Awareness of Endometriosis Symptoms—A Cross Sectional Survey among Polish Women
Open accessAbstract
Background: Endometriosis is a chronic inflammatory condition characterized by the presence of endometrial-like tissue outside of the uterine cavity. It affects approximately 6–12% among reproductive-age women. Laparoscopy is still the gold standard for diagnosing it. Since an average of couple of years elapses from the onset of symptoms to the definitive diagnosis, analysis of symptoms could serve as a non-invasive diagnostic tool. Methods: An anonymous survey was distributed online in November 2019. It contained 23 closed questions, which covered two areas: knowledge and awareness of endometriosis symptoms and its presence among respondents. Results: A total of 3319 women completed the survey, of which 328 were diagnosed with endometriosis (9.9%). The symptoms of endometriosis most often indicated by the general population were infertility and dysmenorrhea. In contrast, those least frequently indicated were painful defecation and dysuria. Respondents suffering from endometriosis indicated that they often or sometimes experienced dysmenorrhea (83%, n = 273), pelvic pain not related to menstruation (72%, n = 235), dyspareunia (68%, n = 223) and painful defecation or dysuria (40%, n = 132). Conclusions: Since the search for a non-invasive diagnostic endometriosis marker has been conducted for many years without success so far, it seems that awareness of the clinical presentation and reported symptoms may help to provide earlier diagnoses.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
There is scarce evidence that iatrogenic endometriosis behaves or develops differently from non-iatrogenic endometriosis.
“There is scarce evidence that iatrogenic endometriosis behaves or develops differently from non-iatrogenic endometriosis, since the general clinical presentation and patient complaints with endometriosis mostly include dysmenorrhea, dysuria, dyschezia, chronic pelvic pain, and infertility [11].”
From Challenges in Diagnosis and Prevention of Iatrogenic Endometriosis as a Long-Term Surgical Complication after C-Section (2022) · cites this paper as [11]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Sinaii, N. (2002) · Human Reproduction · doi:10.1093/humrep/17.10.2715 · Cited by 620 · see citing works
Impact of endometriosis on women’s lives: a qualitative study
Moradi, M., Parker, M. A., Sneddon, A., López, V., & Ellwood, D. A. (2014) · BMC Women s Health · doi:10.1186/1472-6874-14-123 · Cited by 525 · see citing works
Diagnostic delay for endometriosis in Austria and Germany: causes and possible consequences
Hudelist, G., Fritzer, N., Thomas, A. E., Niehues, C., Oppelt, P., Haas, D., Tammaa, A., & Sälzer, H. (2012) · Human Reproduction · doi:10.1093/humrep/des316 · Cited by 493 · see citing works
De Graaff, A. A., D'Hooghe, T. M., Dunselman, G. A. J., Dirksen, C. D., Hummelshoj, L., WERF EndoCost Consortium, Simoens, S., Bokor, A., Brandes, I., Brodszky, V., et al. (2013) · Human Reproduction · doi:10.1093/humrep/det284 · Cited by 473 · see citing works
Della Corte, L., Di Filippo, C., Gabrielli, O., Reppuccia, S., La Rosa, V. L., Ragusa, R., Fichera, M., Commodari, E., Bifulco, G., & Giampaolino, P. (2020) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph17134683 · Cited by 387 · see citing works
Eisenberg, V. H., Weil, C., Chodick, G., & Shalev, V. (2017) · BJOG An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology · doi:10.1111/1471-0528.14711 · Cited by 337 · see citing works
Fourquet, J., Báez, L., Figueroa, M., Iriarte, R. I., & Flores, I. (2011) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2011.04.095 · Cited by 262 · cited 1× · see citing works
“4 h), 64% reported loss of productivity at work and 60% impaired daily functioning [7].”
