Comparison of Antioxidants to Increase the Oxidation Stability of Pyrolysis Oils of Three Plastics Using Iodine Value
Open accessAbstract
Pyrolysis is an excellent method for recovering mixed and contaminated plastics that are no longer recyclable. Special attention must be paid to the stability of the fuel to avoid the formation of undesirable products. This can be achieved by additives such as antioxidants. In this study, high-density polyethylene, polypropylene, and polystyrene plastic waste are slowly pyrolyzed to a maximum of 470 degrees Celsius. A gasoline fraction (0–190 °C) and a diesel fraction (190–320 °C) are then obtained from these. Three antioxidants are added to these fractions: pyrocatechol, phenol, and freshly produced algal pyrolysis oil; the latter is described in the literature as containing particularly high levels of antioxidants. The oxidation stability of these mixtures and the change in the iodine number over time are measured using a newer method than the commonly used method of Wijs. Phenol improves the oxidation stability best, followed successively by algae pyrolysis oil and pyrocatechol. The oxidation stability of the gasoline fraction of the polypropylene pyrolysis oil with phenol is 49% higher than that of the same fraction without antioxidants.
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Liquid oils from pyrolysis of polypropylene and high-density polyethylene often have calorific values around 45-47 MJ/kg and flash points between 40 and 60°C, aligning more closely with diesel fuel specifications, although cetane numbers may vary and ash and water content are typically low.
“Liquid oils derived from the pyrolysis of polypropylene and high-density polyethylene often exhibit properties that align more closely with diesel fuel specifications, such as calorific values around 45-47 MJ/kg and flash points between 40 and 60 • C, although their cetane numbers may vary and they typically have low ash and water content [326,334].”
From Biofuels, E-Fuels, and Waste-Derived Fuels: Advances, Challenges, and Future Directions (2025) · cites this paper as [334]
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- Authors
- Uebe, J., Lekaviciute, E., Kryzevicius, Z., & Zukauskaite, A.
- Affiliations
- Klaipėda University (LT)
- Faculty of Marine Technology and Natural Sciences, Klaipeda University, H. Manto Str. 84, LT-91225 Klaipeda, Lithuania
- Corresponding author
- Uebe, Jochen
- Venue
- Processes
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2024-03-22
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 638
- ISSN
- 2227-9717 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4393080962
- Cited by
- 5
- References
- 35
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 3
- FWCI
- 0.55
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Processes (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Processes
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Organic Chemistry › Edible Oils Quality and Analysis
- Physical Sciences › Chemical Engineering › Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes › Advanced Combustion Engine Technologies
- Keywords
- plastic pyrolysis oil, antioxidants, oxidative stability, iodine value, high-density polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, plastic waste, catechol, phenols, gasoline fraction, diesel fraction, fuel additives
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