Effects of Olive Oil on Markers of Inflammation and Endothelial Function—A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Open accessAbstract
The aim of the present systematic review was to synthesize data from randomized controlled trials investigating the effects of olive oil on markers of inflammation or endothelial function. Literature search in electronic databases Cochrane Trial Register, EMBASE, and MEDLINE was performed. Thirty studies enrolling 3106 participants fulfilled the selection criteria. Pooled effects of different interventions were assessed as mean difference using a random effects model. Olive oil interventions (with daily consumption ranging approximately between 1 mg and 50 mg) resulted in a significantly more pronounced decrease in C-reactive protein (mean difference: −0.64 mg/L, (95% confidence interval (CI) −0.96 to −0.31), p < 0.0001, n = 15 trials) and interleukin-6 (mean difference: −0.29 (95% CI −0.7 to −0.02), p < 0.04, n = 7 trials) as compared to controls, respectively. Values of flow-mediated dilatation (given as absolute percentage) were significantly more increased in individuals subjected to olive oil interventions (mean difference: 0.76% (95% CI 0.27 to 1.24), p < 0.002, n = 8 trials). These results provide evidence that olive oil might exert beneficial effects on endothelial function as well as markers of inflammation and endothelial function, thus representing a key ingredient contributing to the cardiovascular-protective effects of a Mediterranean diet. However, due to the heterogeneous study designs (e.g., olive oil given as a supplement or as part of dietary pattern, variations in control diets), a conservative interpretation of the results is necessary.
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A meta-analysis including 3106 subjects showed an increase in FMD in participants who received an olive oil-enriched diet, confirming the beneficial effects of MUFA and a potential contribution of olive oil phenolic compounds on FMD.
“A meta-analysis including 3106 subjects showed an increase in FMD in participants who received an olive oil-enriched diet [44], confirming the beneficial effects of MUFA and a potential contribution of olive oil phenolic compounds on FMD.”
From Olive pomace oil can improve blood lipid profile: a randomized, blind, crossover, controlled clinical trial in healthy and at-risk volunteers (2022) · cites this paper as [44]
Results §3.1 reports 30 studies with 3,106 participants, and the FMD result reports a significant increase with olive oil interventions. But the FMD analysis drew on eight trials, not all 3,106 participants, and §3.1 describes interventions that included olive oil capsules as well as olive oil-enriched diets. The citation appears before the sentence’s interpretation about MUFA and phenolic compounds, so that interpretation is not assessed here. (LLM, conf=0.86)
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References 75 · Cited by 252
- Authors
- Schwingshackl, L., Christoph, M., & Hoffmann, G.
- Affiliations
- University of Vienna (AT)
- Corresponding author
- Hoffmann, Georg
- Venue
- Nutrients
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2015-09-11
- Volume
- 7
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 7651-7675
- ISSN
- 2072-6643 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4586551
- OpenAlex
- W2150032775
- Cited by
- 252
- References
- 75
- Citations by year
- 2026: 22 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 23 · 2023: 25 · 2022: 33 · 2021: 22 · 2020: 37 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 27 · 2017: 18 · 2016: 10
- FWCI
- 0.85
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- dx.doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Nutrients (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Informationszentrum Lebenswissenschaften (ZB MED) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Phaidra (Universität Wien) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Organic Chemistry › Edible Oils Quality and Analysis
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Fatty Acid Research and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Keywords
- olive oil, inflammatory markers, endothelial function, C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, flow-mediated dilation, Mediterranean diet, cardioprotection, dietary supplementation
- MeSH terms
- Olive Oil, C-Reactive Protein, Cardiovascular Diseases, Diet, Endothelium, Vascular, Humans, Inflammation, Risk Factors, Vasodilation, Biomarkers, Chi-Square Distribution, Risk Assessment, Inflammation Mediators, Diet, Mediterranean, Protective Factors
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