Biomass-Derived Porous Carbon from Agar as an Anode Material for Lithium-Ion Batteries
Open accessAbstract
New porous activated carbons with a high surface area as an anode material for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) were synthesized by a one-step, sustainable, and environmentally friendly method. Four chemical activators—H2SO4, H3PO4, KOH, and ZnCl2—have been investigated as facilitators of the formation of the porous structure of activated carbon (AC) from an agar precursor. The study of the materials by Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) methods revealed its highly porous meso- and macro-structure. Among the used chemical activators, the AC prepared with the addition of KOH demonstrated the best electrochemical performance upon its reaction with lithium metal. The initial discharge capacity reached 931 mAh g−1 and a reversible capacity of 320 mAh g−1 was maintained over 100 cycles at 0.1 C. High rate cycling tests up to 10 C demonstrated stable cycling performance of the AC from agar.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The Raman peaks at 1335 and 1586.5 cm−1 are attributed to disordered carbon (D band) and sp2 carbon (G band), respectively.
“Two Raman peaks at 1335 and 1586.5 cm−1, are attributed to disordered carbon electronic configuration (D band) and sp2 carbon electronic configuration (G band), respectively26.”
From High-performance Na3V2(PO4)3/C cathode for efficient low-temperature lithium-ion batteries (2025) · cites this paper as [26]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
No citation lists for this paper
No citation lists for this paper yet — checked again daily.
References 51 · Cited by 33
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- [8]Kamali A.R. Fray D.J. Tin-based materials as advanced anode materials for lithium ion batteries: A review Rev. Adv. Mater. Sci. 2011 27 14 24
- Authors
- Issatayev, N., Kalimuldina, G., Nurpeissova, A., & Bakenov, Z.
- Affiliations
- Nazarbayev University (KZ)
- Corresponding author
- Kalimuldina, Gulnur
- Bakenov, Zhumabay
- Venue
- Nanomaterials
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2021-12-22
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 22
- ISSN
- 2079-4991 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC8746817
- OpenAlex
- W4200144693
- Cited by
- 33
- References
- 51
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 2
- FWCI
- 1.54
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Nanomaterials (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Nazarbayev University Repository (Nazarbayev University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Nazarbayev University Repository (Nazarbayev University) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Advancements in Battery Materials
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials › Supercapacitor Materials and Fabrication
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Advanced Battery Materials and Technologies
- Keywords
- agar, porous activated carbon, lithium-ion battery anodes, biomass-derived carbon, chemical activation, KOH activation, sulfuric acid activation, phosphoric acid activation, ZnCl2 activation, high surface area, discharge capacity, cycling stability, rate capability
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
