CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 29Electromagnetic Fields and Biological EffectsCarcinogens and Genotoxicity AssessmentEffects of Radiation Exposure

Effects of Long-Term Exposure to 60 GHz Millimeter-Wavelength Radiation on the Genotoxicity and Heat Shock Protein (Hsp) Expression of Cells Derived from Human Eye

Open access
Koyama, Shin, Narita, Eijiro, Shimizu, Yoko, Suzuki, Yukihisa, Shiina, Takeo, Taki, Masao, Shinohara, Naoki, Miyakoshi, Junji·2016·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
DOI 10.3390/ijerph13080802PMC PMC4997488
Open this paper in CoChat — free accountOpen PDF

Abstract

Human corneal epithelial (HCE-T) and human lens epithelial (SRA01/04) cells derived from the human eye were exposed to 60 gigahertz (GHz) millimeter-wavelength radiation for 24 h. There was no statistically significant increase in the micronucleus (MN) frequency in cells exposed to 60 GHz millimeter-wavelength radiation at 1 mW/cm2 compared with sham-exposed controls and incubator controls. The MN frequency of cells treated with bleomycin for 1 h provided positive controls. The comet assay, used to detect DNA strand breaks, and heat shock protein (Hsp) expression also showed no statistically significant effects of exposure. These results indicate that exposure to millimeter-wavelength radiation has no effect on genotoxicity in human eye cells.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.3390/ijerph13080802

Cites

1 of 1 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • Despite varied exposure models and methods, no statistically significant evidence of DNA damage was identified in comet assay studies of epithelial and skin cells.

    “Despite the varied exposure models and methods used, no statistically significant evidence of DNA damage was identified in these studies.”

    From 5G mobile networks and health—a state-of-the-science review of the research into low-level RF fields above 6 GHz (2021) · cites this paper as [16]

    The Results (Section 3.2, Comet Assay) report no significant difference in DNA-damage measures between exposed and control human eye epithelial cells. The paper does not report a comet assay of skin cells or establish this result across varied exposure models and methods; its Discussion also notes insufficient statistical power for the comet assay. (LLM, conf=0.86)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Research works printed but not linked: 27

