Sustainable Chromium (VI) Removal from Contaminated Groundwater Using Nano-Magnetite-Modified Biochar via Rapid Microwave Synthesis
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This study developed a nano-magnetite-modified biochar material (m-biochar) using a simple and rapid in situ synthesis method via microwave treatment, and systematically investigated the removal capability and mechanism of chromium (VI) by this m-biochar from contaminated groundwater. The m-biochar was fabricated from reed residues and magnetically modified by nano-Fe3O4. The results from scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) characterisations confirmed the successful doping of nano-Fe3O4 on the biochar with an improved porous structure. The synthesised m-biochar exhibited significantly higher maximum adsorption capacity of 9.92 mg/g compared with that (8.03 mg/g) of the pristine biochar. The adsorption kinetics followed the pseudo-second-order model and the intraparticle diffusion model, which indicated that the overall adsorption rate of Cr(VI) was governed by the processes of chemical adsorption, liquid film diffusion and intramolecular diffusion. The increasing of the pH from 3 to 11 significantly affected the Cr(VI) adsorption, where the capabilities decreased from 9.92 mg/g to 0.435 mg/g and 8.03 mg/g to 0.095 mg/g for the m-biochar and pristine biochar, respectively. Moreover, the adsorption mechanisms of Cr(VI) by m-biochar were evaluated and confirmed to include the pathways of electrostatic adsorption, reduction and complexation. This study highlighted an effective synthesis method to prepare a superior Cr(VI) adsorbent, which could contribute to the effective remediation of heavy metal contaminations in the groundwater.
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Nano-magnetite-modified biochar (m-biochar) had maximum sorption capacity of 9.92 mg/g for Cr(VI), significantly higher than original biochar (8.03 mg/g).
“The maximum sorption capacity of m-biochar was 9.92mg · g -1 , which was significantly higher than that of the original biochar (8.03mg · g -1 ).”
From Modified biochar: synthesis and mechanism for removal of environmental heavy metals (2022) · cites this paper as Song et al. (2020)
The sorption capacity of modified reed straw biochar prepared by microwave-treated nano-magnetite was 9.92 mg·g−1, significantly higher than that of the original biochar (8.03 mg·g−1).
“The sorption capacity of the modified reed straw biochar prepared by microwave treated nano-magnetite was 9.92mg · g -1 , significantly higher than that of the original biochar (8.03mg · g -1 ) (Song etal. 2020).”
From Modified biochar: synthesis and mechanism for removal of environmental heavy metals (2022) · cites this paper as Song et al. 2020
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Modified biochar: synthesis and mechanism for removal of environmental heavy metals
Liu, Z., Xu, Z., Xu, L., Buyong, F., Chay, T. C., Li, Z., Cai, Y., Hu, B., Zhu, Y., & Wang, X. (2022) · Carbon Research · doi:10.1007/s44246-022-00007-3 · Cited by 426 · see citing works
- Authors
- Song, X., Zhang, Y., Cao, N., Sun, D., Zhang, Z., Wang, Y., Wen, Y., Yang, Y., & Lyu, T.
- Affiliations
- Shenyang University (CN)
- Sichuan Bureau of Geology & Mineral Resources (CN)
- Jilin University (CN)
- Cranfield University (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Yang, Yuesuo
- Lyu, Tao
- Venue
- Molecules
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2020-12-28
- Volume
- 26
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 103
- ISSN
- 1420-3049 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC7795963
- OpenAlex
- W3114803960
- Cited by
- 65
- References
- 51
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 4
- FWCI
- 2.15
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Molecules (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- National Natural Science Foundation of China-Guangdong Joint Fund (41703125;)
- National Key R&D Program of China (2019YFC1804805)
- Key R&D Program of Liaoning Province (No. 2020JH2-10300083)
- Science and Technology Foundation of Liaoning Province (Ph. D Startup, 2019-BS-170)
- Liao Ning Revitalization Talents Program (XLYC1807259)
- Open Fund Research Plan of Engineering Technology Center of Environmental Protection and Groundwater Pollution Control of Sichuan Province (SCDXSWRFZKFJJ2018-02)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Water Science and Technology › Adsorption and biosorption for pollutant removal
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Environmental remediation with nanomaterials
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Chromium effects and bioremediation
- Keywords
- hexavalent chromium removal, groundwater remediation, microwave-assisted synthesis, Fe3O4 nanoparticles, heavy metal adsorption, adsorption kinetics, adsorption isotherms, pH effect on adsorption, electrostatic adsorption, adsorption mechanism
- MeSH terms
- Adsorption, Charcoal, Chromium, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Kinetics, Magnetics, Microwaves, Water Pollutants, Chemical, Ferrosoferric Oxide, Nanoparticles, Groundwater
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