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Implementation of Circular Economy Principles in the Synthesis of Polyurethane Foams

Kurańska, Maria, Leszczyńska, Milena, Malewska, Elżbieta, Prociak, Aleksander, Ryszkowska, Joanna·2020·Polymers
DOI 10.3390/polym12092068PMC PMC7569902
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Abstract

The main strategy of the European Commission in the field of the building industry assumes a reduction of greenhouse gas emissions by up to 20% by 2020 and by up to 80% by 2050. In order to meet these conditions, it is necessary to develop not only efficient thermal insulation materials, but also more environmentally friendly ones. This paper describes an experiment in which two types of bio-polyols were obtained using transesterification of used cooking oil with triethanolamine (UCO_TEA) and diethylene glycol (UCO_DEG). The bio-polyols were next used to prepare low-density rigid polyurethane (PUR) foams. It was found that the bio-polyols increased the reactivity of the PUR systems, regardless of their chemical structures. The reactivity of the system modified with 60% of the diethylene glycol-based bio-polyol was higher than in the case of the reference system. The bio-foams exhibited apparent densities of 41–45 kg/m3, homogeneous cellular structures and advantageous values of the coefficient of thermal conductivity. It was observed that the higher functionality of bio-polyol UCO_TEA compared with UCO_DEG had a beneficial effect on the mechanical and thermal properties of the bio-foams. The most promising results were obtained in the case of the foams modified in 60% with the bio-polyol based on triethanoloamine. In conclusion, this approach, utilizing used cooking oil in the synthesis of high-value thermal insulating materials, provides a sustainable municipal waste recycling solution.

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Crossref · 10.3390/polym12092068

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Figure 1 Foam PU_UCO_DEG_100 characterized by shrinkage.
Figure 1 Foam PU_UCO_DEG_100 characterized by shrinkage.CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 2 Foams core temperature profiles (a) and dielectric polarization changes in time (b) during foaming process of PUR system based on UCO_TEA.
Figure 2 Foams core temperature profiles (a) and dielectric polarization changes in time (b) during foaming process of PUR system based on UCO_TEA.CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 3 Foams core temperature profiles (a) and dielectric polarization changes in time (b) during foaming process of PUR system based on UCO_DEG.
Figure 3 Foams core temperature profiles (a) and dielectric polarization changes in time (b) during foaming process of PUR system based on UCO_DEG.CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 4 FTIR spectra of the reference material and PU_UCO_TEA_20–80 foams.
Figure 4 FTIR spectra of the reference material and PU_UCO_TEA_20–80 foams.CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 5 SEM images of polyurethane foams.
Figure 5 SEM images of polyurethane foams.CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 6 Pore size distribution for PU_REF and foams modified with polyols UCO_TEA (a) and UCO_DEG (b).
Figure 6 Pore size distribution for PU_REF and foams modified with polyols UCO_TEA (a) and UCO_DEG (b).CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 7 Compressive strength parallel (pa) and perpendicular (pe) to direction of foam rise of rigid PUR materials containing UCO_TEA and UCO_DEG bio-polyols.
Figure 7 Compressive strength parallel (pa) and perpendicular (pe) to direction of foam rise of rigid PUR materials containing UCO_TEA and UCO_DEG bio-polyols.CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 8 Thermograms for reference material and PU_UCO_DEG foams.
Figure 8 Thermograms for reference material and PU_UCO_DEG foams.CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 9 Thermograms for reference material and PU_UCO_TEA foams.
Figure 9 Thermograms for reference material and PU_UCO_TEA foams.CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 10 DSC thermograms of materials.
Figure 10 DSC thermograms of materials.CC BY · PubMed Central

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Research works printed but not linked: 21

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Cited by

Sorted by citations

Metadata

Authors
Kurańska, M., Leszczyńska, M., Malewska, E., Prociak, A., & Ryszkowska, J.
Affiliations
  • Department of Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Kraków, Poland
  • Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Wołoska 141, 0-507 Warsaw, Poland
ORCID
Ryszkowska, Joanna
Venue
Polymers
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2020-09-12
Volume
12
Issue
9
Pages
2068
ISSN
2073-4360
DOI
10.3390/polym12092068
PMC
PMC7569902
Cited by
30
References
0
Language
en
Licence
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (vor)
Funders
National Center for Research and Development in Poland (LIDER/28/0167/L-8/16/NCBR/2017)

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