The DOI matches its Crossref record; 20 of the 20 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Health Behavior Changes During COVID-19 Pandemic and Subsequent “Stay-at-Home” Orders
Open accessAbstract
The COVID-19 pandemic, and resultant “Stay-at-Home” orders, may have impacted adults’ positive health behaviors (sleep, physical activity) and negative health behaviors (alcohol consumption, drug use, and tobacco use). The purpose of this study was to investigate how these health behaviors changed (increased/improved or decreased/worsened) at the early stages of the pandemic, what participant characteristics were associated with health behavior changes, and why these behavioral changes may have occurred. A convenience sample of 1809 adults residing in the United States completed a 15-min self-report questionnaire in April and May 2020. Multinomial logistic regressions and descriptive statistics were used to evaluate how, for whom, and why these health behaviors changed. Participants were primarily female (67.4%), aged 35–49 years (39.8%), college graduates (83.3%), non-tobacco users (74.7%), and had previously used marijuana (48.6%). Overall, participants primarily reported a decrease in physical activity, while sleep and all of the negative health behaviors remained the same. Changes in negative health behaviors were related (p < 0.05) to sex, age, parental status, educational status, job status, BMI, and depression scores. Changes in positive health behaviors were related (p < 0.05) to sex, parental status, job status, and depression scores. Having more time available during the pandemic was the most commonly cited reason for changing health behaviors (negative and positive). Public health efforts should address the potential for long-term health consequences due to behavior change during COVID-19.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
1 retracted
REMOVED: COVID 2019-suicides: A global psychological pandemic
Thakur, V., & Jain, A. (2020) · Brain, Behavior, and Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2020.04.062 · Cited by 380
RetractedHarris, P. A., Taylor, R., Thielke, R., Payne, J., Gonzalez, N., & Conde, J. G. (2009) · Journal of Biomedical Informatics · doi:10.1016/j.jbi.2008.08.010 · Cited by 51,384
The PHQ-9: Validity of a brief depression severity measure
Kroenke, K., Spitzer, R. L., & Williams, J. B. W. (2001) · Journal of General Internal Medicine · doi:10.1046/j.1525-1497.2001.016009606.x · Cited by 44,910
The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index: a new instrument for psychiatric practice and research
Buysse, D. J., Reynolds, C. F., Monk, T. H., Berman, S. R., & Kupfer, D. J. (1989) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/0165-1781(89)90047-4 · Cited by 35,234
The REDCap consortium: building an international community of software platform partners
Harris, P. A., Taylor, R., Minor, B. L., Elliott, V., Fernandez, M., O'Neal, L., McLeod, L., Delacqua, G., Delacqua, F., Kirby, J., et al. (2019) · Journal of Biomedical Informatics · doi:10.1016/j.jbi.2019.103208 · Cited by 24,013
Wang, C., Pan, R., Wan, X., Tan, Y., Xu, L., Ho, C. S., & Ho, R. C. (2020) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph17051729 · Cited by 9,923
MissForest—Non-parametric missing value imputation for mixed-type data
Stekhoven, D. J., & Bühlmann, P. (2012) · Bioinformatics · doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btr597 · Cited by 6,156
Huang, Y., & Zhao, N. (2020) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112954 · Cited by 3,736
COVID-19 and mental health: A review of the existing literature
Rajkumar, R. P. (2020) · Asian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102066 · Cited by 3,574
Lee, P. H., Macfarlane, D. J., Lam, T., & Stewart, S. M. (2011) · International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity · doi:10.1186/1479-5868-8-115 · Cited by 3,370
Cited by
Non-pharmaceutical interventions during the COVID-19 pandemic: A review
Perra, N. (2021) · Physics Reports · doi:10.1016/j.physrep.2021.02.001 · Cited by 531
Alcohol and other substance use during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review
Roberts, A., Rogers, J., Mason, R., Siriwardena, A. N., Hogue, T., Whitley, G. A., & Law, G. R. (2021) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.109150 · Cited by 426
Rahman, M. A., Hoque, N., Alif, S. M., Salehin, M., Islam, S. M. S., Banik, B., Sharif, A., Nazim, N. B., Sultana, F., & Cross, W. (2020) · Globalization and Health · doi:10.1186/s12992-020-00624-w · Cited by 327
Bu, F., Bone, J. K., Mitchell, J. J., Steptoe, A., & Fancourt, D. (2021) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-021-97065-1 · Cited by 114
Daniels, N. F., Burrin, C., Chan, T., & Fusco, F. (2022) · Current Developments in Nutrition · doi:10.1093/cdn/nzac011 · Cited by 45
Metadata
- Authors
- Knell, G., Robertson, M. C., Dooley, E. E., Burford, K., & Mendez, K. S.
- Venue
- International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2020-08-28
- Volume
- 17
- Issue
- 17
- Pages
- 6268
- ISSN
- 1660-4601 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3081757329
- Cited by
- 280
- References
- 20
- FWCI
- 20.54
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Health Behavior Changes During COVID-19 Pandemic and Subsequent “Stay-at-Home” Orders. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.3390/ijerph17176268
- The paper
- Knell, G., Robertson, M. C., Dooley, E. E., Burford, K., & Mendez, K. S. (2020). Health Behavior Changes During COVID-19 Pandemic and Subsequent “Stay-at-Home” Orders. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17176268
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.