The DOI matches its Crossref record; 21 of the 21 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Treated Wastewater Effluent as a Source of Microbial Pollution of Surface Water Resources
Open accessAbstract
Since 1990, more than 1.8 billion people have gained access to potable water and improved sanitation worldwide. Whilst this represents a vital step towards improving global health and well-being, accelerated population growth coupled with rapid urbanization has further strained existing water supplies. Whilst South Africa aims at spending 0.5% of its GDP on improving sanitation, additional factors such as hydrological variability and growing agricultural needs have further increased dependence on this finite resource. Increasing pressure on existing wastewater treatment plants has led to the discharge of inadequately treated effluent, reinforcing the need to improve and adopt more stringent methods for monitoring discharged effluent and surrounding water sources. This review provides an overview of the relative efficiencies of the different steps involved in wastewater treatment as well as the commonly detected microbial indicators with their associated health implications. In addition, it highlights the need to enforce more stringent measures to ensure compliance of treated effluent quality to the existing guidelines.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Wastewater engineering : treatment and reuse
Metcalf, & Eddy (2004) · McGraw-Hill eBooks · Cited by 9,028
Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli
Nataro, J. P., & Kaper, J. B. (1998) · Clinical Microbiology Reviews · doi:10.1128/cmr.11.1.142 · Cited by 5,006
A review of the effects of emerging contaminants in wastewater and options for their removal
Bolong, N., Ismail, A. F., Salim, M. R., & Matsuura, T. (2009) · Desalination · doi:10.1016/j.desal.2008.03.020 · Cited by 1,323
Water Microbiology. Bacterial Pathogens and Water
Cabral, J. P. S. (2010) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph7103657 · Cited by 1,273
Microbial contamination of drinking water and disease outcomes in developing regions
Ashbolt, N. J. (2004) · Toxicology · doi:10.1016/j.tox.2004.01.030 · Cited by 1,080
Developments in wastewater treatment methods
Sonune, A., & Ghate, R. (2004) · Desalination · doi:10.1016/j.desal.2004.06.113 · Cited by 636
Leclerc, H., Mossel, D. A. A., Edberg, S. C., & Struijk, C. B. (2001) · Annual Review of Microbiology · doi:10.1146/annurev.micro.55.1.201 · Cited by 502
Çeçen, F., & Aktaş, Ö. (2011) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9783527639441 · Cited by 313
Inadequately Treated Wastewater as a Source of Human Enteric Viruses in the Environment
Okoh, A. I., Sibanda, T., & Gusha, S. S. (2010) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph7062620 · Cited by 305
Wakelin, S. A., Colloff, M. J., & Kookana, R. S. (2008) · Applied and Environmental Microbiology · doi:10.1128/aem.02348-07 · Cited by 250
Cited by
Ahmed, S. F., Mofijur, M., Nuzhat, S., Chowdhury, A. T., Rafa, N., Uddin, M. A., Inayat, A., Mahlia, T. M. I., Ong, H. C., Chia, W. Y., et al. (2021) · Journal of Hazardous Materials · doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125912 · Cited by 965
Imaging biofilms using fluorescence in situ hybridization: seeing is believing
Barbosa, A., Miranda, S., Azevedo, N. F., Cerqueira, L., & Azevedo, A. S. (2023) · Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fcimb.2023.1195803 · Cited by 63
Metadata
- Authors
- Naidoo, S., & Olaniran, A.
- Venue
- International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2013-12-23
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 249-270
- ISSN
- 1660-4601 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2048490258
- Cited by
- 405
- References
- 21
- FWCI
- 6.30
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Treated Wastewater Effluent as a Source of Microbial Pollution of Surface Water Resources. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.3390/ijerph110100249
- The paper
- Naidoo, S., & Olaniran, A. (2013). Treated Wastewater Effluent as a Source of Microbial Pollution of Surface Water Resources. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph110100249
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.