BackgroundThe direct and indirect costs associated with endometriosis: a systematic literature review
Soliman, A. M., Yang, H., Du, E. X., Kelley, C., & Winkel, C. (2016) · Human Reproduction · doi:10.1093/humrep/dev335 · Cited by 239 · see citing works
Diagnostic delay for superficial and deep endometriosis in the United Kingdom
Ghai, V., Jan, H., Shakir, F., Haines, P., & Kent, A. S. H. (2019) · Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology · doi:10.1080/01443615.2019.1603217 · Cited by 198 · see citing works
Spectrum of symptoms in women diagnosed with endometriosis during adolescence vs adulthood
DiVasta, A. D., Vitonis, A. F., Laufer, M. R., & Missmer, S. A. (2018) · American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1016/j.ajog.2017.12.007 · Cited by 191 · see citing works
Relationship between stage, site and morphological characteristics of pelvic endometriosis and pain
dell'Endometriosi, G. I. P. L. S. (2001) · Human Reproduction · doi:10.1093/humrep/16.12.2668 · Cited by 167 · see citing works
The Impact of Endometriosis on the Quality of Life and the Incidence of Depression—A Cohort Study
Warzecha, D., Szymusik, I., Wielgoś, M., & Pietrzak, B. (2020) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph17103641 · Cited by 139 · see citing works
Self-citationTop ten endometriosis research priorities in the UK and Ireland
Horne, A. W., Saunders, P. T. K., Abokhrais, I. M., & Hogg, L. (2017) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(17)31344-2 · Cited by 131 · see citing works
Singh, S. S., Soliman, A. M., Rahal, Y., Robert, C., Defoy, I., Nisbet, P., & Leyland, N. A. (2020) · Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada · doi:10.1016/j.jogc.2019.10.038 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
What is the societal burden of endometriosis-associated symptoms? A prospective Belgian study
Klein, S., D’Hooghe, T. M., Meuleman, C., Dirksen, C. D., Dunselman, G. A. J., & Simoens, S. (2013) · Reproductive BioMedicine Online · doi:10.1016/j.rbmo.2013.09.020 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
Ovarian endometrioma – a possible finding in adolescent girls and young women: a mini-review
Gałczyński, K., Jóźwik, M., Lewkowicz, D., Semczuk‐Sikora, A., & Semczuk, A. (2019) · Journal of Ovarian Research · doi:10.1186/s13048-019-0582-5 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Public perceptions of endometriosis: perspectives from both genders
SHAH, D. K., Moravek, M. B., Vahratian, A. M., Dalton, V. K., & Lebovic, D. I. (2010) · Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica Scandinavica · doi:10.3109/00016341003657900 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Toczek, J., Jastrzȩbska-Stojko, Ż., Stojko, R., & Drosdzol-Cop, A. B. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph18094726 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Nawrocka-Rutkowska, J., Szydłowska, I., Rył, A., Ciećwież, S. M., Ptak, M., & Starczewski, A. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph18126606 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Angiogenesis signaling in endometriosis: Molecules, diagnosis and treatment (Review)
Bo, C., & Wang, Y. (2024) · Molecular Medicine Reports · doi:10.3892/mmr.2024.13167 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Dysmenorrhea pattern in adolescences informing adult endometriosis
Dai, Y., Luo, H.-J., Zhu, L., Yang, W., Xiang, H., Shi, Q., & Jin, P. (2024) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-024-17825-2 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Cunnington, S., Cunnington, A., & Hirose, A. (2024) · Journal of Endometriosis and Uterine Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jeud.2024.100087 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Khan, K. N., Ogawa, K., Iwasa, K., Kuroboshi, H., Okimura, H., Koshiba, A., Manabe, E., Izumi, M., Akira, S., Mehdizadehkashi, A., et al. (2022) · Reproductive BioMedicine Online · doi:10.1016/j.rbmo.2022.07.009 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Mobile applications for endometriosis management functionalities: Analysis and potential
Moumane, K., & Idri, A. (2023) · Scientific African · doi:10.1016/j.sciaf.2023.e01833 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Moore, C., Cogan, N. A., & Williams, L. (2023) · Journal of Health Psychology · doi:10.1177/13591053231183230 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Neamtu, R., Dahma, G., Mocanu, A. G., Bernad, E., Silaghi, C.-I., Stelea, L., Citu, C., Dobrescu, A., Bratosin, F., Grigoras, M. L., et al. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph19052791 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
“There is scarce evidence that iatrogenic endometriosis behaves or develops differently from non-iatrogenic endometriosis, since the general clinical presentation and patient complaints with endometriosis mostly include dysmenorrhea, dysuria, dyschezia, chronic pelvic pain, and infertility [11].”
BackgroundEpidemiology of Endometriosis Awareness in Turkey
Ozgor, B. Y., Azamat, S., Berkay, E. G., Türeli, D., Özdemir, İ. İ., Topaloğlu, S., & Kocatürk, A. (2023) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.37536 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Is the Deep Endometriosis or the Surgery the Cause of Postoperative Bladder Dysfunction?
