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Cited by 14Plant Stress Responses and TolerancePlant Genetic and Mutation StudiesGenetics and Plant Breeding

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Deciphering the Genetic Mechanisms of Salt Tolerance in Sorghum bicolor L.: Key Genes and SNP Associations from Comparative Transcriptomic Analyses

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Jeon, Donghyun, Kim, Jin-Baek, Kang, Beum-Chang, Kim, Changsoo·2023·Plants
DOI 10.3390/plants12142639PMC PMC10384642
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Abstract

Sorghum bicolor L. is a vital cereal crop for global food security. Its adaptability to diverse climates make it economically, socially, and environmentally valuable. However, soil salinization caused by climate extremes poses a threat to sorghum. This study aimed to identify candidate salt-tolerant genes and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) by performing a comparative transcriptome analysis on a mutant sorghum line and its wild type. The mutant line was generated through gamma ray exposure and selection for salt tolerance. Phenotypic measurements were taken, followed by mRNA sequencing and variant calling. In this study, potential genes and non-synonymous SNPs associated with salt tolerance were inferred, including LOC8071970, LOC8067721, LOC110430887, LOC8070256, and LOC8056880. These genes demonstrated notable differences in nsSNPs in comparison to the wild type, suggesting their potential roles in salt tolerance. Additionally, LOC8060874 (cyanohydrin beta-glucosyltransferase) was suggested as a key gene involved in salt tolerance due to its possible role in dhurrin biosynthesis under salt stress. In upcoming research, additional reverse genetics studies will be necessary in order to verify the function of those candidate genes in relation to salt stress. In conclusion, this study underscores the significance of investigating salt tolerance mechanisms and the potential key genes associated with salt tolerance in sorghum. Our findings may provide insights for future breeding strategies aimed at enhancing salinity tolerance and crop productivity.

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Crossref · 10.3390/plants12142639

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Figures

Figure 1 PCA of RNA-seq data for S. bicolor. The x-axis represents the first principal component (PC1) while the y-axis represents the second principal component (PC2). WtCT, Wild type control; Wt200, Wild type 200 mM NaCl treatment; MuCT, Mutation Control; Mu200, Mutation 200 mM NaCl treatment.
Figure 1 PCA of RNA-seq data for S. bicolor. The x-axis represents the first principal component (PC1) while the y-axis represents the second principal component (PC2). WtCT, Wild type control; Wt200, Wild type 200 mM NaCl treatment; MuCT, Mutation Control; Mu200, Mutation 200 mM NaCl treatment.CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 2 Differential gene expression analysis was conducted by venn diagram. WtCT, Wild type control; Wt200, Wild type 200 mM NaCl treatment; MuCT, Mutation Control; Mu200, Mutation 200 mM NaCl treatment. Contra-regulated genes refers to genes that exhibit changes in expression in opposite directions under different conditions or experimental treatments.
Figure 2 Differential gene expression analysis was conducted by venn diagram. WtCT, Wild type control; Wt200, Wild type 200 mM NaCl treatment; MuCT, Mutation Control; Mu200, Mutation 200 mM NaCl treatment. Contra-regulated genes refers to genes that exhibit changes in expression in opposite directions under different conditions or experimental treatments.CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 3 The diagram of the KEGG pathways (A) Cyanoamino acid metabolism; (B) Flavonoid biosynthesis; (C) Glutathione biosynthesis. The red rectangle indicates the pathway containing LOC8060874 (cyanohydrin beta-glucosyltransferase).
Figure 3 The diagram of the KEGG pathways (A) Cyanoamino acid metabolism; (B) Flavonoid biosynthesis; (C) Glutathione biosynthesis. The red rectangle indicates the pathway containing LOC8060874 (cyanohydrin beta-glucosyltransferase).CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 4 Identifying the location of nsSNPs that only occurred in the mutants compared to the wild type in five candidate genes. The blue rectangle indicates the location where nsSNPs occurred.
Figure 4 Identifying the location of nsSNPs that only occurred in the mutants compared to the wild type in five candidate genes. The blue rectangle indicates the location where nsSNPs occurred.CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 5 (A), Module of LOC8060874 (cyanohydrin beta-glucosyltransferase), sbi_M00369 Cyanogenic glycoside biosynthesis, tyrosine => dhurrin (B), Ancestor chart for GO:0010132, the dhurrin biosynthetic process.
Figure 5 (A), Module of LOC8060874 (cyanohydrin beta-glucosyltransferase), sbi_M00369 Cyanogenic glycoside biosynthesis, tyrosine => dhurrin (B), Ancestor chart for GO:0010132, the dhurrin biosynthetic process.CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 6 Prediction of the 3D protein sequence structure for dhurrin biosynthesis-associated gene LOC8060874. (A) comparison of nsSNP between wild type and mutant, (B) prediction of protein structure for wild type, (C) prediction of protein structure for mutant, (D) amino acid sequence of wild type, (E) amino acid sequence of mutant.
Figure 6 Prediction of the 3D protein sequence structure for dhurrin biosynthesis-associated gene LOC8060874. (A) comparison of nsSNP between wild type and mutant, (B) prediction of protein structure for wild type, (C) prediction of protein structure for mutant, (D) amino acid sequence of wild type, (E) amino acid sequence of mutant.CC BY · PubMed Central

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Research works printed but not linked: 2

  1. Adhikari, 2022, Salt Stress Negatively Affects the Growth and Development, Net Photosynthetic, Chlorophyll Fluorescence, and Biochemical Responses in Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.), Hortscience, 57, S145
  2. Mansour, 2020, Plasma membrane lipids and adaptation of plants to salt stress, Adv. Environ. Res., 78, 1

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Metadata

Authors
Jeon, D., Kim, J.-B., Kang, B.-C., & Kim, C.
Affiliations
  • Chungnam National University (KR)
  • Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KR)
  • Jeonbuk National University (KR)
Corresponding author
  • Kang, Beum-Chang
  • Kim, Changsoo
ORCID
Venue
Plants
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2023-07-13
Volume
12
Issue
14
Pages
2639
ISSN
2223-7747 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.3390/plants12142639
PMC
PMC10384642
OpenAlex
W4384341729
Cited by
14
References
66
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 6
FWCI
2.21
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Plants (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders
Chungnam National University (2021-1863-01)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Plant Stress Responses and Tolerance
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Plant Genetic and Mutation Studies
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Genetics and Plant Breeding
Keywords
sorghum, salt tolerance, salt stress, single nucleotide polymorphisms, non-synonymous SNPs, candidate genes, mutant strain, gamma-ray mutagenesis, comparative transcriptomics, soil salinization

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