Recent Advances in Therapeutics for the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease (2024) · cites this paper as [214]
For ADs, precision medicine focuses on genetic and biomarker analysis to improve therapy approaches, risk assessment, and diagnosis.
“For ADs, precision medicine focuses on genetic and biomarker analysis to improve therapy approaches, risk assessment, and diagnosis.”
From Recent Advances in Therapeutics for the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease (2024) · cites this paper as [214]
PSEN1 and PSEN2 mutations have been linked to a high frequency of seizures, accounting for about 32% of cases.
“These mutations have been linked to a high frequency of seizures, accounting for about 32% of cases.”
From Recent Advances in Therapeutics for the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease (2024) · cites this paper as [214]
This neuroimaging allows for disease stratification and may facilitate an earlier diagnosis.
“This allows for disease stratification and may even facilitate an earlier diagnosis [214,215].”
From Recent Advances in Therapeutics for the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease (2024) · cites this paper as [214]
Neuroimaging techniques using FDG-PET, MRI, and PET for detection of tau and amyloid proteins have significantly advanced precision medicine in AD.
“With the use of fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-PET, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and positron emission tomography (PET) imaging for the detection of tau and amyloid proteins, neuroimaging techniques have significantly advanced precision medicine in AD.”
From Recent Advances in Therapeutics for the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease (2024) · cites this paper as [214]
The field of biomarkers is dominated by blood-based markers, including HFABP, NFL, NSE, t-Tau, p-Tau, and MCP-1.
“The field of biomarkers is dominated by blood-based markers, including heart-type fatty acid-binding protein (HFABP), neurofilament light chain (NFL), neuron-specific enolase (NSE), total tau (t-Tau), phosphorylated tau (p-Tau), and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1).”
From Recent Advances in Therapeutics for the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease (2024) · cites this paper as [214]
These blood-based markers provide information about the underlying pathophysiology of AD and are crucial for detecting the disease, especially in those with memory problems.
“These markers provide information about the underlying pathophysiology of AD and are crucial for detecting the disease, especially in those who have memory problems.”
From Recent Advances in Therapeutics for the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease (2024) · cites this paper as [214]
Several risk loci associated with apoptosis and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways, including USP6NL/ECHDC3, PFDN1/HBEGF, BZRAP1-AS1, and TPBG, have been identified by genome-wide association studies (GWAS).
“Furthermore, several risk loci associated with apoptosis and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways, including USP6NL/ECHDC3, PFDN1/HBEGF, BZRAP1-AS1, and TPBG, have been identified by genome-wide association studies (GWAS) [37,213,214].”
From Recent Advances in Therapeutics for the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease (2024) · cites this paper as [214]
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Recent Advances in Therapeutics for the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease
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“This allows for disease stratification and may even facilitate an earlier diagnosis [214,215].”
Background
- Authors
- Kesu, S. M. R., Sinha, N., & Ramasangu, H.
- Affiliations
- M S Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences (IN)
- Indian Institute of Science Bangalore (IN)
- Research Division, Relecura Technologies Pvt. Ltd., Bangalore 560066, Karnataka, India
- Corresponding author
- Kesu, Siva Manohar Reddy
- Venue
- ITISE 2024
- Publisher
- MDPI
- Published
- 2024-07-11
- Pages
- 36
- OpenAlex
- W4400535222
- Cited by
- 1
- References
- 16
- Citations by year
- 2024: 1
- FWCI
- 0.29
- Type
- conference paper
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Health Information Management › Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Keywords
- dementia severity classification, cognitive impairment, cellular automata, explainable AI, lime, Grad-CAM, feature importance, Clinical Dementia Rating
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