Laterza, R. M., Uccella, S., Serati, M., Umek, W. H., Wenzl, R. J., Graf, A. C., & Ghezzi, F. (2022) · Journal of Minimally Invasive Gynecology · doi:10.1016/j.jmig.2021.12.017 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
The role of phoenixin in the proliferation and migration of ectopic epithelial cells in vitro
Kulinska, K. I., Białas, P., Dera-Szymanowska, A., Billert, M., Kotwicka, M., Szymanowski, K., & Wołuń-Cholewa, M. (2023) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.01.056 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Woźniak, J., Kadłubek, S., Mąka, M., Kapturska, N., Kalinowski, S., Cymerys, K., Kardaszewski, P., Kamiński, J., Sikora, D., & Góralczyk, E. (2025) · Journal of Education Health and Sport · doi:10.12775/jehs.2025.77.56867 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Spinoni, M., Gesto, C. D., Porpora, M. G., & Grano, C. (2025) · European Journal of Pain · doi:10.1002/ejp.70198 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Li, X., Zhang, B., Tan, P., Chesney, M. A., Zhang, T., & Nie, G. (2023) · Heliyon · doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20450 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Gouesbet, S., Lambert, S., Amazouz, H., Breton, Z., Tran, V.-T., Missmer, S. A., & Kvaskoff, M. (2025) · European Journal of Pain · doi:10.1002/ejp.70040 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Abraham, K. L., Rast, C. E., Storch, E. A., & Guzick, A. G. (2025) · Personalized Medicine in Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.pmip.2025.100160 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Understanding women’s decisions to seek an endometriosis diagnosis: A Health Belief Model approach
Pavic, T., Redjem, I. D., David, J.-C., Nadarajah, K., Loyal, D., Terrade, F., & Cabagno, G. (2026) · Women & Health · doi:10.1080/03630242.2026.2637497 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Ali, F. K., Elbana, H. M., & Elmordy, Z. R. A. (2022) · Egyptian Journal of Nursing and Health Sciences · doi:10.21608/ejnhs.2022.261795 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Wu, Y., Li, X., Dai, Y., Shi, J., Gu, Z., Zhang, J., Zhang, C., Yan, H., & Leng, J. (2022) · Frontiers in Medicine · doi:10.3389/fmed.2022.905688 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Assessing awareness of non-Medical Students at Menoufia University toward Endometriosis
Barsoom, M., El-Razek, A. A., & Ayoub, G. (2023) · Menoufia Nursing Journal · doi:10.21608/menj.2023.343251 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Unraveling Endometriosis: Is Fusobacterium the Culprit for Endometriosis
Hussain, A., Shaikh, W., & Fareed, A. (2024) · Journal of Mid-life Health · doi:10.4103/jmh.jmh_43_24 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Awareness and Knowledge of Libyan Women about Endometriosis
Eljamay, S. M., Elhassadi, J. E., & Asrafel, H. (2023) · East Asian Journal of Multidisciplinary Research · doi:10.55927/eajmr.v2i3.3246 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Usman, F., Hakim, M. K., Manan, H., & Saleh, M. I. (2023) · Indonesian Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology Science · doi:10.24198/obgynia.v6i2.503
Awareness and Knowledge of Libyan Women about Endometriosis
Eljamay, S. M., & Elhassadi, J. E. (2023) · Data Sciences Indonesia (DSI) · doi:10.47709/dsi.v3i1.2137
Chen, Q., Jia, L., Wang, S., Chen, M., Zhang, C., Fang, Y., Deng, M., & Jin, C. (2024) · Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine · doi:10.1002/jum.16586
Additional file 1 of Dysmenorrhea pattern in adolescences informing adult endometriosis
Dai, Y., Luo, H., Zhu, L., Yang, W., Xiang, H., Shi, Q., & Jin, P. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26677010
Didier, K. A., Victor, K. S., Chrisosotome, B. J., Alexis, Y. B., José, L. O., N’guessan, Y. K. C. H., & Telesphore, S. S. A. (2026) · Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.4236/ojog.2026.1610131
- Authors
- Kotowska, M., Urbaniak, J., Falęcki, W. J., Łazarewicz, P., Masiak, M., & Szymusik, I.
- Affiliations
- Medical University of Warsaw (PL)
- Calmsie, 20-060 Lublin, Poland
- Corresponding author
- Szymusik, Iwona
- Venue
- International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2021-09-21
- Volume
- 18
- Issue
- 18
- Pages
- 9919
- ISSN
- 1660-4601 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC8466883
- OpenAlex
- W3201288224
- Cited by
- 26
- References
- 19
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 5
- FWCI
- 4.30
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Endometriosis Research and Treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Gynecological conditions and treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Ectopic Pregnancy Diagnosis and Management
- Keywords
- endometriosis, endometriosis symptoms, symptom awareness, dysmenorrhea, infertility, dyspareunia, pelvic pain, non-invasive diagnosis, early diagnosis, women's health, Poland
- MeSH terms
- Cross-Sectional Studies, Dysmenorrhea, Endometriosis, Female, Humans, Poland, Pelvic Pain
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