  1. [1]Beneduci A. Chidichimo G. De Rose R. Filippelli L. Straface S.V. Venuta S. Frequency and irradiation time-dependent antiprolifirative effect of low-power millimetre waves on RPMI 7932 human melanoma cell line Anticancer Res. 2005 25 1023 1028 15868942
  2. [2]Korenstein-Ilan A. Barbul A. Hasin P. Eliran A. Gover A. Korenstein R. Terahertz radiation increases genomic instability in human lymphocytes Radiat. Res. 2008 170 224 234 10.1667/RR0944.1 18666810 · DOI · Paper page
  3. [3]Alexandrov B.S. Rasmussen K.Ø. Bishop A.R. Usheva A. Alexandrov L.B. Chong S. Dagon Y. Booshehri L.G. Mielke C.H. Phipps M.L. Non-thermal effects of terahertz radiation on gene expression in mouse stem cells Biomed. Opt. Express 2011 2 2679 2689 10.1364/BOE.2.002679 21991556 PMC3184876 · DOI
  4. [4]Hintzsche H. Jastrow C. Kleine-Ostmann T. Stopper H. Schmid E. Schrader T. Terahertz radiation induces spindle disturbances in human-hamster hybrid cells Radiat. Res. 2011 175 569 574 10.1667/RR2406.1 21388294 · DOI
  5. [5]Scarfì M.R. Romanò M. Di Pietro R. Zeni O. Doria A. Gallerano G.P. Giovenale E. Messina G. Lai A. Campurra G. THz exposure of whole blood for the study of biological effects on human lymphocytes J. Biol. Phys. 2003 29 171 176 10.1023/A:1024440708943 23345833 PMC3456423 · DOI
  6. [6]Bourne N. Clothier R.H. D’Arienzo M. Harrison P. The effects of terahertz radiation on human keratinocyte primary cultures and neural cell cultures Altern. Lab. Anim. 2008 36 667 684 19154093
  7. [7]Hintzsche H. Jastrow C. Heinen B. Baaske K. Kleine-Ostmann T. Schwerdtfeger M. Shakfa M.K. Kärst U. Koch M. Schrader T. Terahertz radiation at 0.380 THz and 2.520 THz does not lead to DNA damage in skin cells in vitro Radiat. Res. 2013 179 38 45 10.1667/RR3077.1 23181591 · DOI
  8. [8]Pikov V. Arakaki X. Harrington M. Fraser S.E. Siegel P.H. Modulation of neuronal activity and plasma membrane properties with low-power millimeter waves in organotypic cortical slices J. Neural Eng. 2010 7 10.1088/1741-2560/7/4/045003 20644247 · DOI
  9. [9]Beneduci A. Cosentino K. Romeo S. Massa R. Chidichimo G. Effect of millimetre waves on phosphatidylcholine membrane models: A non-thermal mechanism of interaction Soft Matter 2014 10 5559 5567 10.1039/C4SM00551A 24959858 · DOI
  10. [10]Cosentino K. Beneduci A. Ramundo-Orlando A. Chidichimo G. The influence of millimeter waves on the physical properties of large and giant unilamellar vesicles J. Biol. Phys. 2013 39 395 410 10.1007/s10867-012-9296-2 23860916 PMC3689357 · DOI
  11. [11]Romanenko S. Siegel P.H. Wagenaar D.A. Pikov V. Effects of millimeter wave irradiation and equivalent thermal heating on the activity of individual neurons in the leech ganglion J. Neurophysiol. 2014 112 2423 2431 10.1152/jn.00357.2014 25122711 PMC4233276 · DOI
  12. [12]Ramundo-Orlando A. Longo G. Cappelli M. Girasole M. Tarricone L. Beneduci A. Massa R. The response of giant phospholipid vesicles to millimeter waves radiation Biochim. Biophys. Acta 2009 1788 1497 1507 10.1016/j.bbamem.2009.04.006 19376085 · DOI
  13. [13]Gandhi O.P. Hagmann M.J. Hill D.W. Partlow L.M. Bush L. Millimeter wave absorption spectra of biological samples Bioelectromagnetics 1980 1 285 298 10.1002/bem.2250010305 6169346 · DOI · Paper page
  14. [14]Gandhi O.P. Some basic properties of biological tissues for potential biomedical applications of millimeter waves J. Microw. Power 1983 18 295 304 10.1080/16070658.1983.11689334 6197526 · DOI
  15. [15]Shiina T. Suzuki Y. Watanabe S. Taki M. High-efficiency applicator based on printed circuit board in millimeter-wave region IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech. 2015 63 3311 3318 10.1109/TMTT.2015.2472401 · DOI
  16. [16]Koyama S. Isozumi Y. Suzuki Y. Taki M. Miyakoshi J. Effects of 2.45-GHz electromagnetic fields with a wide range of SARs on micronucleus formation in CHO-K1 cells Sci. World J. 2004 4 29 40 10.1100/tsw.2004.176 15517100 PMC5956390 · DOI
  17. [17]Countryman P.I. Heddle J.A. The production of micronuclei from chromosome aberrations in irradiated cultures of human lymphocytes Mutat. Res. 1976 41 321 332 10.1016/0027-5107(76)90105-6 796719 · DOI
  18. [18]Sakurai T. Kiyokawa T. Kikuchi K. Miyakoshi J. Intermediate frequency magnetic fields generated by an induction heating (IH) cooktop do not affect genotoxicities and expression of heat shock proteins Int. J. Radiat. Biol. 2009 85 883 890 10.1080/09553000903184358 19863202 · DOI
  19. [19]Chidichimo G. Beneduci A. Nicoletta M. Critelli M. De Rose R. Tkatchenko Y. Abonante S. Tripepi S. Perrotta E. Selective inhibition of tumoral cells growth by low power millimeter waves Anticancer Res. 2002 22 1681 1688 12168854
  20. [20]Beneduci A. Chidichimo G. Tripepi S. Perrotta E. Cufone F. Antiproliferative effect of millimeter radiation on human erythromyeloid leukemia cell line K562 in culture: Ultrastructural- and metabolic-induced changes Bioelectrochemistry 2007 70 214 220 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2006.07.008 16959547 · DOI
  21. [21]Beneduci A. Evaluation of the potential in vitro antiproliferative effects of millimeter waves at some therapeutic frequencies on RPMI 7932 human skin malignant melanoma cells. Evaluation of the potential in vitro antiproliferative effects of millimeter waves at some therapeutic frequencies on RPMI 7932 human skin malignant melanoma cells Cell Biochem. Biophys. 2009 55 25 32 19536459
  22. [23]Le Quément C. Nicolaz C.N. Zhadobov M. Desmots F. Sauleau R. Aubry M. Michel D. Le Dréan Y. Whole-genome expression analysis in primary human keratinocyte cell cultures exposed to 60 GHz radiation Bioelectromagnetics 2012 33 147 158 10.1002/bem.20693 21812010 · DOI
  23. [24]Le Quément C. Nicolaz C.N. Habauzit D. Zhadobov M. Sauleau R. Le Dréan Y. Impact of 60-GHz millimeter waves and corresponding heat effect on endoplasmic reticulum stress sensor gene expression Bioelectromagnetics 2014 35 444 451 10.1002/bem.21864 25099539 · DOI
  24. [25]Haas A.J. Le Page Y. Zhadobov M. Sauleau R. Le Dréan Y. Effects of 60-GHz millimeter waves on neurite outgrowth in PC12 cells using high-content screening Neurosci. Lett. 2016 618 58 65 10.1016/j.neulet.2016.02.038 26921450 · DOI
  25. [26]Habauzit D. Le Quément C. Zhadobov M. Martin C. Aubry M. Sauleau R. Le Dréan Y. Transcriptome analysis reveals the contribution of thermal and the specific effects in cellular response to millimeter wave exposure PLoS ONE 2014 9 802 10.1371/journal.pone.0109435 25302706 PMC4193780 · DOI
  26. [27]Vijayalaxmi Logani M.K. Bhanushali A. Ziskin M.C. Prihoda T.J. Micronuclei in peripheral blood and bone marrow cells of mice exposed to 42 GHz electromagnetic millimeter waves Radiat. Res. 2004 161 341 345 14982479
  27. [29]IARC (International Agency for Research on Cancer) IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans. Non-Ionizing Radiation, Part 2: Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Fields IARC Press Lyon, France 2013 Volume 102 1 406 PMC4780878 24772662

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Koyama, S., Narita, E., Shimizu, Y., Suzuki, Y., Shiina, T., Taki, M., Shinohara, N., & Miyakoshi, J.
Affiliations
  • Kyoto University (JP)
  • Tokyo Metropolitan University (JP)
Corresponding author
Koyama, Shin
ORCID
Venue
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2016-08-08
Volume
13
Issue
8
Pages
802
ISSN
1660-4601 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.3390/ijerph13080802
PMC
PMC4997488
OpenAlex
W2517783666
Cited by
29
References
1
Citations by year
2024: 5 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 1
FWCI
1.47
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Institutional Repositories DataBase (IRDB) (submittedVersion)
  • RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
  • Kyoto University Research Information Repository (Kyoto University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Funders
Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biophysics › Electromagnetic Fields and Biological Effects
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Carcinogens and Genotoxicity Assessment
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Effects of Radiation Exposure
Keywords
genotoxicity, heat shock proteins, human corneal epithelial cells, lens epithelial cells, micronucleus frequency, DNA strand breaks, long-term exposure, non-ionizing radiation
MeSH terms
Radiation Exposure, Bleomycin, Cell Line, DNA Damage, Eye, Heat-Shock Proteins, Humans, Lens, Crystalline, Microwaves, Radio Waves, Comet Assay

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review